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Experimental and numerical investigation to elucidate the fluid flow through packed beds with structured particle packings

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 218-237页

作者： Shirin Patil Christian Gorges Joel Lòpez Bonilla Moritz Stelter Frank Beyrau Berend van Wachem Laboratory of Technical Thermodynamics Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

The present paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the dispersion of the gaseous jet flow and co-flow for the simple unit cell(SUC)and body-centred cubic(BCC)configuration of particles in packed *** experimental setup is built in such a way that suitable and simplified boundary conditions are imposed for the corresponding numerical framework,so the simulations can be done under very similar conditions as the ***,a porous plate is used for the co-flow to achieve the uniform velocity and the fully developed flow is ensured for the jet *** SUC and BCC particle beds consist of 3D-printed spheres,and the non-isotropy near the walls is mostly eliminated by placing half-spheres at the channel *** flow velocities are analysed directly at the exit of the particle bed for both beds over 36 pores for the SUC configuration and 60 pores for the BCC configuration,for particle Reynolds numbers of 200,300,and *** particle image velocimetry is experimentally arranged in such a way that the velocities over the entire region at the exit of the packed bed are obtained *** numerical method consists of a state-of-the-art immersed boundary method with adaptive mesh *** paper presents the pore jet structure and velocity field exiting from each pore for the SUC and BCC packed particle *** numerical and experimental studies show a good agreement for the SUC configuration for all flow *** the BCC configuration,some differences can be observed in the pore jet flow structure between the simulations and the experiments,but the general flow velocity distribution shows a good overall *** axial velocity is generally higher for the pores located near the centre of the packed bed than for the pores near the *** addition,the axial velocities are observed to increase near the peripheral pores of the packed *** behaviour is predominant for the BCC configuration as compared to t

关键词： Uniform particle packing Packed bed reactor Stereo particle image velocimetry Immersed boundary method

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Exploring well-being disparities between urban and rural areas:A case study in the Stavropol Territory,Russia

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 80-92页

作者： Anastasia CHAPLITSKAYA Wim HEIJMAN Johan van OPHEM Agricultural Economics and Rural Policy Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6700 ABNetherlands Department of Foreign Languages Stavropol State Agrarian UniversityStavropol355017Russia Department of Economics Faculty of Economics and ManagementCzech University of Life SciencesPrague16500Czech Urban Economics Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen6700 ABNetherlands

Rural areas are crucial for a country’s sustainable *** strategies are needed to develop rural areas to improve the well-being of rural population and generate new job *** is especially important in countries where agricultural production accounts for a significant share of the gross product,such as *** this study,we identified the key indicators of satisfaction and differences between rural and urban citizens based on their social,economic,and environmental backgrounds,and determined whether there are well-being disparities between rural and urban areas in the Stavropol Territory,*** collected primary data through a survey based on the European Social Survey framework to investigate the potential differences between rural and urban *** computing the regional well-being index using principal component analysis,we found that there was no statistically significant difference in well-being between rural and urban *** of key indicators showed that rural residents felt psychologically more comfortable and safer,assessed their family relationships better,and adhered more to traditions and ***,urban residents showed better economic and social conditions(e.g.,infrastructures,medical care,education,and Internet access).The results of this study imply that we can better understand the local needs,advantages,and unique qualities,thereby gaining insight into the effectiveness of government ***-makers and local authorities can consider targeted interventions based on the findings of this study and strive to enhance the well-being of both urban and rural residents.

关键词： Well-being Sustainable development Rural areas Urban areas Principal component analysis(PCA) Russia

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Gene expression,transcription factor binding and histone modification predict leaf adaxial-abaxial polarity related genes

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 971-982页

作者： Wei Sun Zhicheng Zhang Guusje Bonnema Xiaowu Wang Aalt Dirk Jan van Dijk State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Vegetable Genomics Beijing 100081China Bioinformatics Group Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Plant Breeding Wageningen University and Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Biosystems Data Analysis Swammerdam Institute for Life SciencesUniversity of Amsterdam1090 GE Amsterdamthe Netherlands

Leaf adaxial-abaxial(ad-abaxial)polarity is crucial for leaf morphology and function,but the genetic machinery governing this process remains *** uncover critical genes involved in leaf ad-abaxial patterning,we applied a combination of in silico prediction using machine learning(ML)and experimental analysis.A Random Forest model was trained using genes known to influence ad-abaxial polarity as ground *** expression data from various tissues and conditions as well as promoter regulation data derived from transcription factor chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-seq)was used as input,enabling the prediction of novel ad-abaxial polarity-related genes and additional transcription *** to this,available and newly-obtained transcriptome data enabled us to identify genes differentially expressed across leaf ad-abaxial *** on these analyses,we obtained a set of 111 novel genes which are involved in leaf ad-abaxial *** explore implications for vegetable crop breeding,we examined the conservation of expression patterns between Arabidopsis and Brassica rapa using single-cell *** results demonstrated the utility of our computational approach for predicting candidate genes in crop *** findings expand the understanding of the genetic networks governing leaf ad-abaxial differentiation in agriculturally important vegetables,enhancing comprehension of natural variation impacting leaf morphology and development,with demonstrable breeding applications.

