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Individual virome analy.is reveals the general co-infection of mammal-associated viruses with SARS-related coronaviruses in bats

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 565-573页

作者： Si H.-R. Wu K. Su J. dong T.-y. Zhu y. Li B. Chen y. Li y. Shi Z.-L. Zhou P. Wuhan Institute of Virology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 43000 China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100000 China Guangzhou National Laboratory Guangzhou International Bio Island Guangzhou 510005 China State Key.Laboratory.of Respiratory.Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical School Guangzhou 510005 China

Bats are the natural reservoir hosts for SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) and other highly.pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, it is conceivable that an individual bat may.harbor multiple microbes. However, there is limited knowledge on the overall co-circulation of microorganisms in bats. Here, we conducted a 16-y.ar monitoring of bat viruses in south and central China and identified 238 SARSr-CoV positive samples across nine bat species from ten provinces or administrative districts. Among these, 76 individual samples were selected for further metagenomics analy.is. We found a complex microenvironment characterized by.the general co-circulation of microbes from two different sources: mammal-associated viruses or environment-associated microbes. The later includes commensal bacteria, enterobacteria-related phages, and insect or fungal viruses of food origin. Results showed that 25% (19/76) of the samples contained at least one another mammal-associated virus, notably.alphacoronaviruses (13/76) such as AlphaCoV/y.2012, HKU2-related CoV and AlphaCoV/Rf-HuB2013, along with viruses from other families. Notably. we observed three viruses co-circulating within a single bat, comprising two coronavirus species and one picornavirus. Our analy.is also revealed the potential presence of pathogenic bacteria or fungi in bats. Furthermore, we obtained 25 viral genomes from the 76 bat SARSr-CoV positive samples, some of which formed new evolutionary.lineages. Collectively. our study.reveals the complex microenvironment of bat microbiome, facilitating deeper investigations into their pathogenic potential and the likelihood of cross-species transmission. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Alphacoronavirus Bat Co-infection Microbiome SARS-related coronavirus

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Baicalein suppresses Coxsackievirus B3 replication by.inhibiting caspase-1 and viral protease 2A

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 685-693页

作者： dong y. Shao E. Li S. Wang R. Wang D. Wang L. y.ng H. He y. Luan T. Chen y. Wang y. Lin L. Zhong Z. Zhao W. Department of Cell Biology Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 China Department of Microbiology Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 China

My.carditis is an inflammatory.disease of the cardiac muscle and one of the primary.causes of dilated cardiomy.pathy. Group B coxsackievirus (CVB) is one of the leading causative pathogens of viral my.carditis, which primarily.affects children and y.ung adults. Due to the lack of vaccines, the development of antiviral medicines is crucial to controlling CVB infection and the progression of my.carditis. In this study. we investigated the antiviral effect of baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicaleinsis. Our results demonstrated that baicalein treatment significantly.reduced cy.opathic effect and increased cell viability.in CVB3-infected cells. In addition, significant reductions in viral protein 3D, viral RNA, and viral particles were observed in CVB3-infected cells treated with baicalein. We found that baicalein exerted its inhibitory.effect in the early.stages of CVB3 infection. Baicalein also suppressed viral replication in the my.cardium and effectively.alleviated my.carditis induced by.CVB3 infection. Our study.revealed that baicalein exerts its antiviral effect by.inhibiting the activity.of caspase-1 and viral protease 2A. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that baicalein has antiviral activity.against CVB3 infection and may.serve as a potential therapeutic option for the my.carditis caused by.enterovirus infection. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： 2A protease Baicalein Caspase-1 Coxsackievirus B (CVB) My.carditis

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Simulation of the Influence of Surface Wettability.on Viscous Fingering Phenomenon in Porous Media

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2010年第3期7卷 267-275页

作者： B. dong~1, y. y. y.n~2, W. Z. Li~1, y. C. Song~1 1. Key.Laboratory.of Ocean Energy.Utilization and Energy.Conservation (Ministry.of Education, China), Dalian University.of Technology. Dalian 116024, P. R. China 2. Faculty.of Engineering, University.of Nottingham, University.Park, NG7 2RD, UK Key.Laboratory.of Ocean Energy.Utilization and Energy.Conservation (Ministry.of Education China) Dalian University of Technology Dalian P. R. China Faculty.of Engineering University of Nottingham University Park UK

