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Effects of dietary macronutrients and body composition on glucose homeostasis in mice

National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 19-29页

作者： Sumei Hu Jacques Togo Lu Wang Yingga Wu Dengbao Yang Yanchao Xu Li Li Baoguo Li Min Li Jianbo Li Guanlin Wang Xueying Zhang Chaoqun Niu Mohsen Mazidi alex douglas John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China) School of Pharmacy Yantai University School of Basic Medical Sciences University of Dali University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics (CCEAEG)

As a major health issue, obesity is linked with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. However, whether disrupted glucose homeostasis is due to altered body composition alone, or whether dietary macronutrients play an additional role, independent of their impact on body composition, remains unclear. We investigated the associations between macronutrients, body composition, blood hormones and glucose homeostasis. We fed C57BL/6N mice 29 different diets with variable macronutrients for 12 weeks. After 10 weeks,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests were performed. Generalized linear models were generated to evaluate the impacts of macronutrients, body composition and blood hormones on glucose *** area under the glucose curve (AUC) was strongly associated with body fat mass, but not dietary macronutrients. AUC was significantly associated with fasting insulin levels. Six genes from transcriptomic analysis of epididymal white adipose tissue and subcutaneous white adipose tissue were significantly associated with AUC. These genes may encode secreted proteins that play important previously unanticipated roles in glucose homeostasis.

关键词： dietary macronutrients body fat mass fasting blood glucose glucose tolerance mice

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Nutrient limitation identifies a fitness advantage for polyploids

Nutrient limitation identifies a fitness advantage for polyp...

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2013全国植物生物学大会

作者： CHAO Daiyin DIKES Brian LUO Hongbing douglas alex YAKUBOVA Elena LAHNER Brett SALT David E. National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institute for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University

Polyploidy is an important event in the evolutionary history of *** indicate that paleopolyploid events are concentrated at the boundary between certain geological time periods,and extant p

关键词： polyploid adaptive fitness potasium salinity tolerance evolution

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Gastric cystica profunda:Another indication for minimally invasive endoscopic resection techniques?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第27期30卷 3278-3283页

作者： Harjot K Bedi douglas Motomura Neal Shahidi Department of Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6Z 2K5BCCanada

Gastric cancer presents a significant global health burden,as it is the fifth most common malignancy and fourth leading cause of cancer mortality *** in incidence rates across regions underscores the multifactorial etiology of this *** overall 5-year survival rate remains low despite advances in its diagnosis and *** surgical gastrectomy was previously standard-of-care,endoscopic resection techniques,including endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)have emerged as effective alternatives for early *** to surgical resection,endoscopic resection techniques have comparable 5-year survival rates,reduced treatment-related adverse events,shorter hospital stays and lower *** also enables en bloc resection,thus affording organ-sparing curative endoscopic resection for early *** this editorial,we comment on the recent publication by Geng et al regarding gastric cystica profunda(GCP).GCP is a rare gastric pseudotumour with the potential for malignant *** presents a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific clinical manifestations and varied endoscopic *** are several gaps in the literature regarding the diagnosis and management of GCP which warrants further research to standardize patient *** in endoscopic resection techniques offer promising avenues for GCP and early gastric cancers.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Endoscopy Endoscopic submucosal dissection Gastric cystica profunda

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A Many Worlds Interpretation of the Dark Universe

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 828-835页

作者： Richard douglas Bateson Cavendish Laboratory Cambridge UK

In this paper, we discuss a Many Worlds Interpretation (MWI) of Dark Energy and Dark Matter. The universe is viewed cosmologically as a fermionic fluid with a hydrostatic pressure from “Zitterbewegung”, the quantum “zig-zagging” of Dirac particles. At each point in space-time, the pressure from all possible velocity states existing in the Many Worlds sums to provide a dark energy. This provides a ratio of matter energy to pressure energy close to that observed experimentally. Visible matter is the matter observed or measured in a particular velocity state and dark matter is then considered as the unobserved fermion contributions from different orthogonal spatial directions.

