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我国大气电学研究的最新进展

大气科学 2024年第1期48卷 51-75页

作者：郄秀书朱江皖底绍轩骆烁名黄子凡刘冬霞张鸿波袁善锋刘明远孙竹玲徐晨孙春发王东方蒋如斌杨静中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室(LAGEO) 北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

大气电学主要研究地球大气和近地空间发生的电学过程及其机理和影响,其核心研究内容是雷电物理和雷暴电学。自1980年代以来,中国大气电学研究不断取得新的进展,特别是近年来,得益于高时间分辨率雷电探测技术的进步,大气电学研究不仅在... 详细信息

大气电学主要研究地球大气和近地空间发生的电学过程及其机理和影响,其核心研究内容是雷电物理和雷暴电学。自1980年代以来,中国大气电学研究不断取得新的进展,特别是近年来,得益于高时间分辨率雷电探测技术的进步,大气电学研究不仅在雷电物理学和雷暴云电荷结构方面取得了重要成果,也在雷电和雷暴对近地空间的影响、强对流天气的雷电特征、以及雷电资料同化和预警预报等方面取得了重要进展。本文从六个方面对近五年来大气电学的主要研究进展进行回顾,包括高精度雷电探测和定位技术、雷电物理过程和机制、雷暴对中上层大气的影响、雷暴云电荷结构的观测和数值模拟、强对流天气的雷电特征与预报、雷电对气候变化的影响与响应等,最后对大气电学未来发展进行展望。

关键词：大气电学雷暴雷电强对流天气资料同化和预警预报

Algorithms and statistical analysis for linear structured weighted total least squares problem

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 177-188页

作者： Jian Xie Tianwei Qiu Cui Zhou dongfang Lin Sichun Long School of Earth Science and Spatial Information Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China College of Science Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410018China National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Geo-spatial Information Technology Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Weighted total least squares(WTLS)have been regarded as the standard tool for the errors-in-variables(EIV)model in which all the elements in the observation vector and the coefficient matrix are contaminated with random ***,in many geodetic applications,some elements are error-free and some random observations appear repeatedly in different positions in the augmented coefficient *** is called the linear structured EIV(LSEIV)*** kinds of methods are proposed for the LSEIV model from functional and stochastic *** the one hand,the functional part of the LSEIV model is modified into the errors-in-observations(EIO)*** the other hand,the stochastic model is modified by applying the Moore-Penrose inverse of the cofactor *** algorithms are derived through the Lagrange multipliers method and linear *** estimation principles and iterative formula of the parameters are proven to be *** first-order approximate variance-covariance matrix(VCM)of the parameters is also derived.A numerical example is given to compare the performances of our proposed three algorithms with the STLS ***,the least squares(LS),total least squares(TLS)and linear structured weighted total least squares(LSWTLS)solutions are compared and the accuracy evaluation formula is proven to be feasible and ***,the LSWTLS is applied to the field of deformation analysis,which yields a better result than the traditional LS and TLS estimations.

关键词： Linear structured weighted total least squares Errors-in-variables Errors-in-observations Functional modelmodification Stochastic model modification Accuracyevaluation

Enhanced electric-field induced strain in Eu^(3+) doped 0.67BiFeO_(3)-0.33BaTiO_(3) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1747-1754,I0004页

作者： Wei Li Tongxiang Liang Xiang He Vyunov Oleg dongfang Pang Shan Wu College of Rare Earths Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Ultrastructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800China

Lead-free ferroelectric ceramics,0.67Bi_(1-x)Eu_(x)FeO_(3)-0.33BaTiO_(3)(BF-BT-xEu,x=0-0.02),were prepared via a solid-state reaction,The effect of Eu^(3+) doping on the microstructure,dielectric properties,ferroelectric properties,and electric-field-induced strain was *** X-ray diffraction(XRD) results indicate the presence of a mixed phase of tetragonal and rhombohedral at the morphotropic phase boundary(MPB).Doping with an appropriate amount of Eu^(3+) reduces the Fe^(3+) content and decreases the leakage current in the binary system.A converse piezoelectric coefficient(d_(33)*) of 392 pm/V is obtained at BF-BT-0.003Eu under an electric field of 60 kV/cm at room temperature,which has a Curie temperature(T_(C)) of 414℃,The unipolar strain and d_(33)* of BF-BT-0.003Eu ceramics increase to 0.438%and 730 pm/V at 125℃ The field-induced strain response of the BF-BT-0.003Eu ceramics is greater than that of 0.67BF-0.33BT,mainly due to its optimal grain size,reduction of leakage current,and coexistence of ferroelectric-relaxation phases,BF-BT-0.003Eu ceramic is a lead-free candidate for high-temperature actuator applications.