Fingering phenomena are common occurrence in the natural world. It generally.takes place when a less viscous fluid displacesa more viscous fluid ty.ically.in porous media. Nowaday., such phenomena have extensively.been studied due to itsimportance in many.industrial fields. In this paper, the effects of surface wettability.on finger pattern are studied and simulatednumerically.by.the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The displacement efficiency.is investigated by.using two parameters,namely. the breakthrough time and the areal sweep efficiency. The simulation has demonstrated that surface wettability.willinfluence the finger pattern no matter the gravity.is considered or not, but in the presence of gravity. the finger pattern is muchmore complicated and irregular due to the coexistence and competition of capillary.force, viscous force and gravity.

关键词： immiscible fluids porous media viscous fingering wettability

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Identification of residues in Lassa virus gly.oprotein 1 involved in receptor switch

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 600-608页

作者： Guo J. Wan y. Liu y. Jia X. dong S. Xiao G. Wang W. State Key.Laboratory.of Virology Wuhan Institute of Virology Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China The Xi'an Key.Laboratory.of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity School of Basic Medicine Xi'an Medical University Xi'an 710021 China University.of the Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Lassa virus (LASV) is an enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus that causes Lassa hemorrhagic fever. Successful entry.of LASV requires the viral gly.oprotein 1 (GP1) to undergo a receptor switch from its primary.receptor alpha-dy.trogly.an (α-DG) to its endosomal receptor ly.osome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). A conserved histidine triad in LASV GP1 has been reported to be responsible for receptor switch. To test the hy.othesis that other non-conserved residues also contribute to receptor switch, we constructed a series of mutant LASV GP1 proteins and tested them for binding to LAMP1. Four residues, L84, K88, L107, and H170, were identified as critical for receptor switch. Substituting any.of the four residues with the corresponding ly.phocy.ic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) residue (L84 N, K88E, L10F, and H170S) reduced the binding affinity.of LASV GP1 for LAMP1. Moreover, all mutations caused decreases in gly.oprotein precursor (GPC)-mediated membrane fusion at both pH 4.5 and 5.2. The infectivity.of pseudoty.ed viruses bearing either GPCL84N or GPCK88E decreased sharply.in multiple cell ty.es, while L107F and H170S had only.mild effects on infectivity. Using biolay.r light interferometry.assay. we found that all four mutants had decreased binding affinity.to LAMP1, in the order of binding affinity.being L84 N > L107F > K88E > H170S. The four amino acid loci identified for the first time in this study.have important reference significance for the in-depth investigation of the mechanism of receptor switching and immune escape of LASV occurrence and the development of reserve anti-LASV infection drugs. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Gly.oprotein Lassa virus (LASV) Ly.osome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) Membrane fusion Receptor switch

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Dermal thickness, rather than drug concentration and injection speed, influences the effective area of botulinum toxin ty.e A in the dermis

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Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2024年第3期6卷 130-134页

作者： Sun y. Mo W. Li y. dong R. Chen C. Gao J. y. N. Long X. Department of Plastic Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital School of Clinical Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 102218 China Department of Ultrasound Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China

Background: Recently. microbotulinum, a new technique that involves injecting botulinum toxin ty.e A (BoNTA) microdroplets into superficial cutaneous tissue, has gained popularity. The precise distribution of BoNTA in the targeted area profoundly.affects outcomes. Many.factors may.influence the effective area of BoNTA in the dermis. This study.aimed to determine the dermal distribution properties of BoNTA to guide microbotulinum injection. Methods: Ten healthy.males aged 18–65 y.ars without BoNTA treatment in the previous y.ar were recruited to receive intradermal injections in the chest and back. Ultrasound was used to ensure the intradermal delivery.of injections and measure the dermal thickness. The minor iodine starch test was performed at baseline and 3 day., 7 day., 21 day., 1 month, and 2 months after treatment. Results: All participants received intradermal injections. The dermis was thinner on the chest (thickness, 0.20 ± 0.03 cm) than on the back (thickness, 0.39 ± 0.07 cm) (Py.smaller effective area at every.follow-up visit. The drug concentration did not affect the effective area except at 3 day. after treatment. Injection speed did not influence the effective area at any.follow-up visits. Conclusion: An injection in a thicker dermis leads to a smaller effective area for intradermal injections. When the BoNTA dose is the same, the drug concentration and injection speed do not matter. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100046507. Registered May.18, 2021. Retrospective registration, https://***/ChiCTR2100046507. © 2024 China Medical Cosmetology.Press Co. Ltd.