关键词： Machine learning Leaf polarity Arabidopsis thaliana Brassica rapa Transcription factor

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The Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)Project in Central Asia:The Case for a Regional Hydroclimate Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： Michael BRODY Maksim KULIKOV Sagynbek ORUNBAEV Peter J.van OEVELEN International Agricultural University Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mason University FairfaxVirginia 22030USA University of Central Asia Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American University of Central Asia Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX project George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central Asia consists of the former Soviet Republics,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz Republic,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,and *** region’s climate is continental,mostly semi-arid to *** is a significant part of the region’s *** its nature of intensive water use,agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have significantly increased the demand for water in the *** climate change issues include melting glaciers and a shrinking snowpack,which are the foundation of the region’s water resources,and a changing precipitation *** glaciers are located in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,leading to transboundary water resource *** already has extremely high *** indicate that Central Asia has been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is expected to increase,but its spatial and temporal distribution depends upon specific global *** of future precipitation show significant uncertainties in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Projects(RHPs)are an approach to studying these *** steps to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely distributed online survey about these climate *** was followed up with an online workshop and then,in 2023,an in-person workshop,held in Tashkent,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)project for the region include both observations and modeling,as well as development of better and additional precipitation observations,all of which are topics for the next workshop.A well-designed RHP should lead to reductions in critical climate uncertainties in policy-relevant timeframes that can influence decisions on necessary investments in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central Asia climate change agriculture

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Numerical modeling techniques for noise emission of free railway wheels

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 144-161页

作者： Linus Taenzer Urs Pachale Bart van Damme Andrea Bergamini domenico Tallarico Laboratory of Acoustics/Noise Control EmpaÜberlandstrasse 129DübendorfSwitzerland

In this article,we consider the numerical prediction of the noise emission from a wheelset in laboratory *** focus on the fluid-structure interaction leading to sound emission in the fluid domain by analyzing three different methods to account for acoustic *** are a discretized baffled piston using the discrete calculation method(DCM),a closed cylindrical volume using the boundary element method(BEM)and radiating elastic disks in a cubic enclosure solved with the finite element method(FEM).We provide the validation of the baffled piston and the BEM using measurements of the noise emission of a railway wheel by considering ground reflections in the numerical *** space-resolved waveforms are compared with experimental results as well as with a fluid-structure interaction finite element *** computational advantage of a discretized disk mounted on a baffle and BEM compared to FEM is highlighted,and the baffled pistons limitations caused by a lack of edge radiation effects are investigated.

关键词： Discretized baffled piston Finite element Boundary element Railway noise Acoustic emission Vibrations

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Changes in children’s cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index over the course of the COVID‑19 pandemic:a 34‑month longitudinal study of 331 primary school children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 185-188页

作者： Gerald Jarnig Reinhold Kerbl Mireille N.M.van Poppel Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthUniversity of GrazMozartgasse 148010 GrazAustria Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine LKH Hochsteiermark8700 LeobenAustria

In late 2019,heavy restrictions were enforced on public activities worldwide to diminish the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus[1].These restrictions,which included school closures and strictly limited sports and leisure opportunities,particularly impacted children and adolescents[2].Lifestyle changes in children and adolescents led to reduced physical activity levels[2,3],increased sedentary behavior[3,4],changes in eating habits,and changes in sleep habits[3].

关键词： respiratory acute children

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Jacques Touret(1936-2024)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 518-520页

作者： Maria Luce Frezzotti Daniel Harlov Jan Marten Huizenga Alfons van den Kerkhof Universitàdegli Studi di Milano-Bicocca MilanoItaly Geo Forschungs Zentrum Potsdam TelegrafenbergPotsdamGermany Norwegian University of Life Sciences ÅsNorway Georg-August Universität Göttingen GöttingenGermany

Jacques Touret(Fig.1)passed away on 11 March 2024 in Paris at the age of 88 after a long *** is survived by his wife Lydie Touret,four children,and 14 *** was a pioneer in the field of fluid inclusions and its applications in high-grade metamorphic *** his retrospective paper in Geoscience Frontiers(Touret,2014),Jacques described himself as someone who dedicated"...a great part of my scientifiic life to the study of minute bubbles in rocks issued from the most extreme depths of our mother Earth".He will be remembered as a very amiable person and his infectious enthusiasm for fluid inclusions.

