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Observation and modelling of snow and sea ice mass balance and its sensitivity to atmospheric forcing during spring and summer 2007 in the Central Arctic

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Advances in Polar Science 2021年第4期32卷 312-326页

作者： Bin CHENG Timo VIHMA Timo PALO Marcel NICOLAUS Sebastian GERLAND Laura RONTU Jari HAAPALA donald perovich Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki Fi-00101Finland University of Tartu 50090 TartuEstonia Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research BremerhavenGermany Norwegian Polar Institute Fram CentreTromsøNorway Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth College HanoverNew HampshireUSA

Snow depth and sea ice thickness were observed applying an ice mass balance buoy(IMB)in the drifting ice station Tara during the International Polar Year in *** in situ observations on meteorological variables and surface fluxes were taken during May to *** this study,the operational analyses and short-term forecasts from two numerical weather prediction(NWP)models(ECMWF and HIRLAM)were extracted for the Tara drift *** compared the IMB,meteorological and surface flux observations against the NWP products,also applying a one-dimensional thermodynamic sea ice model(HIGHTSI)to calculate the snow and ice mass balance and its sensitivity to atmospheric *** modelled snow depth time series,controlled by NWP-based precipitation,was in line with the observed *** reproduced well the snowmelt onset,the progress of the melt,and the first date of snow-free *** performed well also in the late August freezing *** remain to model the“false bottom”observed during the melting *** evolution of the vertical temperature profiles in snow and ice was better simulated when the model was forced by in situ observations instead of NWP *** the melting period,the nonlinear ice temperature profile was successfully modelled with both forcing *** spring and the melting season,total sea ice mass balance was most sensitive to uncertainties in NWP results for the downward longwave radiation,followed by the downward shortwave radiation,air temperature,and wind speed.

关键词： Arctic snow melt sea ice mass balance snow on sea ice NWP models

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Advancing the understanding of variations of Arctic sea ice optical and thermal behaviors through an international research and mobility project

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Advances in Polar Science 2015年第2期26卷 179-187页

作者： Marcel Nicolaus Caixin Wang Sebastian Gerland LI Na LI Zhijun Bin Cheng Don K.perovich Mats A.Granskog SHI Liqiong LEI Ruibo LI Qun LU Peng Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung Norwegian Polar Institute Fram Centre Polar Research Institute of China Dalian University of Technology Finnish Meteorological Institute Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory

In recent decades, significant changes of Arctic sea ice have taken place. These changes are expected to influence the surface energy balance of the ice-covered Arctic Ocean. To quantify this energy balance and to increase our understanding of mechanisms leading to observed changes in the Arctic sea ice, the project ＂Advancing Modelling and Observing solar Radiation of Arctic sea ice--understanding changes and processes （AMORA）＂ was initiated and conducted from 2009 to 2013. AMORA was funded and organized under a frame of Norway-China bilateral collaboration program with partners from Finland, Germany, and the USA. The primary goal of the project was achieved by developing an autonomous spectral radiation buoy, deploying it on drifting sea ice close to the North Pole, and receiving a high-resolution time series of spectral radiation over and under sea ice from spring （before melt onset） to autumn （after freeze-up） 2012. Beyond this, in-situ sea ice data were collected during several field campaigns and simulations of snow and sea ice thermodynamics were performed. More autonomous measurements are available through deployments of sea ice mass balance buoys. These new observational data along with numerical model studies are helping us to better understand the key thermodynamic processes of Arctic sea ice and changes in polar climate. A strong scientific, but also cultural exchange between Norway, China, and the partners from the USA and Europe initiated new collaborations in Arctic reseach.

关键词： Arctic sea ice snow solar radiation ice-albedo feedback international collaboration

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北极融化不容乐观

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科学（中文版） 2004年第2期 64-71页

作者： MatthewSturm donaldK.perovich MarkC.Serreze 武晓岚赵庚新美国陆军严寒地带研究与工程实验室美国陆军严寒地带研究与工程实验室新罕布什尔办事处博尔德科罗拉多大学的全国冰雪数据中心

我的脸被雪晶打得阵阵发痛,我的胡须和大衣领子上粘满了雪花.大风刮了起来,透过漫天飞雪已经很难看清我的5位同伴.我们计划乘坐雪上汽车在阿拉斯加的北极地区穿行750英里,现在已经走了500英里.这是2002年的晚冬,我们来此地是为了测量雪... 详细信息

我的脸被雪晶打得阵阵发痛,我的胡须和大衣领子上粘满了雪花.大风刮了起来,透过漫天飞雪已经很难看清我的5位同伴.我们计划乘坐雪上汽车在阿拉斯加的北极地区穿行750英里,现在已经走了500英里.这是2002年的晚冬,我们来此地是为了测量雪层厚度并估计其保温能力,它对于维持永冻土的热平衡起着重要作用.我让队伍暂时停了下来,决定下一步该怎么办.风越刮越猛,气温已降到华氏零下30度,显然我们必须找个躲避风雪的地方,而且要尽快找到.我把脸贴在离我最近的那位同伴的兜帽上大声吼道:"让所有人尽量靠拢.我们得赶快脱离这暴露的山脊."

关键词：北极冰川融化现象海冰厚度

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