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A Hybrid Model for Improving Software Cost Estimation in Global Software Development

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1399-1422页

作者： Mehmood Ahmed Noraini b.Ibrahim Wasif Nisar Adeel Ahmed Muhammad Junaid Emmanuel Soriano Flores divya Anand Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Parit RajaBatu Pahat86400Malaysia Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Wah Cantt CampusIslamabad47010Pakistan Department of Information Technology The University of HaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa22620Pakistan Engineering Research Innovation Group Universidad Europea del AtlanticoSantander39011Spain

Accurate software cost estimation in Global Software Development(GSD)remains challenging due to reliance on historical data and expert *** models,such as the Constructive Cost Model(COCOMO II),rely heavily on historical and accurate *** addition,expert judgment is required to set many input parameters,which can introduce subjectivity and variability in the estimation ***,there is a need to improve the current GSD models to mitigate reliance on historical data,subjectivity in expert judgment,inadequate consideration of GSD-based cost drivers and limited integration of modern technologies with cost *** study introduces a novel hybrid model that synergizes the COCOMO II with Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)to address these *** proposed hybrid model integrates additional GSD-based cost drivers identified through a systematic literature review and further vetted by industry *** article compares the effectiveness of the proposedmodelwith state-of-the-artmachine learning-basedmodels for software cost *** the NASA 93 dataset by adopting twenty-six GSD-based cost drivers reveals that our hybrid model achieves superior accuracy,outperforming existing *** findings indicate the potential of combining COCOMO II,ANN,and additional GSD-based cost drivers to transform cost estimation in GSD.

关键词： Artificial neural networks COCOMO II cost drivers global software development linear regression software cost estimation

Comparative utility of vestibular function tests in patients with peripheral and central vestibular dysfunction

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Journal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 5-9页

作者： Cameron b.Fattahi Christopher Zaro Janice J.Chung Richard F.Lewis divya A.Chari Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery UMASS Memorial Medical CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA Jenks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory Massachusetts Eye and EarBostonMAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and EarHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Neurology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

background: bithermal caloric irrigation, video head impulse test(vHIT), and rotational testing are commonly used to assess peripheral vestibular function, but the relative clinical utility of each test in differentiating patients with peripheral vestibulopathy is ***: To determine whether(1) the combination of two or more vestibular tests enhances diagnostic utility over a single test;(2) abnormal test results on vestibular tests correlate with one ***: Retrospective analysis of data collected from multidisciplinary vestibular clinics at two academic medical centers from 2016 to ***: 150 patients(54.10 ± 15.09 years, 88 females) were included. No individual test was significantly better at predicting the presence of peripheral vestibular damage(p > 0.05). vHIT test results improved significantly when combined with either the caloric test(p = 0.007) or rotary chair test(p = 0.039). Caloric and rotational testing had high sensitivity(74.65% and 76.06%, respectively) and specificity(83.54% and 78.48%, respectively). vHIT demonstrated excellent specificity(89.87%) but poor sensitivity(47.89%). Caloric, vHIT, and rotary chair tests results did not correlate with one another(p > 0.05).Conclusions: Vestibular function tests have comparable diagnostic utility, yet each offers unique advantages. Caloric and rotational testing may be best suited for screening peripheral damage and vHIT may function ideally as a confirmatory test.

关键词： vestibular patients specificity

Automatic Detection and Classification of Insects Using Hybrid FF-GWO-CNN Algorithm

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1881-1898页

作者： b.divya M.Santhi Department of ECE Saranathan College of EngineeringTrichyIndia

Pest detection in agricultural cropﬁelds is the most challenging task,so an effective pest detection technique is required to detect insects *** processing techniques are widely preferred in agricultural science because they offer multiple advantages like maximal crop protection,improved crop man-agement and *** the other hand,developing the automatic pest mon-itoring system dramatically reduces the workforce and *** image processing approaches are limited due to the disadvantages like poor efﬁciency and less ***,a successful image processing technique based on FF-GWO-CNN classiﬁcation algorithm is introduced for effective pest monitor-ing and *** four-step image processing technique begins with image pre-processing,removing the insect image’s noise and sunlight illumination by utilizing an adaptive medianﬁ*** insects’size and shape are identiﬁed using the Expectation Maximization Algorithm(EMA)based clustering technique,which involves not only clustering the data but also uncovering the correlations by visualizing the global shape of an *** up robust feature(SURF)method is employed to select the best possible image ***,the image with best features is classiﬁed by introducing a hybrid FF-GWO-CNN algorithm,which combines the beneﬁts of Fireﬂy(FF),Grey Wolf Optimization(GWO)and Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)classiﬁcation algorithm for enhancing the classiﬁcation *** entire work is executed in MATLAb simulation *** test result reveals that the suggested technique has deliv-ered optimal performance with high accuracy of 97.5%,precision of 94%,recall of 92%and F-score value of 92%.