关键词： someone remember mother

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Some Mean Convergence Theorems for the Maximum of Normed double Sums of Banach Space Valued Random Elements

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1727-1740页

作者： Andrew ROSALSKY Le van THANH Nguyen Thi THUY Department of Statistics University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-8545USA Department of Mathematics Vinh UniversityVinhNghe AnViet Nam High School for Gifted Students Vinh UniversityVinhNghe AnViet Nam

In this correspondence,we establish mean convergence theorems for the maximum of normed double sums of Banach space valued random *** of the results pertain to random elements which are *** expand and improve a number of particular cases in the literature on mean convergence of random elements in Banach *** of the main contributions of the paper is to simplify and improve a recent result of Li,Presnell,and Rosalsky[Journal of Mathematical Inequalities,16,117–126(2022)].A new maximal inequality for double sums of M-dependent random elements is proved which may be of independent *** sharpness of the results is illustrated by four examples.

关键词： double sum mean convergence Rademacher type p Banach space Banach space valued random element M-dependent random elements

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Cardiovascular abnormalities of long-COVID syndrome:Pathogenic basis and potential strategy for treatment and rehabilitation

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 221-231页

作者： Kainuo Wu Jonathan van Name Lei Xi Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine(M.D.Class 2024) RichmondVA23298USA Pauley Heart Center Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA23298-0204USA

Cardiac injury and sustained cardiovascular abnormalities in long-COVID syndrome,***-acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have emerged as a debilitating health burden that has posed challenges for management of pre-existing cardiovascular conditions and other associated chronic comorbidities in the most vulnerable group of patients recovered from acute COVID-19.A clear and evidence-based guideline for treating cardiac issues of long-COVID syndrome is still *** this review,we have summarized the common cardiac symptoms reported in the months after acute COVID-19 illness and further evaluated the possible pathogenic factors underlying the pathophysiology process of *** mechanistic understanding of how Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)damages the heart and vasculatures is critical in developing targeted therapy and preventive measures for limiting the viral *** the currently available therapeutic interventions,a considerable portion of patients recovered from severe COVID-19 have reported a reduced functional reserve due to ***,a rigorous and comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program with individualized exercise protocols would be instrumental for the patients with long-COVID to regain the physicalﬁtness levels comparable to their pre-illness baseline.

关键词： Long-COVID syndrome Cardiac rehabilitation Exercise intolerance Inﬂammation Hypoxia inducible factor 1 SARS-CoV-2 tropism

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Urbanization does not increase“object curiosity”in vervet monkeys,but semi-urban individuals selectively explore food-related anthropogenic items

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 383-393页

作者： Lindsey Ellington Stephanie Mercier Alba Motes-Rodrigo Erica van de Waal Sofa Forss Behavioural&Physiological Ecology University of GroningenP.O.Box 111039700 CCGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneBiophore-CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057ZurichSwitzerland School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville3209South Africa

Urban environments expose animals to abundant anthropogenic materials and foods that facilitate foraging innovations in species with oppor-tunistic diets and high behavioral *** and exploration tendency are believed to be important behavioral traits for animals thriving in urban *** monkeys(Chlorocebus pygerythrus)are one of few primate species that have successfully adapted to urban environments,thus making them an ideal species to study these *** a within-species cross-habitat approach,we compared neophilia and exploration of novel objects(jointly referred to as"object curiosity")between semi-urban,wild,and captive monkeys to shed light on the cognitive traits facilitating urban *** measure"object curiosity:"we exposed monkeys to various types of novel stimuli and compared their approaches and explorative *** results revealed differences in the number of approaches and explorative behavior toward novel stimuli between the habitat types *** vervet monkeys were significantly more explorative than both semi-urban and wild troops,sug-gesting that positive experiences with humans and lack of predation,rather than exposure to human materials per se,influence object *** habitats,juvenile males were the most explorative age-sex *** is likely due to males being the dispersing sex and juveniles being more motivated to learn about their ***,we found that items potentially associated with human food,elicited stronger explorative responses in semi-urban monkeys than non-food related objects,suggesting that their motivation to explore might be driven by"anthrophilia'that is,their experience of rewarding foraging on similar anthropogenic food *** conclude that varying levels of exposure to humans,predation and pre-exposure to human food packaging explain variation in"object curiosity"in our sample of vervet monkeys.

关键词： animal urbanization neophilia novelty response object curiosity vervet monkeys

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