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Adverse events related to physical restraint use in intensive care units: A review of the literature

Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 318-325页

作者： Sebastian Berger Pascale Grzonka Simon A.Amacher Sabina Hunziker Anja I.frei Raoul Sutter Clinic for Intensive Care Department of Acute MedicineUniversity Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine University Hospital BaselBaselSwitzerland Medical faculty University of BaselBaselSwitzerland Department of Clinical Research University of BaselBaselSwitzerland

Physical restraints are widely used and accepted as protective measures during treatment in intensive care unit (ICU). This review of the literature summarizes the adverse events and outcomes associated with physical restraint use, and the risk factors associated with their use during treatment in the ICU. The PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were screened using predefined search terms to identify studies pertaining to adverse events and/or outcomes associated with physical restraint use, and the factors associated with their use in adult patients admitted to the ICU. A total of 24 articles (including 6126 patients) that were published between 2006 and 2022 were identified. The described adverse events associated with physical restraint use included skin injuries, subsequent delirium, neurofunctional impairment, and a higher rate of post-traumatic stress disorder. Subsequent delirium was the most frequent adverse event to be reported. No alternative measures to physical restraints were discussed, and only one study reported a standardized protocol for their use. Although physical restraint use has been reported to be associated with adverse events (including neurofunctional impairment) in the literature, the available evidence is limited. Although causality cannot be confirmed, a definite association appears to exist. Our findings suggest that it is essential to improve awareness regarding their adverse impact and optimize approaches for their detection, management, and prevention using protocols or checklists.

关键词： Physical restraint Intensive care unit Delirium Complication Adverse event

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ITPK1 is an InsP/ADP phosphotransferase that controls phosphate signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1151-1157页

作者： Esther Riemer Danye Qiu Debabrata Laha Robert K.Harmel Philipp Gaugler Verena Gaugler Michael frei Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei Nargis Parvin Laha Lukas Krusenbaum Robin Schneider Adolfo Saiardi Dorothea Fiedler Henning J.Jessen Gabriel Schaaf Ricardo F.H.Giehi 不详

(Molecular Plant 14,1864-1880;November 12021)We identified a mistake made when calculating the absolute concentrations of inositol(pyro)phosphates derived from CE-ESl-MS measurements reported in the originally published version of our *** to a calculation error when determining concentrations per fresh biomass,the absolute values shown in the manuscript are approximately 30-fold lower than they should *** mistake affects Figures 2D,3C,4C,and 7D and Figures S4,S11B,S13,and *** all conclusions made in the article referred to relative differences between genotypes and treatments,they remained unaffected by these mistakes.

关键词： ipt Arabidopsis absolute

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Frequency-selective Optimization of Periodic Gate Control Signals in DC/DC Converters for EMI-reduction

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 11-18页

作者： Caroline Krause Stephan frei On-board Systems Lab TU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

High-frequency switching of power transistors in power electronic systems can cause electromagnetic *** approaches for reducing high-frequency disturbances,such as inserting an additional gate resistor,lead to increased power *** makes achieving both electromagnetic compatibility and power efficiency *** gate drivers help to find a trade-off between these ***,only narrow-band disturbances must be ***,a target signal with a spectrum notched at some frequencies can be *** target signal can be reached by a target-signal-oriented control of the transistor’s *** leads to steeper switching slopes,such that the power losses are less *** arbitrary target signals is *** transistor signal exhibits some physical limitations.A constraint satisfaction problem must be solved,and the gate drive signal must be optimized by applying a residual and Newton’s *** proposed optimization process in the frequency domain is based on the circuit simulation method named“harmonic balance”.Measurements on a DC/DC converter exhibit the benefits of this method.