关键词： Adaptive medianﬁlter EMA SURF FF algorithm GWO CNN

Should we recycle the graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries?The untold story of graphite with the importance of recycling

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 351-369,I0010页

作者： Subramanian Natarajan Madhusoodhanan Lathika divya Vanchiappan Aravindan Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)

Demand for graphite in the forthcoming years to develop Li-ion batteries(LIbs)with the goal of driving electric vehicles(EV)and its requirement in multifarious energy storage applications as an *** emerging sector of LIb-based EVs,along with portable electronics,produces an inevitable volume of batteries in the e-waste *** main reason for the lower percentage of recycling(at present,ble in a massive amount of spent LIbs,are urgently needed to be updated to ensure the reuse of all *** approach lifts the recycling process to develop an economic one besides the geostrategic and environmental policy ***,we summarize the importance of graphite and its demand and specify the reasons to recycle the graphite from spent LIbs along with its development as an anode in ***,the approach of the current recycling process of graphite in lab-scale and industries for various applications,including energy storage,are discussed with the highlights of future progress.

关键词： Recycling Lithium-ion batteries Graphite Anode Capacitor

Efficacy of dietary phytase supplementation on laying performance and expression of osteopontin and calbindin genes in eggshell gland

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 52-58页

作者： divya Shet Jyotirmoy Ghosh Sreeja Ajith Vaibhav b.Awachat Arumbackam V.Elangovan ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Department of biotechnology Jain University Department of Microbiology Jain University

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary phytase supplementation in the layer feed on egg production performance,egg shell quality and expression of osteopontin(OPN) and calbindin(CALb1) ***-five White Leghorn layers at 23 weeks of age were randomly divided into 5 groups consisting of a control diet with 0.33% non-phytate phosphorus(NPP) and 4 low phosphorus(P) diets: 2 diets(T1 and T2) with 0.24% NPP t 250 FTU/kg laboratory produced phytase or commercial phytase and another 2 diets(T3 and T4) with 0.16% NPP t 500 FTU/kg laboratory produced phytase or commercial phytase with complete replacement of inorganic *** results indicated that there were no significant differences(P > 0.05) in egg production performance and quality of egg during the first 2 months of ***,in next 2 months,a significant drop in egg production and feed intake was observed in birds fed diets with low P and 500 FTU/kg supplementation of laboratory produced *** gene was up-regulated whereas the CALb1 gene was down regulated in all phytase treatment groups irrespective of the source of *** current data demonstrated that250 FTU/kg supplementation of laboratory produced phytase with 50% less NPP supplementation and500 FTU/kg supplementation of commercial phytase even without NPP in diet can maintain the egg *** up-regulation of OPN and down regulation of CALb1 in egg shell gland in the entire phytase treated group birds irrespective of the source of enzymes is indicative of the changes in P bioavailability at this site.

关键词： Phytase Layer Egg production Gene expression Egg shell

Yield Traits and Associated Marker Segregation in Elite Introgression Lines Derived from O. sativa × O. nivara

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Rice science 2018年第1期25卷 19-31页

作者： G.HARITHA b.P.M.SWAMY M.L.NAIK b.JYOTHI b.divya S.MALATHI N.SARLA Indian Council of Agricultural Research Indian Institute of Rice Research Plant breeding Genetics and Biotechnology Division International Rice Research Institute

Introgression lines(ILs)derived from interspecific crosses are a source of new genetic variability.A total of 55 ILs derived from two crosses Swarna×*** IRGC81848(population A)and Swarna×*** IRGC81832(population b)were characterized for yield and yield-related traits/*** of 103 simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers associated with yield-related QTLs was *** A showed an average of 12.6%homozygous *** alleles and population b showed 10.6%.Interestingly,three SSR markers,RM223,RM128 and RM517,showed conspicuous pattern of *** distribution of parental alleles at three loci RM223,RM128 and RM517 linked to yield-related traits was *** markers flanked to several yield-related ***223,flanking to qyld8.3,was heterozygous in almost all the 55 ILs except in IL10-3S and ***128 on chromosome 1 and RM517 on chromosome 3 were mutually exclusive in 46 out of 55 *** 46 ILs showed either of the marker allele RM128 or RM517 from *** but not ***166S had both RM128and RM517 from *** and the other ILs showed homozygous Swarna allele at RM517 except *** structure assigned the 55 ILs to three sub-populations based on their genomic ***65S,IL166S,IL248S,IL7K and IL250K showed high yields in multi-location trials,and IL248S was released for cultivation as DRRDhan 40.

