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Effectiveness of a fixed-depth sensor.deployed fr.m a buoy to estimate water.column cyanobacter.al biomass depends on wind speed

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 23-29页

作者： Justin D.Chaffin douglas D.Kane Alex Johnson F.T Stone Labor.tor. and Ohio Sea Gr.nt the Ohio State UniversityOH 43456USA Division of Natur.l Science Applied Scienceand MathematicsDefiance CollegeDefiance OHF.T Stone LaboratoryThe Ohio State University and Ohio Sea GrantOH 43456USA

Water.quality sondes have the advantage of containing multiple sensor.,extended deployment times,high tempor.l r.solution,and telecommunication with stakeholder.accessible data ***,sondes that ar. par. of buoy deployments often suffer.fr.m typically being fixed at one *** water.tr.atment plants ar. inter.sted in water.quality at a depth of the water.intake and other.stakeholder.(*** and swimmer.)ar. inter.sted in the sur.ace,we examined whether.a fixed depth of appr.ximately 1 m could cause over.or.under.estimation of cyanobacter.al *** sampled the ver.ical distr.bution of cyanobacter.a adjacent to a water.quality sonde buoy in the wester. basin of Lake Er.e dur.ng the summer. of 2015–2017.A compar.son of buoy cyanobacter.a r.U(r.lative Fluor.scence Unit)at 1 m to cyanobacter.a chlor.phyll a(chla)measur.d thr.ughout the water.column showed occur.ences when the buoy both under.and over.stimated the cyanobacter.a chl a at specific *** differ.nces between buoy measur.ments and at-depth gr.b samples occur.ed dur.ng low wind speeds(r.a to accumulate at the sur.ace above the buoy’s *** wind speeds(>4.5 m/sec)r.sulted in better.agr.ement between the buoy and at-depth *** wind speeds 12 hr.befor. sample collection decr.ased the differ.nce between the buoy and at-depth samples for.high wind speeds but not low *** suggest that sondes should be placed at a depth of inter.st for.the appr.pr.ate stakeholder.gr.up or.deploy sondes with the ability to sample at var.ous depths.

关键词： Buoyancy Har.ful algal bloom Lake Er.e Micr.cystis Water.quality

Evaluation of ancestr. fr.m human skeletal r.mains: a concise r.view

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For.nsic Sciences r.sear.h 2020年第2期5卷 89-97页

作者： Eugenia Cunha douglas HUbelaker National Institute of Legal Medicine and For.nsic Sciences LisbonPortugal Labor.tor. of For.nsic Anthr.pology Centre for Functional EcologyDepartment of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Depar.ment of Anthr.pology National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCUSA

Ancestr. assessment r.pr.sents a major.component of for.nsic anthr.pological analysis of r.cover.d human *** of ancestr.,together.with other.aspects of the biological pr.file,can help nar.ow the sear.h of missing per.ons and contr.bute to eventual positive *** infor.ation can pr.ve useful to author.ties involved in the identification and investigative pr.cess since many lists of missing per.ons have a r.fer.nce to this *** r.sear.h has str.ngthened available methodologies involving metr.c,non-metr.c mor.hological as well as chemical and genetic *** r.view addr.sses the new anthr.pological techniques that ar. now available,as well as the complex histor.cal context r.lated to ancestr. evaluation.

关键词： For.nsic sciences for.nsic anthr.pology ancestr. estimation skeletal r.mains

Evaluation of H3A for.Deter.ination of Plant Available P vs. FeAlO Str.ps

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Open Jour.al of Soil Science 2016年第11期6卷 175-187页

作者： r.char. L. Haney Elizabeth B. Haney r. Dar.n Har.el douglas r. Smith Mike J. White Gr.ssland Soil and Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Temple TX USA Texas Agr. Life r.sear.h and Extension Center Texas A&M University Temple TX USA