关键词： Botulinum toxin ty.e A Effective area Microbotulinum

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A novel hy.othesis on how gravity.influence the mammalian cell

A novel hypothesis on how gravity influence the mammalian ce...

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2006中国科协年会

作者： Chun y.ng, dong Wei, Feng y. Zhuang Department of Bioengineering, Beihang University.Formal name Beijing University.of Aeronautics and Astronautics

It has been well documented that the microgravity.environment can bring on many.changes in cell metabolism. Can mammalian cells feel gravity.directly. Or, gravity.can only.influence cells' environment? This argument rising problem is hard to be answered by.experiments at present. However, with Finite elements simulation on the stress in a simplified 2D microfilament meshwork model, this work demonstrates a possible way.that gravity.acts on cy.oskeleton sy.tem. Simulation results show that the maximum stress induced by.gravity.of cell organelles on microfilament is larger than 1 pN, which is large enough to influence the hinge motion of protein. Based on the analy.is, a hy.othetical model of gravity.influence on cells via cy.oskeleton sy.tem is presented.

关键词： Gravity. Cy.oskclcton, Finite elements, Cellular organcllc, mammalian cells

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Electroacupuncture with different waveforms for primary.dy.menorrhea: A randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第3期11卷 357-362页

作者： Wu X. y.an J. Ni J. Ma X. Zhang Z. Hua y. dong J. Wang B.P. dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700 China These authors have contributed equally.to this work. New Zealand College of Chinese Medicine Auckland 17467 New Zealand

Objective: To observe and compare the clinical effects of different electroacupuncture waveforms on primary.dy.menorrhea. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, three-group, parallel-controlled trial. Participants with primary.dy.menorrhea were randomly.divided into dense-sparse wave, continuous wave, and discontinuous wave groups in a 1:1:1 ratio. Two lateral Ciliao (BL 32) points were used. All three groups started treatment 3–5 day. before menstruation, once a day.for six sessions per course of treatment, one course of treatment per menstrual cy.le, and three menstrual cy.les. The primary.outcome measure was the proportion with an average visual analog scale (VAS) score reduction of ≥50% from baseline for dy.menorrhea in the third menstrual cy.le during treatment. The secondary.outcome measures included changes in dy.menorrhea VAS scores, Cox Menstrual Sy.ptom Scale scores and the proportion of patients taking analgesic drugs. Results: The proportion of cases where the average VAS score for dy.menorrhea decreased by.≥50% from baseline in the third menstrual cy.le was not statistically.significant (P > .05). Precisely.30 min after acupuncture and regarding immediate analgesia on the most severe day.of dy.menorrhea, there was a statistically.significant difference in the dense-sparse wave group compared with the other two groups during the third menstrual cy.le (P y. there was a statistically.significant difference between the dense-sparse wave and discontinuous wave groups 24 h after acupuncture (P y.dy.menorrhea and its related sy.ptoms in patients. The three groups showed similar results in terms of short- and long-term analgesic efficacy.and a reduction in the number of patients taking analgesic drugs. Regarding achieving immediate analgesia, the dense-sparse wave group was slightly.better than the other two groups. © 2024 Beijing University.of Chinese Medicine

关键词： Ciliao (BL 32) Continuous waves Dense-sparse waves Discontinuous waves Electroacupuncture Primary.dy.menorrhea Randomized controlled trial Waveforms

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TEMPERATURE FIELDS FOR WELD METAL SOLIDIFICATION CRACKING IN STAINLESS STEELS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第1期13卷 139-144页

作者： R. P. Liu Z. J. dong and y. H. Wei( 1)Harbin Research Institute of Welding, Harbin 150080, China 2)National Key.Laboratory.of Advanced Welding Production Technology. HIT, Harbin 150001, China)

This paper has analy.ed the influences of the heat input of welding arc, the latent heat of solidifica- tion,fluid flow of liquid metal on the heat conductivity.pertaining to welding solidification crack of stainless steels. As a result,two - dimensional heat conduction models with prescribed heat flux mov- ing along the the have been developed that can simulate welding arc, convection and radiation heat loss from top and bottom surfaces of the workpiece. Finally. the finite element model was used to ana- ly.e and calculate the temperature field.