关键词： Dark Energy Dark Matter Many Worlds

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Increasing dietary fiber intake for type 2 diabetes mellitus management: A systematic review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 1001-1010页

作者： douglas Nitzke Juliana Czermainski Carolina Rosa Chaline Coghetto Sabrina Alves Fernandes Randhall B Carteri Department of Nutrition Centro Universitário CESUCACachoeirinha 94935-630Brazil Department of Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90430-080Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Brazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre(UFCSPA)Porto Alegre 90050-170Brazil

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is a chronic,non-communicable disease with a substantial global impact,affecting a significant number of *** etiology is closely tied to imbalanced dietary practices and sedentary ***,increasing die-tary fiber(DF)intake has consistently demonstrated health benefits in numerous studies,including improvements in glycemic control and weight *** To investigate the efficacy of DF interventions in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the association between DF intake and the management of *** the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 26 studies were included in this *** The main strategies implied to increased DF intake were:High DF diet plus acarbose(2 studies);DF supplements(14 studies);and high DF diets(10 studies).Overall,most studies indicated that increased DF intake resulted in im-provements in glycemic control and weight management in T2DM *** DF represents a valuable strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,improving health *** intake offers the potential to improve quality of life and reduce complications and mortality associated with ***,through supplements or enriched foods,DF contributes significantly to the control of several markers such as HbA1c,blood glucose,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein,and body weight.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Soluble fibers Insoluble fibers Probiotics Blood glucose Nutrition

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Assessment of the piroxicam-incited model of synchronized colitis in T-cell receptor alpha chain-deficient mice

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 533-543页

作者： Maximo E.Lange Danisa M.Bescucci Valerie F.Boras Tony Montina G.douglas Inglis Lethbridge Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaLethbridgeAlbertaCanada Alberta Health Services Chinook Regional HospitalLethbridgeAlbertaCanada Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of LethbridgeLethbridgeAlbertaCanada Southern Alberta Genome Sciences Centre University of LethbridgeLethbridgeAlbertaCanada

Background:A multitude of mouse models are utilized to emulate and study intestinal inflammation.T-cell receptor alpha chain(TCRα)-deficient mice are used as a model of spontaneous colitis that has similarities with human ulcerative ***,colitis is triggered late in the life of the mouse(age:4-5 months),and inflammation does not develop at the same time in different mice.A previously conducted study reported that the administration of the drug piroxicam triggered predictable and early colitis in TCRα-deficient mice at the age of 6-8 ***,a detailed characterization of ensuing inflammation was not ***:We conducted an in-depth examination of piroxicam-triggered colitis in TCRα-deficient mice,with emphasis on spatial histopathologic changes and analysis of expression of inflammatory ***,we tested amelioration of colitis with ***:We confirmed that piroxicam induced a time-prescribed colitis and did so in the proximal colon as well as the cecum of TCRα-deficient *** adminis-tration was observed to induce epithelial hyperplasia,goblet cell loss,and leukocyte infiltration with occasional ulceration.A Swiss roll technique was used to examine the colon and cecum in its ***,we observed that inflammation was mul-tifocal segmental,with areas of tissue damage in between healthy *** addition,we observed variability in the severity of inflammation among replicate animals and treatments,and that the administration of dexamethasone only partially ameliorated inflammation in the proximal ***:Piroxicam consistently induced multifocal segmental colitis in the proxi-mal colon and cecum,although the degree of inflammation was reduced in the ***,spatial variability in inflammation in the large intestine and the inter-replicate variation in the severity of inflammation must be taken into consideration when utilizing this murine model of synchronized colitis.

关键词： colon dexamethasone histology induction inflammation knockout

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Seasonal variation and host sex affect bat–bat fly interaction networks in the Amazonian savannahs

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 400-416页

作者： Paulo MEJIA Gustavo Lima URBIETA Bruna da Silva XAVIER IsaíJorge de CASTRO JoséJúlio DE TOLEDO Gustavo GRACIOLLI Lucio AndréVIANA DIAS William douglas CARVALHO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Universidade Federal do Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto de BiologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Laboratório de Mamíferos Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá(IEPA)MacapáAPBrazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de SistemáticaEcologia e Evolução(LSEE)Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMTBrazil Terrestrial Ecology Group(TEG-UAM) Departamento de EcologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain

Bats are the second-most diverse group of mammals in the world,and bat flies are their main ***,significant knowledge gaps remain regarding these antagonistic interactions,especially since diverse factors such as seasonality and host sex can affect their network ***,we explore the influence of such factors by comparing species richness and composition of bat flies on host bats,as well as specialization and modularity of bat–bat fly interaction networks between seasons and adult host *** captured bats and collected their ectoparasitic flies at 10 sampling sites in the savannahs of AmapáState,northeastern region of the Brazilian *** female bats being more parasitized and recording greater bat fly species richness in the wet season,neither relationship was statistically *** pooled network could be divided into 15 compartments with 54 links,and all subnetworks comprised>12 *** total number of links ranged from 27 to 48(for the dry and wet seasons,respectively),and female and male subnetworks had 44 and 41 links,*** values were very low for the pooled network and for all *** results revealed higher bat fly species richness and abundance in the wet season,whereas specialization and modularity were higher in the dry ***,the subnetwork for female bats displayed higher specialization and modularity than the male ***,both seasonality and host sex contribute in different ways to bat–bat fly network *** studies should consider these factors when evaluating bat–bat fly interaction networks.

关键词： Amapá Amazon biome bat flies bats interaction networks

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外汇交易

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作者： (澳)亚历克斯·道格拉斯(alex douglas) (澳)拉里·洛夫伦契奇(Larry Lovrencic) (澳)彼得·庞蒂克斯(Peter Pontikis)

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Effectiveness of a fixed-depth sensor deployed from a buoy to estimate water-column cyanobacterial biomass depends on wind speed

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 23-29页

作者： Justin D.Chaffin douglas D.Kane alex Johnson F.T Stone Laboratory and Ohio Sea Grant the Ohio State UniversityOH 43456USA Division of Natural Science Applied Scienceand MathematicsDefiance CollegeDefiance OHF.T Stone LaboratoryThe Ohio State University and Ohio Sea GrantOH 43456USA

Water quality sondes have the advantage of containing multiple sensors,extended deployment times,high temporal resolution,and telecommunication with stakeholder accessible data ***,sondes that are part of buoy deployments often suffer from typically being fixed at one *** water treatment plants are interested in water quality at a depth of the water intake and other stakeholders(*** and swimmers)are interested in the surface,we examined whether a fixed depth of approximately 1 m could cause over-or under-estimation of cyanobacterial *** sampled the vertical distribution of cyanobacteria adjacent to a water quality sonde buoy in the western basin of Lake Erie during the summers of 2015–2017.A comparison of buoy cyanobacteria RFU(Relative Fluorescence Unit)at 1 m to cyanobacteria chlorophyll a(chla)measured throughout the water column showed occurrences when the buoy both under and overestimated the cyanobacteria chl a at specific *** differences between buoy measurements and at-depth grab samples occurred during low wind speeds(4.5 m/sec)resulted in better agreement between the buoy and at-depth *** wind speeds 12 hr before sample collection decreased the difference between the buoy and at-depth samples for high wind speeds but not low *** suggest that sondes should be placed at a depth of interest for the appropriate stakeholder group or deploy sondes with the ability to sample at various depths.

关键词： Buoyancy Harmful algal bloom Lake Erie Microcystis Water quality

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银河系搭车客指南

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第10期 16-19页

作者： douglas Adams

《银河系搭车客指南》是一部由英国著名科幻小说家道格拉斯·亚当斯创作的科幻小说。地球要被毁灭了,因为它所在的地方将修建一条超空间快速通道。主人公亚瑟·邓特和朋友福特活了下来,而福特其实是个外星人,是名著《银河系搭车客指南...

《银河系搭车客指南》是一部由英国著名科幻小说家道格拉斯·亚当斯创作的科幻小说。地球要被毁灭了,因为它所在的地方将修建一条超空间快速通道。主人公亚瑟·邓特和朋友福特活了下来,而福特其实是个外星人,是名著《银河系搭车客指南》派赴地球的研究员。两人开始了一场穿越银河的冒险,能够帮助他们的只有《银河系搭车客指南》一书中所包含的无限智慧。本文为节选。

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