关键词： Power electronics active gate driving electromagnetic compatibility Newton’s method

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急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗质量改进的多学会共识

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国际脑血管病杂志 2013年第11期21卷 807-820页

作者： David Sacks Carl M. Black Christophe Cognard John J. Connors donald frei Rishi Gupta Tudor G. Jovin Bryan Kluck Philip M. Meyers Kieran J. Murphy Stephen Ramee Daniel A. Rufenacht M.J. Bernadette Stallmeyer Dierk Vorwerk 皮燕(译) 张莉莉(译) 李敬诚(译) Department of Interventional Radiology Reading Hospital and Medical Center West Reading Center for Neuroendovascular Therapy University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Stroke Institute Pittsburgh The Heart Care Group Allentown Pennsylvania Department of Radiology Utah Valley Regional Medical Center Provo Utah Departments of Radiology Neurological Surgery and Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee Department of Neurointerventional Surgery Radiology Imaging Associates and Swedish Medical Center Denver Colorado Department of Neurology Emory Clinic Atlanta Georgia Department of Neurological Surgery Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York New York Department of Interventional Cardiology Ochsner Medical Center New Orleans Louisiana Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Service Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse Hopital Purpan Toulouse France Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Neuroradiology Division Swiss Neurolnstitute Clinic Hirslanden Zurich Switzerland Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Klinikum Ingolstadt Ingolstadt Germany 重庆第三军医大学第三附属医院野战外科研究所神经内科 400042

目的这份国际性多学科共识文件将对急性缺血性卒中诊治过程和临床转归的质量标准进行定义，并希望在质量保证程序中使用这些标准，从而评估和改善急性卒中血运重建的过程和转归。材料和方法写作组成员由美国神经放射学学会、加拿大介入... 详细信息

目的这份国际性多学科共识文件将对急性缺血性卒中诊治过程和临床转归的质量标准进行定义，并希望在质量保证程序中使用这些标准，从而评估和改善急性卒中血运重建的过程和转归。材料和方法写作组成员由美国神经放射学学会、加拿大介入放射学协会、欧洲心血管和介入放射学学会、心血管造影和介入学会、介入放射学学会、神经介入外科学会、欧洲微创神经病学治疗学会以及血管和介入神经病学学会认命。写作组回顾了1986年至2012年2月期间的相关文献，对急性缺血性卒中的诊疗过程和转归进行总结形成一份证据表，然后通过共识设立性能指标和阈值。本指南得到发起学会的批准，并计划在3年后进行全面更新。结果这份国际性多学科共识文件对诊治过程和临床转归的质量标准进行了定义，包括从入院到进行影像学检查、动脉穿刺和血运重建的时间间隔以及90d时的临床转归评估标准。结论本文件为急性缺血性卒中血管内血运重建程序提供了质量改进指南。

关键词：急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗质量改进学会介入放射学临床转归心血管造影质量标准

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Coupling metal oxide nanoparticle catalysts for water oxidation to molecular light absorbers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第2期26卷 241-249页

作者： Heinz frei Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Water oxidation, as a mandatory reaction of solar fuels conversion systems, requires the use of light absorbers with electronic properties that are well matched with those of the multi-electron catalyst in order to achieve high efficiency. Molecular light absorbers offer flexibility in fine tuning of orbital energetics,and metal oxide nanoparticles have emerged as robust oxygen evolving catalysts. Hence, these material choices offer a promising approach for the development of photocatalytic systems for water ***, efficient charge transfer coupling of molecular light absorbers and metal oxide nanoparticle catalysts has proven a challenge. Recent new approaches toward the efficient coupling of these components based on synthetic design improvements combined with direct spectroscopic observation and kinetic evaluation of charge transfer processes are discussed.

关键词： Water oxidation catalysts Metal oxides Molecular light absorbers Artificial photosynthesis Charge transfer Electronic coupling

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Improvement of Rice Production under Drought Conditions in West Africa:Application of QTLs in Breeding for Drought Resistance

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Rice science 2022年第6期29卷 512-521页

作者： Kossi Lorimpo ADJAH Maxwell Darko ASANTE Aboubacar TOURE Mawuli AZIADEKEY Francis Osei AMOAKO-ANDOH Michael frei Yacouba DIALLO Komi AGBOKA West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use/Climate Change and Agriculture Program IPR/IFRAP.O.Box 224KatibougouMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Crops Research Institute P.O.Box 3785Fumesua-KumasiGhana University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako(USTTB)P.O.Box 423BamakoMali International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics P.O.Box 320BamakoMali University of Lomé(UL) P.O.Box 1515LoméTogo Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding of Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen Giessen 35392Germany Polytechnic Rural Institute of Training and Applied Research(IPR/IFRA) P.O.Box 224KatibougouMali Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-College of Science and Technology Department of Plant Resources DevelopmentP.O.Box 3785Fumesua-KumasiGhana