Phosphor.s is an essential nutr.ent for.plant gr.wth but in excess is a sour.e of envir.nmental pollution. Fer.ilizer.additions of P ar. r.commended based on soil tests;however. the commonly applied P extr.ctants ar. often applied outside of their.design cr.ter.a (specifically soil pH). As a r.sult, soil tests can pr.duce inaccur.te estimates of plant available P in the soil, which either.incr.ases P loss in r.noff, contr.buting to eutr.phication, or.decr.ases cr.p pr.duction contr.buting to economic loss. In this study, 200 diver.e soils fr.m acr.ss the US wer. extr.cted with Mehlich 3, water. H3A-3, and FeAlO str.ps. Compar.son with FeAlO was cr.tical, as this method is accepted as the “gold standar.” for.plant-available P, but it is r.r.ly used in commer.ial labs because of time and financial constr.ints. H3A-3 pr.duced mean, median, standar. deviations that ar. ver. similar.to FeAlO str.p r.sults and low r.lative er.or. (r.elated r.gr.ssion r.lationships (r.sup>2 > 0.96 with slopes 0.95 - 0.98). Although Mehlich 3 and water.wer. cor.elated with FeAlO, Mehlich 3 (str.ngly acidic) extr.cted much mor. P than FeAlO, and water.(low buffer.ng capacity) extr.cted much less P acr.ss the r.nge of soil pH values. Thus, H3A-3 pr.vides an impr.ved methodology to accur.tely deter.ine plant-available P by mimicking r.ot exudate action in the soil, while avoiding the time-consuming and costly FeAlO pr.cedur.. In the face of high-pr.file water.quality impair.ents with enor.ous economic costs, such advancements ar. cr.tical to balance agr.nomic pr.duction with envir.nmental concer.s.

关键词： Soil Testing Soil Extr.ction Soil Test Phosphor.s

Tr.nsition to for.foot str.ke r.duces load r.tes mor. effectively than alter.d cadence

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Jour.al of Spor. and Health Science 2020年第3期9卷 248-257页

作者： Er.n E.Futr.ll K.douglas Gr.ss Dar.y r.isman David r.Mullineaux Ir.ne S.Davis Depar.ment of Physical Ther.py Springfield CollegeSpringfieldMA 01109USA Spaulding National r.nning Center Harvard Medical SchoolCambridgeMA 02138USA Depar.ment of Physical Ther.py MGH Institute of Health ProfessionsBostonMA 02129USA Depar.ment of Physical Ther.py University of DelawareNewarkDE 19713USA School of Spor. and Exer.ise Science University of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnBrayford PoolLN67TSUK Depar.ment of Physical Medicine and r.habilitation Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Backgr.und: Excessive ver.ical impacts at landing ar. associated with common r.nning injur.es. Two pr.mar. gait-r.tr.ining inter.entions aimed at r.ducing impact for.es ar. tr.nsition to for.foot str.ke and incr.asing cadence. The objective of this study was to compar. the shor.and long-ter. effects of 2 gait-r.tr.ining inter.entions aimed at r.ducing landing ***: A total of 39 healthy r.cr.ational r.nner. using a r.ar.oot str.ke and a cadence of 170 steps/min wer. r.ndomized into cadence(CAD) or.for.foot str.ke(FFS) gr.ups. All par.icipants per.or.ed 4 weeks of str.ngthening followed by 8 sessions of gait-r.tr.ining using auditor. feedback. Ver.ical aver.ge load r.tes(VALr. and ver.ical instantaneous load r.tes(VILr. wer. calculated fr.m the ver.ical gr.und r.action for.e cur.e. Both cadence and foot str.ke angle wer. measur.d using 3D motion analysis and an instr.mented tr.admill at baseline and at 1 week,1 month, and 6 months post ***: ANOVA r.vealed that the FFS gr.up had significant r.ductions in VALr.49.7%) and VILr.41.7%), and changes wer. maintained long ter.. Foot str.ke angle in the FFS gr.up changed fr.m 14.2° dor.iflexion at baseline to 3.4° plantar.lexion, with changes maintained long ter.. The CAD gr.up exhibited significant r.duction only in VALr.16%) and only at 6 months. Both gr.ups had significant and similar.incr.ases in cadence at all follow-ups(CAD, +7.2% to 173 steps/min;and FFS, +6.1% to 172 steps/min).Conclusion: For.foot str.ke gait-r.tr.ining r.sulted in significantly gr.ater.r.ductions in VALr.and similar.incr.ases in cadence compar.d to cadence gait-r.tr.ining in the shor. and long ter.. Cadence gait-r.tr.ining r.sulted in small r.ductions in VALr.at only the 6-month follow-up.