关键词： introgression line heterozygosity Oryza nivara wild rice population structure yield simple sequence repeat

Arsenic contamination of groundwater:A global synopsis with focus on the Indian Peninsula

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 1-18页

作者： E.Shaji M.Santosh K.V.Sarath Pranav Prakash V.Deepchand b.V.divya Department of Geology University of KeralaKariavattom CampusTrivandrum 695581India School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

More than 2.5 billion people on the globe rely on groundwater for drinking and providing high-quality drinking water has become one of the major challenges of human *** groundwater is considered as safe,high concentrations of heavy metals like arsenic(As)can pose potential human health concerns and *** this paper,we present an overview of the current scenario of arsenic contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe with an emphasis on the Indian *** several newly affected regions reported during the last decade,a significant increase has been observed in the global scenario of arsenic *** is estimated that nearly 108 countries are affected by arsenic contamination in groundwater with concentration beyond maximum permissible limit of 10 ppb recommended by the World Health *** highest among these are from Asia(32)and Europe(31),followed by regions like Africa(20),North America(11),South America(9)and Australia(4).More than 230 million people worldwide,which include 180 million from Asia,are at risk of arsenic *** Asian countries,bangladesh,India,Pakistan,China,Nepal,Vietnam,burma,Thailand and Cambodia,are the most *** India,20 states and 4 Union Territories have so far been affected by arsenic contamination in *** attempt to evaluate the correlation between arsenic poisoning and aquifer type shows that the groundwater extracted from unconsolidated sedimentary aquifers,particularly those which are located within the younger orogenic belts of the world,are the worst *** than 90%of arsenic pollution is inferred to be *** infer that alluvial sediments are the major source for arsenic contamination in groundwater and we postulate a strong relation with plate tectonic processes,mountain building,erosion and *** consumption of arsenic-contaminated groundwater results in severe health issues like skin,lung,kidney and bladder ca

关键词： Arsenic contamination Groundwater Indo-Gangetic alluvium Orogenic belts Global tectonics Asia

Informative ISSR Markers Help Identify Genetically Distinct Accessions of Oryza rufipogon in Yield Improvement

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Rice science 2016年第5期23卷 225-241页

作者： G.HARITHA T.SUDHAKAR D.CHANDRA T.RAM b.divya N.SARLA ICAR Indian Institute of Rice Research

Inter simple sequence repeat（ISSR） polymorphism was used to determine genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in 90 genotypes of wild and cultivated species of Oryza from different geographical regions of the world. In all the 17 primers used in ISSR-PCR, a total of 11 464 bands were amplified at 253 band positions/loci. The primer UbC-809 amplified the maximum bands（1 059） at 21 band positions. UbC-810 and UbC-835 amplified the minimum of 391 bands each at 7 and 14 band positions, respectively. The mean polymorphism information content ranged from 0.44 to 0.84 and resolving power ranged from 8.69 to 23.53. Un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram and population structure based on the 17 primers separated all genotypes into 4 major clusters with a genetic similarity of 53%–100%. The first two clusters consisted of 30 O. rufipogon accessions each. In the third cluster, O. nivara and O. longistaminata grouped as one sub-cluster and all other O. nivara accessions and cultivars grouped as another sub-cluster. The fourth cluster had only five O. rufipogon accessions which can be a source of new genes. Four sub-populations were identified within O. rufipogon and two sub-populations within O. nivara at K = 7. A subset of six primers with high resolving power values were the most informative and grouped all genotypes almost similarly as the 17 primers did. Use of these six highly informative primers in ISSR-PCR is a cost effective and robust method for assessing genetic diversity in large germplasm collections of wild rice species.

关键词： Oryza wild species genetic diversity population structure inter simple sequence repeat

Electronic and optical properties of TiO_2 and its polymorphs by Z-scan method

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Chinese Physics b 2014年第8期23卷 340-344页

作者： S. divya V P N Nampoori P Radhakrishnan A Mujeeb International School of Photonics Cochin University of Science and Technology

TiO2 is a material which has attracted considerable attention from the scientific community for its innumerable prop- erties. TiO2 is known to exist in nature in three different crystalline structures： rutile, anatase, and brookite. Anatase and rutile TiO2 films have been widely characterized for their potential applications in solar cells, self-cleaning coatings, and photocatalysis. In the present report, the third-order nonlinear susceptibilities of TiO2 and its polymorphs, anatase, and rutile, prepared by the sol-gel technique followed by heat treatment are investigated using the Z-scan technique at a wavelength of 532 nm with a duration of 7 ns. Imaginary and real values of Z（3） for amorphous, anatase, and rutile are also calculated and found to be 5 × 10^-19 m2/V2, 27 × 10^-19 m2/V2, 19 × 10^-19 m2/V2, respectively. It is found that the values of the optical constants of amorphous TiO2 after heat treatment vary considerably. It is assumed that this could be due to the variation in the electronic structure of TiO2 synchronous with the formation of its polymorphs, anatase, and rutile. Amorphous TiO2 is marked by the localization of the tail states near the band gap, whereas its crystalline counterparts are characterized by completely delocalized tail states.

关键词： excitons reverse saturable absorption (RSA) excitonic nonlinearity