Rice plays a paramount role in food and nutrition security in many West African *** the doubling of production during the last decade,rice consumption has grown faster,creating a deficit between the demand and *** the West African sub-region remains the main rice-producing centre on the continent,production is severely hampered by biotic and abiotic *** is one of the factors that most severely reduce grain yields of *** of production need to be established in order to mitigate yield loss as a result of *** review discusses the effects of drought on rice production in West Africa and its mitigation with an emphasis on the improvement of tolerance to drought *** stability can be achieved by developing drought-tolerant varieties through several processes encompassing profiling of known QTLs and identification of new ones,marker-assisted selection,genomic selection,and extensive multi-locational yield *** suggest a comprehensive strategy for breeding drought-tolerant rice varieties in West Africa.

关键词： West Africa rice drought-tolerant variety QTL high-throughput genotyping

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Editorial for Special Issue on Electromagnetic Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Power Electronics System

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第3期8卷 1-1页

作者： Shuo Wang Stephan frei Hong Li University of Florida USA TU Dortmund University Germany Beijing Jiaotong University China

With the development of high and new technologies,such as 5G,big data,high-speed railway,renewable energy generation,flexible AC/DC transmission and electric vehicles,the power conversion system as the key support function is also developing rapidly in the direction of high frequency,high efficiency,high power and high-power *** electromagnetic environment of the power and energy conversion system becomes more and more complex,which puts forward more stringent requirements for the electromagnetic compatibility design of the system,especially with the technological breakthrough and commercial use of wide bandgap semiconductor power devices represented by SiC and *** interference(EMI)and electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)have become the important challenges to ensure the functionality,safety,reliability and performance of the ***,it is of great significance to study the EMI and EMC theory and key technologies of power electronics system.

关键词： system compatibility Electromagnetic

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Association mapping for root system architecture traits under two nitrogen conditions in germplasm enhancement of maize doubled haploid lines

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The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 213-226页

作者： Langlang Ma Chunyan Qing Ursula frei Yaou Shen Thomas Lübberstedt Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmes 50010USA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Root system architecture(RSA)contributes to nitrogen(N)uptake and utilization in *** this study,a germplasm enhancement of maize double haploid population of 226 lines genotyped with 61,634 SNPs was used to investigate the genetic basis of RSA under two N levels using a genome-wide association study(GWAS).GLM+PCA,FarmCPU,and MLM models were utilized to balance false positives and false *** total,33 and 51 significant SNP-trait associations were detected under high and low N conditions,*** high N,SNP S9_2483543 was detected by all *** disequilibrium(LD)regions of some SNPs overlapped with the intervals of QTL for RSA and N response that were detected in previous *** particular,several known genes,Rtcs,Rtcl,Rtcl,and Ms44,were located in the LD regions of S1_9992325,S9_151726472,S9_154381179,and S4_197073985,*** the candidate genes identified by this study,GRMZM2G139811,GRMZM2G314898,GRMZM2G054050,GRMZM2G173682,GRMZM2G470914,GRMZM2G462325,GRMZM2G416184,and GRMZM2G064302 were involved in seedling,seed,and root system development or N metabolism in Arabidopsis or *** markers identified in this study can be used for marker-assisted selection of RSA traits to improve nitrogen use efficiency in maize breeding,and the candidate genes will contribute to further understanding of the genetic basis of RSA under diverse N conditions.

关键词： germplasm breeding seedling

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An Update on Abscisic Acid Signaling in Plants and More

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 198-217页

作者： Aleksandra Wasilewsk.a Florina Vlad Caroline Sirichandra Yulia Redko Fabien Jammes Christiane Valon Nicolas frei dit Frey Jeffrey Leung Institut des Sciences du Vegetal Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR 23551 Avenue de la Terrasse Bat. 23 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France CNRS UPR9073 Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France Laboratoire Signalisation et Regulation Coordonnee du Metabolisme Carbone et Azote Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes (UMR8618) Universite Paris-Sud F-91405 Orsay Cedex France