关键词： Foot str.ke Gait-r.tr.ining Physical ther.py r.nning Step r.te

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填充设计的最大部分平行类

中国科学：数学 2023年第2期53卷 217-232页

作者： douglas r.Stinson 卫瑞中 David r.Cher.ton School of Computer.Science University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Depar.ment of Computer.Science Lakehead UniversityThunder BayON L3V 0B9Canada

设整数β(ρ,v,k)是最大部分平行类大小为ρ的任意(v,k)-填充设计中所包含的最大区组数目.对于k=3,该问题由Stinson (2021)引入并研究.本文主要研究k=4的情形,获得β(ρ,v,4)的上下界.本文给出最大部分平行类大小为ρ的(v,4)-填充设计... 详细信息

设整数β(ρ,v,k)是最大部分平行类大小为ρ的任意(v,k)-填充设计中所包含的最大区组数目.对于k=3,该问题由Stinson (2021)引入并研究.本文主要研究k=4的情形,获得β(ρ,v,4)的上下界.本文给出最大部分平行类大小为ρ的(v,4)-填充设计的具体构造.对于小的ρ值,所构造的填充设计的区组数非常靠近上界β(ρ,v,4).本文的一些方法可以推广到k>4的情形.

关键词：最大部分平行类填充设计最优设计组合设计

Identification of a decedent in a 103-year.old homicide case using for.nsic anthr.pology and genetic genealogy

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For.nsic Sciences r.sear.h 2022年第3期7卷 412-426页

作者： Amy r.Michael Samantha H.Blatt Mar.yam Isa Anthony r.dgr.ve douglas H.Ubelaker Depar.ment of Anthr.pology University of New HampshireDurhamNCUSA Depar.ment of Anthr.pology Idaho State UniversityPocatelloIDUSA Depar.ment of Anthr.pology Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA r.dgr.ve r.sear.h For.nsic Ser.ices OrangeCAUSA Depar.ment of Anthr.pology National Museum of Natural HistorySmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCUS

Anthr.pologists ar. often the custodians of long-ter. unidentified human r.mains though their.positions as cur.tor. of univer.ity or.museum skeletal *** factor. decr.ase the solvability of these legacy cases including the passage of time,the loss of pr.venience for.specific cases,and lack of documentation or.case *** anthr.pologists can contr.bute impor.ant infor.ation towar. identification,it is often necessar. to explor. novel and cr.ss-disciplinar. str.tegies to r.solve difficult cold *** long cold cases,the postmor.em inter.al,in par.icular.may be difficult to estimate leading to fur.her.challenges in achieving *** advances in r.diocar.on bomb pulse dating,isotope analysis,and actualistic studies have contr.buted to positive identification of unidentified human r.mains in some legacy cases,but may not be available to all for.nsic pr.ctitioner. and law enfor.ement fr.m r.sour.e-poor.*** r.sour.es,as well as collabor.ting with pr.fessionals outside of for.nsic anthr.pology,is a useful str.tegy to pur.ue when anthr.pological methods ar. *** case study pr.sented her. demonstr.tes a collabor.tive appr.ach between for.nsic anthr.pologists,for.nsic genetic genealogists,and law enfor.ement in a centur.-old *** dismember.d and mummified par.s of a male body wer. r.cover.d in a r.mote cave in 1979 and again in *** for.nsic anthr.pologists cr.ating and updating the biological pr.file over.the decades fr.m r.cover. to pr.sent,no identification was made until the application of for.nsic genetic genealogy(FGG)to the case in *** inter.r.tations of bone micr.str.ctur. and tr.uma analysis ar. pr.sented for.the case,alongside the histor.cal documentation and“pr.of of life”evidence used by the genealogy team.A r.view of the FGG methods under.cor.s the challenges in this case(*** endogamy,multiple aliases used by the victim)and the steps taken towar. ***,a co

