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Low-temperature chlorination roasting technology for the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LiCoO_(2)cathode material

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 80-91页

作者： Junjie Shi ch.ngle Hou Jingjing dong dong ch.n Jianzhong Li Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

With the continuous increase in the disposal volume of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),properly recycling spent LIBs has become essential for the advancement of the circular *** study presents a systematic analysis of the chlorination roasting kinetics and proposes a new two-step chlorination roasting process that integrates thermodynamics for the recycling of LIB cathode *** activation energy for the chloride reaction was 88.41 kJ/mol according to thermogravimetric analysis–derivative thermogravimetry data obtained by using model-free,model-fitting,and Z(α)function(αis conversion rate).Results indicated that the reaction was dominated by the first-order(F1)model when the conversion rate was less than or equal to 0.5 and shifted to the second-order(F2)model when the conversion rate exceeded *** conditions were determined by thoroughly investigating the effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,and the mass ratio of nH_(4)Cl to LiCoO_(2).Under the optimal conditions,namely 400℃,20 min,and nH_(4)Cl/LiCoO_(2)mass ratio of 3:1,the leach.ng efficiency of Li and Co reached 99.43% and 99.05%,*** of the roasted products revealed that valuable metals in LiCoO_(2)transformed into CoCl_(2) and ***,the reaction mech.nism was elucidated,providing insights for the establishment of a novel low-temperature chlorination roasting technology based on a crystal structure *** technology can guide the development of LIB recycling processes with low energy consumption,low secondary pollution,high recovery efficiency,and high added value.

关键词： spent lithium-ion battery thermodynamics chlorination roasting kinetics circular economy

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Alkaline leach.ng mech.nism of MSWI bottom ash: the pivotal role of Si(Al) chemical bonding environments

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Science ch.na Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： ningning SHAO Zekun JIAO Weipeng FEnG Yu JIn Fanlong KOnG Zhijun dong Zuotai ZHAnG Institute of Technology for Marine Civil Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology (SZIIT) Guizhou nASH Ecological Technology Co. LTD School of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen City Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA) is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid wastes. Thus, its complexity poses great challenges to their resource utilization. For the sake of the alkali activation use of MSWIBA, this work focused on the characterizations and alkaline leach.ng experiments of various classified MSWIBA after sorting. Among the different categories of MSWIBA, waste glass(BA-G) and other unidentified slags(BA-O) were identified as potential precursors for alkali activation use. The alkaline leach.ng experiments proved that alkaline concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and raw material classification influenced the leach.ng process and results. Among these, the Si/Al chemical bonding environments from the material type played a pivotal role. When the materials had Qn(n>2) as the primary bonding structure, steric hindrance by the chain frameworks affected the alkali dissolution process, resulting in gradual disintegration from the outer layers inward. For the materials dominated by Q1frameworks, OH-could penetrate the frameworks, leading to their rapid depolymerization and outward dissolution. Overall, the Si/Al bonding environment played a crucial role in alkaline dissolution, providing theoretical guidance for classifying the alkali-activation utilization of MSWIBA and other aluminosilicate solid wastes.

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Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles protect against ischemic stroke by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3245-3258页

作者： Jiayi Wang Mengke Zhao dong Fu Meina Wang chao Han Zhongyue Lv Liang Wang Jing Liu Stem Cell Clinical Research Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine DalianLiaoning ProvinceChina Institute(College)of Integrative Medicine Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina

Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles exhibit analogous functions to their parental cells,and can thus be used as substitutes for stem cells in stem cell therapy,thereby mitigating the risks of stem cell therapy and advancing the frontiers of stem cell-derived *** lays a foundation for the development of potentially potent new treatment modalities for ischemic ***,the precise mech.nisms underlying the efficacy and safety of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles remain unclear,presenting challenges for clinical *** promote the translation of therapy based on human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles from the bench to the bedside,we conducted a comprehensive preclinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of ischemic *** found that administration of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to an ischemic stroke rat model reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and promoted functional recovery by alleviating neuronal *** human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduced neuronal apoptosis by enhancing phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase,mammalian target of rapamycin,and protein kinase B,and these effects were reversed by treatment with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase *** findings suggest that human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles play a neuroprotective role in ischemic stroke through activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling ***,we showed that human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles have a good in vivo safety ***,human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are a promising potential agent for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

关键词： behavior exosome extracellular vesicles ischemic stroke mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) middle cerebral artery occlusion neural stem cells neuronal apoptosis phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) protein kinase B(AKT)

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Estimating rock properties using sound signal dominant frequencies during diamond core drilling operations

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Journal of Rock Mech.nics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第4期11卷 850-859页