The mode of abscisic acid （ABA） action, and its relations to drought adaptive responses in particular, has been a captivating area of plant hormone research for much over a decade. The hormone triggers stomatal closure to limit water loss through transpiration, as well as mobilizes a battery of genes that presumably serve to protect the cells from the ensuing oxidative damage in prolonged stress. The signaling network orchestrating these various responses is, however, highly complex. This review summarizes several significant advances made within the last few years. The biosynthetic pathway of the hormone is now almost completely elucidated, with the latest identification of the ABA4 gene encoding a neoxanthin synthase, which seems essential for de novo ABA biosynthesis during water stress. This leads to the interesting question on how ABA is then delivered to perception sites. In this respect, regulated transport has attracted renewed focus by the unexpected finding of a shoot-to-root translocation of ABA during drought response, and at the cellular level, by the identification of a B-galactosidase that releases biologically active ABA from inactive ABA-glucose ester. Surprising candidate ABA receptors were also identified in the form of the Flowering Time Control Protein A （FCA） and the Chloroplastic Magnesium Protoporphyrin-IX Chelatase H subunit （CHLH） in chloroplast-nucleus communication, both of which have been shown to bind ABA in vitro. On the other hand, the protein（s） corresponding to the physiologically detectable cell-surface ABA receptor（s） is （are） still not known with certainty. Genetic and physiological studies based on the guard cell have reinforced the central importance of reversible phosphorylation in modulating rapid ABA responses. Sucrose Non-Fermenting Related Kinases （SnRK）, Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases （CDPK）, Protein Phosphatases （PP） of the 2C and 2A classes figure as prominent regulators in this single-cell model. Identifying their d

关键词： Abscisic Acid Signaling Plants and More

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湘西沃溪W-Sb-Au矿床白钨矿Nd-Sr-Pb同位素对成矿流体的示踪

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地质学报 2006年第4期80卷 561-570页

作者：彭渤 Robert frei 涂湘林湖南师范大学资源与环境学院长沙410081 The Geological Institute University of Copenhagen 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 510640

本文对湘西沃溪W-Sb-Au矿床白钨矿进行了系统的Nd—Sr—Pb同位素分析。结果表明，白钨矿的Sm、Nd含量较低，^147Sm／^144Nd（0．64～1．27）值和Sm／Nd值（1．11～2．22）变化较大，其εNd（t=199Ma）值也很低，平均为-25．5（n=9）；... 详细信息

本文对湘西沃溪W-Sb-Au矿床白钨矿进行了系统的Nd—Sr—Pb同位素分析。结果表明，白钨矿的Sm、Nd含量较低，^147Sm／^144Nd（0．64～1．27）值和Sm／Nd值（1．11～2．22）变化较大，其εNd（t=199Ma）值也很低，平均为-25．5（n=9）；白钨矿的^87Sr／ε84Sr值（0．7476～0．7504）高，平均为0．74961（n=11），代表白钨矿形成时的初始^87Sr／^86Sr（t=199Ma）值；逐级分离Pb同位素分析结果显示白钨矿的^206Pb／^204Pb、^207Pb／^204Pb、^208Pb／^204Pb值变化范围小，平均依次分别为18．11、15．61、38．6，与含金石英脉中黄铁矿、蚀变围岩及区域板溪群板岩等的相应Pb同位素比值基本一致。白钨矿Nd—Sr—Pb同位素组成和闪锌矿等其他矿物的Sr同位素特征指示成矿流体来自：板溪群下伏成熟陆壳、深部花岗质岩浆、浅部赋矿围岩等源区。成矿流体是这些来自不同源区的流体相作用而形成的混合流体。成矿作用则是这些不同源区的流体混合作用并演化的结果。且成矿流体演化早期是来自下伏成熟陆壳的流体与来自赋矿围岩的流体混合，导致早期W成矿；晚期是来自深部花岗质岩浆的流体与浅部赋矿围岩的流体混合作用，导致晚期Sb—Au成矿。W—Sb—Au成矿则是中生代陆内碰撞造山体制下不同期次的流体演化和叠加作用的结果。

关键词： Nd—Sr—Pb同位素示踪白钨矿成矿流体 W—Sb—Au矿床湘西沃溪

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