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Immune responses to Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5583-5593页

作者： Mati Moyat dominique Velin Service of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineLausanne University HospitalCH-1011 LausanneSwitzerland

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common infections in human beings worldwide. H. pylori express lipopolysaccharides and flagellin that do not activate efficiently Toll-like receptors and express dedicated effectors, such as γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, vacuolating cytotoxin (vacA), arginase, that actively induce tolerogenic signals. In this perspective, H. pylori can be considered as a commensal bacteria belonging to the stomach microbiota. However, when present in the stomach, H. pylori reduce the overall diversity of the gastric microbiota and promote gastric inflammation by inducing Nod1-dependent pro-inflammatory program and by activating neutrophils through the production of a neutrophil activating protein. The maintenance of a chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa and the direct action of virulence factors (vacA and cytotoxin-associated gene A) confer pro-carcinogenic activities to H. pylori. Hence, H. pylori cannot be considered as symbiotic bacteria but rather as part of the pathobiont. The development of a H. pylori vaccine will bring health benefits for individuals infected with antibiotic resistant H. pylori strains and population of underdeveloped countries.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Vaccine Immune response Peptic ulcer Gastric cancer

Cost implications of increased solar penetration and time-of-use rate interactions

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Clean Energy 2020年第3期4卷 247-269页

作者： dominique Bain Tom Acker School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011 Mechanical Engineering Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZ 86011

Electricity-grid operators are facing new challenges in matching load and generation due to increased solar generation and peak-load *** paper demonstrates that time-of-use(TOU)rates are an effective method to address these *** rates use price differences to incentivize conserving electricity during peak hours and encouraging use during off-peak *** strategy is being used across the USA,including in Arizona,California and *** analysis used the production-cost model PLEXOS with an hourly resolution to explore how production costs,locational marginal prices and dispatch stacks(type of generation used to meet load)change due to changes in load shapes prompted by TOU rates and with additional solar *** modelling focused on implementing TOU rates at three different adoption(response)levels with and without additional solar generation in the Arizona balancing areas within a PLEXOS *** most cases analysed,implementing TOU rates in Arizona reduced reserve shortages in the Western Interconnect and,in some cases,very *** result is representative of the interactions that happen interconnection-wide,demonstrating the advantage of modelling the entire *** costs were decreased by the additional solar generation and the load change from TOU rates,and high response levels reduced the production costs the most for high-solar-generation *** change from TOU rates decreased locational marginal prices for a typical summer day but had inconsistent results on a high-load *** solar generation decreased the usage of combustion turbines,combined cycles and coal-fired generation.

关键词： energy system and policy production-cost model PLEXOS time-of-use rates solar energy locational marginal price

Partial Beclin 1 silencing aggravates doxorubicin-and Fasinduced apoptosis in HepG2 cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第18期12卷 2895-2900页

作者： Fanny Daniel Agnès Legrand dominique Pessayre Nathalie Vadrot Véronique Descatoire dominique Bernuau Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERMU773Centre de Recherche Bichat Beaujon CRB3BP 416F-75018ParisFrance Université paris 7 Denis Diderot site BichatBP 416F-75018ParisFrance

AIM： To investigate the role of Beclin 1 on the susceptibility of HepG2 cells to undergo apoptosis after anti-Fas antibody or doxorubicin treatment. METHODS： Beclin 1 silencing was achieved using RNA interference. DNA ploidy, the percentage of apoptotic cells and the mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed by flow cytometry. Levels of Beclin 1, BCI-XL and cytochrome c, and the cleavage of poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase （PARP） were assayed by using Western blots. RESULTS： Beclin 1 expression decreased by 75% 72 h after Beclin 1 siRNA transfection. Partial Beclin 1 silencing significantly increased the percentage of subG1 cells 24 and 40 h after treatment with doxorubicin or anti-Fas antibody, respectively, and this potentiation was abrogated by treatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor. Partial Beclin 1 silencing also increased PARP cleavage, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytosolic cytochrome c. The pro-apoptotic consequences of partial Beclin 1 silencing were not associated with a decline in Bcl-XL expression.CONCLUSION： Partial Beclin 1 silencing aggravates mitochondrial permeabilization and apoptosis in HepG2 cells treated with an anti-Fas antibody or with doxorubicin.