作者： ch.Vijaya Kumar Harsha Vardhan ch.S.n.Murthy n.C.Karmakar Department of Mining Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalIndia Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) VaranasiIndia

In many engineering applications such as mining,geotechnical and petroleum industries,drilling operation is widely *** drilling operation produces sound by-product,which could be helpful for preliminary estimation of the rock ***,determination of rock properties is very difficult by the conventional methods in terms of high accuracy,and thus it is expensive and *** this context,a new technique was developed based on the estimation of rock properties using dominant frequencies from sound pressure level generated during diamond core drilling ***,sound pressure level was recorded and sound signals of these sound frequencies were analyzed using fast Fourier transform (FFT).Rock drilling experiments were performed on five different types of rock samples using computer numerical control (CnC) drilling mach.ne BMV 45 *** simple linear regression analysis,mathematical equations were developed for various rock properties,*** compressive strength,Brazilian tensile strength,density,and dominant frequencies of sound pressure *** developed models can be utilized at early stage of design to predict rock properties.

关键词： Rock properties Sound pressure level Fast Fourier transform (FFT) Sound signal Core drilling Dominant frequencies

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Ac voltammetric and square wave voltammetric study of the self-assembled monolayers of thiol-functionalized viologen derivative

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ch.nese Journal of chemistry 1997年第2期15卷 130-137页

作者： Li, JH Yang, ch Yan, JC ch.n, WQ dong, SJ ch.nESE ACAD SCI CHANGCHUN INST APPL CHEMELECTROANALYT CHEM LABCHANGCHUN 130022JILINPEOPLES R CHINA

Electroactive self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) containing viologen group are formed through the adsorption of thiol-functionalized viologen compound ch3(ch2)(9)V2+(ch2)(8)SH, where V2+ is n,n'-dialkylbipyridinium (i.e. a viologen group), onto gold electrodes from methanol/water solution and its electrochemical behavior is investigated ty Ac voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, which have the high sensitivity against background charging. The viologen SAM formed is a sub-monolayer and the normal potentials corresponding to the two successive one-electron transfer processes of the active centers (viologen) are -360 mV and -750 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solutions (pH 6.96) respectively, and the standard electron transfer rate constant is 9.0 s(-1). The electrochemical behavior of this SAM in various solutions has been preliminarily discussed.

关键词： self-assembled monolayers viologen Ac voltammetry square wave voltammetry

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numerical Approach for Atmospheric Corrosion Monitoring Based on EIS of a Weathering Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第2期28卷 261-271页

作者： ch.Thee Long Hao Jun-Hua dong Xin Mu Wei Ke State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and film thickness measurement have been employed to study the atmospheric corrosion of a weathering steel covered with a thin electrolyte layer in a simulated coastal-industrial atmosphere. The results indicate that the corrosion rate is a function of the covered electrolyte thickness and the wet/dry cycle. Within each wet/dry cycle, the increased corrosion rate is related to the increased Cl^- and SO4^2- concentration and an enhancement of oxygen diffusion rate with the evaporation of the electrolyte. In addition, the corrosion rate increases during the initial corrosion stage and then decreases as the wet/dry cycle proceeds. Moreover, one mathematical approach based on the numerical integration method to obtain corrosion mass loss of steel from the measurements of EIS has been developed, and this would be useful for the development of indoor simulated atmospheric corrosion tests.

关键词： Weathering steel Atmospheric corrosion Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Steel rust Coastal-industrial atmosphere

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Can a dam type of an alpine lake be derived from lake geometry?A negative result

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第3期18卷 614-621页

作者： Adam EMMER Vojtěch CURIn University of Graz Institute of Geography and Regional ScienceCascade|The Mountain Processes and Mountain Hazards GroupGraz 8010Austria Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 16500Czechia Global ch.nge Research Institute Czech University of Life Sciences PragueFaculty of Environmental SciencesBrno 60300Czechia

Glacial lake outburst floods(GLOFs)represent one of the most serious hazard and risk in deglaciating high mountain regions worldwide and the need for GLOF hazard and risk assessment is *** a consequence,numerous region-and nation-wide GLOF assessment studies have been published *** studies cover large areas and consider hundreds to thousands of lakes,prioritizing the hazard posed by ***,certain simplification is required for executing such studies,often resulting in neglecting qualitative characteristics which would need manual *** lake dam types(e.g.,bedrock-dammed,moraine-dammed)are often not distinguished,despite they control GLOF mech.nism(dam overtopping/dam breach)and thus GLOF *** this study,we explore the potential of easily measurable quantitative characteristics and four ratios to approximate the lake dam *** dataset of 851 lakes of the Cordillera Blanca suggests that while variances and means of these characteristics of individual lake types differ significantly(F-test,t-test),value distribution of different geometrical properties can’t be used for the originally proposed purpose along the *** only promising results are obtained for extreme values(selected bins)of the *** instance,the low width to length ratio indicates likely morainedammed lake while the high value of ratio indicating round-shape of the lake indicates increased likelihood of bedrock-dammed ***,we report a negative result of our experiment since there are negligible differences of relative frequencies in most of the bins along the spectra.