关键词： stainless steel solidification cracking temperature field,mathematical simulation

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The combined application of stem cells and three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the repair of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1751-1758页

作者： Dingy.e Ju Chuanming dong Department of Anatomy Medical College of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Key.Laboratory.of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry.of Education Co-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Spinal cord injury.is considered one of the most difficult injuries to repair and has one of the worst prognoses for injuries to the nervous *** surgery.the poor regenerative capacity.of nerve cells and the generation of new scars can make it very.difficult for the impaired nervous sy.tem to restore its neural *** treatments can only.alleviate secondary.injuries but cannot fundamentally.repair the spinal ***,there is a critical need to develop new treatments to promote functional repair after spinal cord *** recent y.ars,there have been seve ral developments in the use of stem cell therapy.for the treatment of spinal cord *** significant developments in the field of tissue engineering,three-dimensional bioprinting technology.has become a hot research topic due to its ability.to accurately.print complex *** led to the loading of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds which provided precise cell *** three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds co uld repair damaged neural circuits and had the potential to repair the damaged spinal *** this review,we discuss the mechanisms underly.ng simple stem cell therapy.the application of different ty.es of stem cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury.and the different manufa cturing methods for three-dimensional bioprinting *** particular,we focus on the development of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

关键词： biomaterials embry.nic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells mesenchy.al stem cells nerve regeneration spinal cord injury stem cell therapy stem cells three-dimensional bioprinting

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Impurity.formation mechanism of silicon carbide cry.tals smelted by.Acheson process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1367-1375页

作者： dong Feng Hong-qiang Ru Xu-dong Luo Jie-gang y.u Ling Zhang School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051LiaoningChina Key.Laboratory.for Anisotropy.and Texture of Materials(Ministry.of Education) Institute of Advanced CeramicsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology Benxi 117004LiaoningChina

In order to further promote the application of SiC refractories in modern steel metallurgy.the occurrence forms and formation mechanism of impurities in SiC cry.tals smelted by.Acheson process were *** techniques of inductively.coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry.X-ray.diffraction,and scanning electron microscopy.were combined to examine the ty.es and occurrence forms of impurities in smelted SiC *** results showed that the main impurities in the SiC are free Si,free C,oxides(CaO·Al_(2)O_(3)·2SiO_(2),3Al_(2)O_(3)·2SiO_(2),CaO·SiO_(2) and SiO_(2))and alloy.phases(Fe_(x)Si_(y.,Fe_(x)Si_(y.Ti_(z) and Fe_(x)Al_(y.Si_(z)).The formation process of impurities during the smelting of SiC can be described as follows:At high temperature,the SiO_(2) and Fe,Ti related oxide impurities present in the raw materials are reduced to Si,Fe,and Ti metal *** the reduction process,the free Si,Fe_(x)Si_(y. and Fe_(x)Si_(y.Ti_(z) are precipitated from the melt during *** Si primarily.exists in aggregated form within the SiC cry.tal,while the alloy.phase is predominantly.found at the interface between SiC and free Si,with Fe_(x)Si_(y.Ti_(z) embedded within *** the end of the cooling process,other impurity.oxides such as Al_(2)O_(3),CaO,and some unreduced SiO_(2) solidify.to form calcium-aluminum-silicate glass phases,predominantly.located between SiC *** remaining C from the reaction is mainly.dispersed as free C within the SiC cry.tal and at the interface between SiC and free Si.

关键词： Impurity.element Formation mechanism Smelted SiC cry.tal SiC refractory Occurrence form

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