关键词： Beclin 1 Apoptosis HepG2 cells Anti-Fas antibody Doxorubicin

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Associated Factors in the Garoua Central Prison, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期14卷 174-183页

作者： Mohamadou Abdou Galdima Adamou Dodo Balkissou Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa Winnie Tatiana Bekolo Nga Gilles Aghoagni Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Ali Abas Mathurin Pierre Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo dominique Noah Noah Oudou Njoya Servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Garoua Regional Hospital Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty de Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in Cameroon. Garoua city is the headquarters of the North Region of Cameroon, where the HBV prevalence is among the highest of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg carriage and associated factors among persons incarcerated in the Garoua Central Prison. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2023 at the Garoua Central prison. We included all prisoners willing to participate in the study and who gave their verbal consent. We collected data using a pre-established data entry form and we used rapid test for blood screening for HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag) with ELISA confirmation. Data were analyzed using the R® software for Windows. After the univariate analysis, we selected associated variables to HBV infection with p-value p-value was set at 5%. Results: We included 1389 prisoners out of which 97.6% were male. The median age (IQR) of the study population was 28 (23 - 35) years. The median (IQR) duration of incarceration was 12 (6 - 26) months and the mean (±sd) number of incarcerations was 1.24 (±0.6). HBV prevalence was estimated at 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0 - 16.7). Upon uni- and multivariate analysis, no risk factor was significantly associated with viral hepatitis B infection in our study population. Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B was high in the Garoua Central Prison, but there were no additional risk factors for HBV infection. There is a need to include the Garoua Central Prison and by the way other prisons in the country in the chronic viral hepatitis care program.

关键词： Hepatitis B Prison Associated factors Cameroon

Interest of molecular functionalization for electrochemical storage

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Nano Research 2017年第12期10卷 4175-4200页

作者： Bihag Anothumakkool dominique Guyomard Joel Gaubicher Lenaic Madec Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN) Universite de Nantes CNRS 2 rue de la Houssiniere BP32229 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France IPREM-ECP CNRS UMR 5254 Universite de Pau Helioparc Pau Pyrenees 2 av. PierreAngot 64053 Pau Cedex 9 France Reseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de I'Energie (RS2E) CNRS FR3459 33 Rue Saint Leu 80039 Amiens Cedex France

Despite great interests in electrochemical energy storage systems for numerous applications, considerable challenges remain to be overcome. Among the various approaches to improving the stability, safety, performance, and cost of these systems, molecular functionalization has recently been proved an attractive method that allows the tuning of material surface reactivity while retaining the properties of the bulk material. For this purpose, the reduction of aryldiazonium salt, which is a versatile method, is considered suitable; it forms robust covalent bonds with the material surface, however, with the formation of multilayer structures and sp3 defects （for carbon substrate） that can be detrimental to the electronic conductivity. Alternatively, non-covalent molecular functionalization based on π-π interactions using aromatic ring units has been proposed. In this review, the various advances in molecular functionalization concerning the current limitations in lithium-ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors are discussed. According to the targeted applications and required properties, both covalent and non-covalent functionalizafion methods have proved to be very efficient and versatile. Fundamental aspects to achieve a better understanding of the funcfionalization reactions as well as molecular layer properties and their effects on the electrochemical performance are also discussed. Finally, perspectives are proposed for future implementation of molecular functionalization in the field of electrochemical storage.