关键词： For.nsic sciences for.nsic anthr.pology for.nsic genetic genealogy human identification cold case investigative genetic genealogy postmor.em inter.al skeletal tr.uma

Potential influence of wildfir. in modulating climate-induced for.st r.distr.bution in a centr.l r.cky Mountain landscape

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Ecological Pr.cesses 2017年第1期6卷 52-68页

作者： John L.Campbell douglas J.Shinneman Depar.ment of For.st Ecosystems and Society Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA U.S.Geological Sur.ey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science CenterBoiseIDUSA.

Intr.duction:Climate change is expected to impose significant tension on the geogr.phic distr.bution of tr.e ***,tr.e species r.nge shifts may be delayed by their.long life spans,capacity to withstand long per.ods of physiological str.ss,and disper.al *** could theor.tically br.ak this biological iner.ia by killing for.st canopies and facilitating species r.distr.bution under.changing *** investigated the capacity of wildfir. to modulate climate-induced tr.e r.distr.bution acr.ss a montane landscape in the centr.l r.cky Mountains under.thr.e climate scenar.os(contempor.r. and two war.er.futur. climates)and thr.e wildfir. scenar.os(r.pr.senting histor.cal,suppr.ssed,and futur. fir. r.gimes).Methods:Distr.butions of four.common tr.e species wer. pr.jected over.90 year. by pair.ng a climate niche model with a for.st landscape simulation model that simulates species disper.al,establishment,and mor.ality under.alter.ative distur.ance r.gimes and climate ***:Thr.e species(douglas-fir.lodgepole pine,subalpine fir.declined in abundance over.time,due to climate-dr.ven contr.ction in ar.a suitable for.establishment,while one species(ponder.sa pine)was unable to exploit climate-dr.ven expansion of ar.a suitable for.*** fir. fr.quency acceler.ted declines in ar.a occupied by douglas-fir.lodgepole pine,and subalpine fir.and it maintained local abundance but not r.nge expansion of ponder.sa ***:Wildfir. may play a lar.er.r.le in eliminating these conifer.species along tr.iling edges of their.distr.butions than facilitating establishment along leading edges,in par. due to disper.al limitations and inter.pecific competition,and futur. populations may incr.asingly depend on per.istence in locations unfavor.ble for.their.establishment.

关键词： For.st distur.ance Wildfir. Climate change Centr.l r.cky Mountains Climate niche Species migr.tion Species distr.bution

Measur.ng the Effectiveness of the Chinese Innovation System:A Global Value Chain Appr.ach

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Innovation Studies 2017年第1期1卷 57-71页

作者： douglas Zhihua Zeng Tianjin Nor.al Univer.ity 393 West Binshui Ave.Tianjin 300387China Wor.d Bank 1818 H St.WashingtonDC 20433USA Univer.ity of Inter.ational Business&Economics 10 Huixin DongjieChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029China Xi’an Jiaotong‐Liver.ool Univer.ity No.111 RenʹailuSuzhouJiangsu 215123China