关键词： Ferroelectric Field-induced strain Ceramics Lead-free Rare earths

Dietary Supplementation of β-Carotene Reveals miRNAs Involved in the Regulation of Carotenoid Metabolism in Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 1045-1053页

作者： SUN dongfang WAN Sai YU Hong KONG Lingfeng LI Qi Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Carotenoids play crucial physiological roles in animals.A comprehensive investigation into the mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in oysters will establish a theoretical foundation for further development of its carotenoid-rich ***,the information on the function of miRNA in β-carotene metabolism in oysters is *** elucidate the mechanisms underlying miRNA regulation of carotenoid metabolism in oysters,we compared the expressions of miRNA in digestive gland tissues of Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)fed with aβ-carotene supplemented diet and a normal diet,respectively.A total of 690 candidate miRNAs in the Pacific oyster digestive gland tissues were identified,including 590 known miRNAs and 111 unknown *** differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained in the carotenoid-fed and normal groups,associated to 137 differentially expressed target ***,the GO enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed target genes were mainly involved in transmembrane transport *** enrichment showed that the differentially expressed target genes were involved in ABC *** of the mRNA-miRNA network revealed that novel0025 played a central role in carotenoid metabolism,and it was negatively correlated with the expression of 46 *** addition,down-regulated expression of novel0025 upregulated the expression of the lipoprotein gene LOC105342186,suggesting a potential regulatory role in carotenoid *** results provide useful information for elucidating the miRNA regulation mechanism during carotenoids metabolism in the Pacific oyster.

关键词： Crassostrea gigas β-carotene microRNA carotenoid metabolism

The efficacy assessment of convalescent plasma therapy for COVID-19 patients:a multi-center case series

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 651-662页

作者： Hao Zeng dongfang wang Jingmin Nie Haoyu Liang Jiang Gu Anne Zhao Lixin Xu Chunhui Lang Xiaoping Cui Xiaolan Guo Changlong Zhou Haibo Li Bin Guo Jinyong Zhang Qiang wang Li Fang Wen Liu Yishan Huang Wei Mao Yaokai Chen Quanming Zou National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Department of Microbiology and Biochemical PharmacyCollege of Pharmacy and Laboratory MedicineThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burn and Combined InjuryThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingP.R.China Institute of Blood Transfusion Chongqing Blood CenterChongqingP.R.China Chongqing Public Health Medical Central ChongqingP.R.China Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Product ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijingP.R.China Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital&Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital ChongqingP.R.China Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College NanchongP.R.China Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ChongqingP.R.China

Convalescent plasma(CP)transfusion has been indicated as a promising therapy in the treatment for other emerging viral ***,the quality control of CP and individual variation in patients in different studies make it rather difficult to evaluate the efficacy and risk of CP therapy for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We aimed to explore the potential efficacy of CP therapy,and to assess the possible factors associated with its *** enrolled eight critical or severe COVID-19 patients from four *** patient was transfused with 200–400mL of CP from seven recovered *** primary indicators for clinical efficacy assessment were the changes of clinical symptoms,laboratory parameters,and radiological image after CP *** donors had a wide range of antibody levels measured by serology tests which were to some degree correlated with the neutralizing antibody(NAb)*** adverse events were observed during and after CP *** CP transfusion,six out of eight patients showed improved oxygen support status;chest CT indicated varying degrees of absorption of pulmonary lesions in six patients within 8 days;the viral load was decreased to a negative level in five patients who had the previous viremia;other laboratory parameters also tended to improve,including increased lymphocyte counts,decreased C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,and indicators for liver *** clinical efficacy might be associated with CP transfusion time,transfused dose,and the NAb levels of *** study indicated that CP might be a potential therapy for severe patients with COVID-19.