关键词： Alpine lake High mountain lake GLOFs Glacial lake Moraine-dammed Bedrock-dammed negative result Cordillera Blanca

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nonstationary fuzzy forecasting of wind and wave climate in very long-term scales

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第2期3卷 144-155页

作者： ch.n.Stefanakos E.Vanem SInTEF Ocean Department of Energy and TransportPostboks 4762 TorgardenTrondheim NO-7465Norway DnV GL Group Technology and ResearchP.O Box 3001322HøvikNorway

Global climate ch.nge may have serious impact on human activities in coastal and other *** ch.nge may affect the degree of storminess and,hence,ch.nge the wind-driven ocean wave *** may affect the risks associated with maritime activities such as shipping and offshore oil and ***,there is a recognized need to understand better how climate ch.nge will affect such ***,such understanding comes from future projections of the wind and wave climate from numerical climate models and from the stochastic modelling of such *** work investigates the applicability of a recently proposed nonstationary fuzzy modelling to wind and wave climatic *** to this,fuzzy inference models(FIS)are coupled with nonstationary time series modelling,providing us with less biased climatic *** long-term datasets for an area in the north Atlantic Ocean are used in the present study,namely nORA10(57 years)and ExWaCli(30 years in the present and 30 years in the future).Two distinct experiments have been performed to simulate future values of the time series in a climatic *** assessment of the simulations by means of the actual values kept for comparison purposes gives very good results.

关键词： Fuzzy time series Wind and wave data Forecasting nonstationary Ocean wind and wave climate

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Facile synthesis of the dodecahydridododecaborate (B12H122-) from borane Lewis base adducts

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Science ch.na chemistry 2025年

作者： Yi Jing Xin-Ran Liu Xing-Hua Wang Hui Han Sha-Sha Liang Xi-Meng ch.n dong-Hui Wei Lai-Sheng Wang Xue-nian ch.n College of chemistry Zhengzhou University School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced MaterialsHenan Normal University Department of chemistry Brown University

Polyhedral boranes are a class of well-known boron molecular clusters widely used in energy,chemistry,medicine,and materials science because of their unique physical and chemical *** efforts have been made in the past decades to find more effective synthetic methods for this important class of boron ***,existing synthetic methods suffer from low efficiency and low ***,we report a facile one-pot synthesis of[（ch3）3S]2B12H12with moderate yields at mild *** mech.nisms for the multi-step chemoselective synthesis of B12H122-without other by-products are elucidated based on theoretical results and our previous *** Lewis base used in B–H bond condensation reaction,which acts as a hydrogen or to balance the newly generated polyhedral borane charges,is proposed and studied in *** current study has led to a more effective and selective synthetic method for B12H122-and has also implicated the syntheses of other new polyhedral boranes.

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Potassium ions and cyano group modified g-C3n4 for effective generation of H2O2 through two-electron oxygen reduction

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Science ch.na chemistry 2025年第1期 192-200页

作者： dongying Wang Shulan Pu Yongmin ch.n Ke Lei Yujie Duan Linjiao Mao Xuhui Zeng Xi Luo Yuntao Zhang Yuqin dong Jin Zhong Zhang Yan Sun School of Mech.nical Engineering Chengdu University Department of chemistry and Biochemistry University of California

Potassium ions （K+） doped graphitic carbon nitride （g-C3n4） was prepared by a thermal etch.ng method using potassium hydroxide （KOH） as an ion *** transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）results showed that the generation of the cyano group was detected while introducing K+.Under simulated sunlight irradiation,the sample with a K+doping amount of 10%showed the highest hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） generation rate of2,140.2μmol *** apparent quantum yield （AQY） at 400 nm and the solar-to-chemical conversion （SCC） are 4.35%and1.23%,respectively.K+acted as a bridge between g-C3n4layers,which enhanced charge transfer ***,the cyano group enhanced the adsorption capacity of protons （H+） and promoted the yield of *** catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic stability based on four-cycle *** addition,a mech.nism study showed that superoxide radicals （·O2-）were the most important active species in the reaction *** production of H2O2was achieved through consecutive single-electron *** study deepens the understanding of the oxygen reduction reaction process and opens up a new venue for improving H2O2generation.

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