关键词： electrochemical storage molecularfunctionalization covalent diazoniumchemistry non-covalent π-π interactions

Variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第3期5卷 185-192,I0001页

作者： Maxime Mallet Marika Rudler dominique Thabut Unitede Soins Intensifs d’Hepatologie Service d’Hepato-GastroenterologieGroupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere Charles FoixAssistance Publique-Hopitaux de ParisParisFrance

Variceal bleeding is one of the major causes of death in cirrhotic *** management during the acute phase and the secondary prophylaxis is well *** recommendations(2015 Baveno VI expert consensus)are available and should be followed for an optimal management,which must be performed as an emergency in a liver or general intensive-care *** is based on the early administration of a vasoactive drug(before endoscopy),an antibiotic prophylaxis and a restrictive transfusion strategy(hemoglobin target of 7 g/dL).The endoscopic treatment is based on band *** should be *** the most severe patients(Child Pugh C or B with active bleeding during initial endoscopy),transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)should be performed within 72 hours after admission to minimize the risk of *** prophylaxis is based on the association of non-selective beta-blockers(NSBBs)and repeated band *** should be considered when bleeding reoccurs in spite of a well-conducted secondary prophylaxis or when NSBBs are poorly *** should also be considered when bleeding is *** transplantation should be discussed when bleeding is not controlled after TIPS insertion and in all cases when liver function is deteriorated.

关键词： variceal bleeding cirrhosis endoscopic treatment non-selective beta-blockers transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt liver transplantation

A novel trajectory-based online controller design approach to fault accommodation in NREL’s 5MW wind turbine systems

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Control Theory and Technology 2014年第2期12卷 122-131页

作者： Tushar JAIN Joseph J.YAME dominique SAUTER Aalto University School of Chemical Technology P. O. Box 16100 F1-00076 Aalto Finland Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy Universite de Lorraine 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France

This paper presents a real-time mechanism to tolerate faults occurring in a wind turbine （WT） system. This system is composed of a FAST coded simulator designed by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The demonstrated mechanism lies under the taxonomy of active fault-tolerant control （FTC） systems, namely online redesign based approach. In the proposed approach, we do not use any a priori information about the model of the turbine in real-time. In fact, we use online measurements generated by the WT. Based on the given control specifications, and the observed measurement an occurred fault is accommodated by reconfiguring the online controller such that the WT generates rated power even under faulty conditions. Second, no explicit fault diagnosis （FD） module is used in this approach. As a result, issues of model uncertainty, false alarms, etc. associated with an integrated FD and controller reconfiguration approach to FTC systems are not experienced here.

关键词： Fault-tolerant control Behavioral theory Wind turbines Online controller redesign

No-go decay as a novel route to restrict viral infection in plants

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Molecular Plant 2023年第3期16卷 509-510页

作者： Aude Poucleti dominique Gagliardil Damien Garcia institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes CNRSUniversite de Strasbourg StrasbourgFrance

Plants use several layers of defense to detect and combat viruses(Figure 1).Specialized host-encoded receptors sense viral virulence effector proteins and induce a signal transduction cascade,leading to effector-triggered immunity(Lopez-Gomollon and Baulcombe,2022).Plants also use several RNA-based processes to seek and destroy viral *** major pathway restricting viral multiplication is RNA silencing,a widely conserved mechanism of gene extinction that uses dsRNA to produce 21 to 24 nucleotides small interfering RNAs and guide viral RNA degradation(Lopez-Gomollon and Baulcombe,2022).

关键词： immunity restrict infection

Imaging Mass Cytometry:A promising multiplex detection tool for plant science research

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1241-1243页

作者： Olivier Leroux Taunia Closson dominique Van Der Straeten Ghent University Laboratory of Functional Plant BiologyK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GentBelgium Fluidigm Corporation MarkhamONCanada

In recent years there has been an increased tendency to shift from sin gle-marker immuno histochemistry toward multiplexed marker in situ *** latter approach allows detection of the spatial distribution of multiple markers in a single tissue section and enables investigation of marker interaction,hence greatly improving our understanding of tissue physiology.

关键词： hence enable latter