关键词： patients transfusion fused

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巩县石窟寺供养伎乐研究

音乐研究 2023年第4期37卷 72-79,100页

作者：王东方河南新乡学院音乐学院

巩县石窟寺壁基供养伎乐造像的身份为《法华经》中所讲的“妙音菩萨”,乃音声供养之乐神。乐伎所持乐器既有西域乐器,又有中原传统乐器。通过比较北魏石窟承继关系,推断其具有西凉乐用乐特征。以西凉乐为主导,是其时国家用乐在皇家石窟... 详细信息

巩县石窟寺壁基供养伎乐造像的身份为《法华经》中所讲的“妙音菩萨”,乃音声供养之乐神。乐伎所持乐器既有西域乐器,又有中原传统乐器。通过比较北魏石窟承继关系,推断其具有西凉乐用乐特征。以西凉乐为主导,是其时国家用乐在皇家石窟寺中用以“供养”的显现。

关键词：巩县石窟寺供养伎乐西凉乐国家用乐

政府数据开放视域下政府首席数据官制度的必要性及其构建

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中国科技论坛 2022年第7期 140-146,177页

作者：王东方北京航空航天大学法学院北京100191

政府首席数据官制度是推动政府依法履行数据开放职责、提高数据开放质量、保障国家数据安全的重要举措。通过全维度检视政府数据开放的逻辑与困境,明确政府首席数据官制度的必要性,从政府首席数据官的选任、职责以及评价机制等多角度进... 详细信息

政府首席数据官制度是推动政府依法履行数据开放职责、提高数据开放质量、保障国家数据安全的重要举措。通过全维度检视政府数据开放的逻辑与困境,明确政府首席数据官制度的必要性,从政府首席数据官的选任、职责以及评价机制等多角度进行制度构建。研究发现,政府首席数据官的职责包括数据安全管理职责、数据生产职责以及数据开放的统筹、实施与评估职责。政府首席数据官的设置应坚持混合型模式,并在整体上从横向与纵向进行机构配置。政府首席数据官的选任应契合政府数据开放的专业性需求,从经验导向型向知识导向型转变。政府首席数据官的评价机制包括内部与外部两种,内部评价机制应由行政机关主导,外部评价机制应由第三方主导。

关键词：政府数据开放政府首席数据官制度必要性制度构建

职场电子监控的法律规制——以比例原则为核心的分析

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东北大学学报（社会科学版） 2023年第3期25卷 116-123页

作者：王东方北京航空航天大学法学院北京100191

劳动关系中用人单位基于“实施人力资源管理所必需”虽可无需取得劳动者同意而对其进行职场电子监控,但该种监控权力的行使并非是任意的,其应受到比例原则的限制。职场电子监控的法律规制应包含“实体”与“程序”两方面。就“实体”规... 详细信息

劳动关系中用人单位基于“实施人力资源管理所必需”虽可无需取得劳动者同意而对其进行职场电子监控,但该种监控权力的行使并非是任意的,其应受到比例原则的限制。职场电子监控的法律规制应包含“实体”与“程序”两方面。就“实体”规制而言:当用人单位基于“实施人力资源管理所必需”而对劳动者进行职场电子监控时,用人单位进行的电子监控应满足适当性、必要性以及均衡性的要求;当用人单位通过取得劳动者“同意”的方式而对其进行职场电子监控时,劳动者的“同意”应受到严格的限制。就“程序”规制而言:用人单位在对劳动者进行职场电子监控前,应尽到事先告知义务。

关键词：《民法典》《个人信息保护法》职场电子监控比例原则

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涉数据权利的区分及其保护的应然路径

图书馆建设 2022年第3期 44-51页

作者：王东方北京航空航天大学法学院

涉数据权利主要包括个人数据权与个人信息权,两者有本质的差异。研究个人数据与个人信息内在的生成、作用机制,可以明晰个人数据权与个人信息权的内涵指向,并为不同权利主体的保护提供优化策略。通过解构不同场域中个人信息的生成逻辑,... 详细信息

涉数据权利主要包括个人数据权与个人信息权,两者有本质的差异。研究个人数据与个人信息内在的生成、作用机制,可以明晰个人数据权与个人信息权的内涵指向,并为不同权利主体的保护提供优化策略。通过解构不同场域中个人信息的生成逻辑,厘清个人数据权与个人信息权的权利归属及其法益保护对象,探讨出个人数据与个人信息保护的应然路径:(1)个人数据权是一项人格权,归属于数据生成主体,表征的是数据生成主体之人格利益;个人信息权是一项财产权,归属于数据处理主体,表征的是数据处理主体之财产利益。(2)个人数据权是绝对权,个人数据的使用需数据生成主体的授权;个人信息权是财产权,但数据处理主体不得侵犯数据生成主体之人格利益。

关键词：民法典个人数据权个人信息权人格利益财产利益