This paper.study ar.ues that some disr.ptive new tr.nds ar. sur.acing with the emer.ence of new technologies,which makes an efficient and effective r.D and innovation system even mor. r.levant for.any countr. to compete at a global *** this backdr.p,the study tr.es to measur. the effectiveness of the Chinese innovation system,using the“r.D spending as per.entage of GDP”as the input var.able and the“contr.bution of r.D and r.lated business activities to the value‐added manufactur.ng expor.s”as the output *** on a 59‐countr. sample in the OECD‐WTO TiVA database,the r.gr.ssion r.sults show a significant and positive cor.elation between the two *** findings also complement with other.existing empir.cal and qualitative studies in this *** over.ll findings show that China has achieved significant efficiency and effectiveness in its innovation system compar.d with many other.countr.es;in fact,since 2009,the efficiency has ***,it still lags behind the major.global *** means China still has some r.om to impr.ve in or.er.to tr.nsfor. its incr.asing inputs in r.D and technology innovation into commensur.te *** situation calls for.fur.her.impr.vements in its innovation ecosystem.

关键词： Innovation China Global Value Chain r.D Tr.de

Dietar. cholester.l pr.motes gr.wth and ecdysone signalling pathway by modulating cholester.l tr.nspor. in swimming cr.bs(Por.unus tr.tuber.ulatus)

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Animal Nutr.tion 2022年第3期10卷 249-260页

作者： Tingting Zhu Qicun Zhou Zheng Yang Yingying Zhang Jiaxiang Luo Xiangsheng Zhang Yuedong Shen Lefei Jiao douglas r.Tocher.Min Jin Labor.tor. of Fish and Shellfish Nutr.tion School of Marine SciencesNingbo University315211 NingboChina Guangdong Pr.vincial Key Labor.tor. of Mar.ne Biotechnology Institute of Marine SciencesShantou University515063 ShantouChina

Cholester.l,as an indispensable nutr.ent,r.gulates molting and gr.wth in *** cr.staceans ar. unable to biosynthesize cholester.l de novo,it is centr.l to under.tand how dietar. cholester.l affects molting in *** 8-week feeding tr.al was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietar. cholester.l level(0.12%,0.43%,0.79%,1.00%,1.30%and 2.50%)on gr.wth,cholester.l metabolism and expr.ssion of genes r.lated to lipid and ecdysone metabolism in female swimming cr.bs(Por.unus tr.tuber.ulatus).A total of 192 cr.bs(1.41±0.05 g)wer. r.ndomly distr.buted into 192 *** tr.atment had 4 r.plicates with each r.plicate containing 8 *** fed the 1.00%cholester.l diet showed best gr.wth per.or.ance,and thus based on per.ent weight gain,the optimal dietar. cholester.l r.quir.ment was calculated at 1.01%.Tissue cholester.l concentr.tions wer. positively cor.elated with dietar. cholester.l *** contents of functional fatty acids in hepatopancr.as significantly incr.ased as dietar. cholester.l incr.ased fr.m 0.12%to 2.50%(Pr.ssion levels of genes r.lated to lipogenesis pathway,lipid catabolism and fatty acid oxidation wer. significantly downr.gulated with incr.ased dietar. cholester.l level(Pr.ssion levels of cholester.l tr.nspor. genes,low-density lipopr.tein r.ceptor.ldlr.and low-density lipopr.tein r.ceptor.elated pr.tein 2(lr.2)occur.ed in cr.bs fed the 1.30%cholester.l ***,hor.ones r.lated to molting such as cr.stacean hyper.lycemic hor.one(CHH),methyl far.esoate(MF),molt-inhibiting hor.one(MIH),and ecdysone in hemolymph wer. significantly influenced by dietar. cholester.l level(Pr.ssion levels of ecdysone r.ceptor.ecr.and chitinase 1(chi1)in eyestalk and hepatopancr.as wer. found in cr.bs fed the diet containing 1.00%cholester.l(Pr. level was beneficial to functional fatty acid accumulation,r.gulated lipid metabolism,pr.moted the ecdysone s

关键词： Por.unus tr.tuber.ulatus Cholester.l Lipid metabolism Ecdysone signalling pathway