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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1174-1185页

作者： Sumit Bhattacharyya Joanne k.Tobacman Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and University of.Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL 60612USA

Immunostaining in lungs of.patients who died with CovID-19 inf.ction showed increased intensity and distribution of.chondroitin sulf.te and decline in N-acetylgalactostamine-4-sulf.tase(Arylsulf.tase B;ARSB).To explain these f.ndings,human small airway epithelial cells were exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 spik. protein receptor binding domain(SPRBD)and transcriptional mechanisms were ***-p38 MAPk.and phospho-SMAD3 increased f.llowing exposure to the SPRBD,and their inhibition suppressed the promoter activation of.the carbohydrate sulf.transf.rases CHST15 and CHST11,which contributed to chondroitin sulf.te *** in ARSB was mediated by phospho-38 MAPk.induced N-terminal Rb phosphorylation and an associated increase in Rb-E2f. binding and decline in E2f. binding to the ARSB *** increases in chondroitin sulf.transf.rases were inhibited when treated with phospho-p38-MAPk.inhibitors,SMAD3(SIS3)inhibitors,as well as antihistamine desloratadine and antibiotic *** the mouse model of.carrageenan-induced systemic inf.ammation,increases in phosphop38 MAPk.and expression of.CHST15 and CHST11 and declines in DNA-E2f.binding and ARSB expression occurred in the lung,similar to theobserved ef.ects in this SPRBD model of.COVID-19 *** accumulation of.chondroitin sulf.tes is associated with f.brotic lung conditions and dif.use alveolar damage,increased attention to p38-MAPk.inhibition may be benef.cial in amelioratingCovid-19inf.ctions.

关键词： ACE2 lung inhibited

Python Server Page Perf.rmance Analysis and Modeling

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Communications and Network 2024年第1期16卷 1-30页

作者： Razaf.ndraibe Marolahy Alix Randrianomenjanahary Lala f.rdinand Raf.mantanantsoa f.ntaine Mahatody Thomas f. Angelo Raherinirina University of.f.anarantsoa Fianarantsoa Madagascar

Today, in the f.eld of.computer network., new services have been developed on the Internet or intranets, including the mail server, database management, sounds, videos and the web server itself.Apache. The number of.solutions f.r this server is theref.re growing continuously, these services are becoming more and more complex and expensive, without being able to f.lf.ll the needs of.the users. The absence of.benchmark. f.r websites with dynamic content is the major obstacle to research in this area. These users place high demands on the speed of.access to inf.rmation on the Internet. This is why the perf.rmance of.the web server is critically important. Several f.ctors inf.uence perf.rmance, such as server execution speed, network.saturation on the internet or intranet, increased response time, and throughputs. By measuring these f.ctors, we propose a perf.rmance evaluation strategy f.r servers that allows us to determine the actual perf.rmance of.dif.erent servers in terms of.user satisf.ction. f.rthermore, we identif.ed perf.rmance characteristics such as throughput, resource utilization, and response time of.a system through measurement and modeling by simulation. f.nally, we present a simple queue model of.an Apache web server, which reasonably represents the behavior of.a saturated web server using the Simulink.model in Matlab (Matrix Laboratory) and also incorporates sporadic incoming traf.ic. We obtain server perf.rmance metrics such as average response time and throughput through simulations. Compared to other models, our model is conceptually straightf.rward. The model has been validated through measurements and simulations during the tests that we conducted.

关键词： Perf.rmance Analysis Queue Perf.rmance Model Web Server Internet World Wide Web Web Server Perf.rmance

Ef.ects of.Impurity on Microstructure and Hardness in Pure Al Subjected to Dynamic Plastic Def.rmation at Cryogenic Temperature

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Journal of.Materials Science & Technology 2011年第7期27卷 628-632页

作者： f. Huang N.R. Tao k. Lu Shenyang National Laboratory f.r Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

Microstructure and hardness were investigated in pure Al samples with dif.erent purities （5N： 99.999%, 4N： 99.993%, and 2N： 99.7% in weight） subjected to dynamic plastic def.rmation at cryogenic temperatures. The saturated sizes of.ref.ned grains/subgrains in these samples induced by plastic def.rmation are about 240 nm without an obvious impurity ef.ect, but the dislocation density in 2N Al is evidently higher than that in other samples. Boundary misorientations f.r 5N and 4N Al are below 10° with average values of.2–3°, while the average misorientation f.r 2N Al is obviously larger, being about 14°. Microhardness of.LNT-DPD 2N Al is higher than that of.5N and 4N Al, owing to the enhanced dislocation density as their grain/subgrain sizes are almost identical.

关键词： Aluminum Impurity Nanostructure Grain ref.nement

Endoplasmic reticulum stress,autophagy,neuroinf.ammation,and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chik. f.jii Charles f.Zorumsk. Yuk.toshi Izumi Department of.Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor f.mily Institute f.r Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The etiological f.ctors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undef.ned. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-def.ned mechanisms that play critical f.nctions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets f.r the pathophysiology and treatment of.psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of.studies indicate the involvement of.endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of.neuroinf.ammation, a contributing f.ctor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inf.ammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinf.ammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of.autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinf.ammation. The aim of.this review is to summarize our current understanding of.the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of.endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinf.ammation in the central nervous system. Studies f.cused on innate immune f.ctors, including neurosteroids with anti-inf.ammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of.depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of.molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of.sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinf.ammation.

关键词： allopregnanolone f.uvoxamine k.tamine neurosteroids postpartum depression quercetin

Item-Level Analysis of.the Revised Occupational Therapy f.eldwork.Perf.rmance Evaluation Applied in Practice

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Open Journal of.Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第2期12卷 145-159页

作者： Cynthia L. Sears Brad E. Egan Patricia f. Tomsic Craig A. Velozo Graduate College of.Health Prof.ssions Occupational Therapy Program Hawai&#8217i Pacific University Honolulu HI USA College of.Science and Health Occupational Therapy Program DePaul University Chicago IL USA Department of.Occupational Therapy Wingate University Wingate NC USA College of.Health Prof.ssions Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Division of Occupational Therapy Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA

Competency-based assessments f.r healthcare prof.ssionals are critical f.r saf. and ef.ective client outcomes. Rehabilitation clinical sk.ll competency assessments must be validated and revised to produce saf. and sk.lled practitioners. The revised American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) f.eldwork.Perf.rmance Evaluation (f.PE) instrument measures occupational therapy student perf.rmance to determine readiness f.r practice. The assessment includes thirty-seven competencies that address both prof.ssion specif.c clinical sk.lls and general prof.ssional behavior sk.lls. The objective of.this study was to use Rasch methods to explore the use of.the revised f.PE in actual f.eldwork.practice and to determine the instrument’s psychometric properties when separating the item components into two distinct subdomains: General Health Prof.ssions Competences and Occupational Therapy-Specif.c Competencies. Internal construct validity and test reliability were analyzed using data f.om 149 occupational therapy students af.er completing their initial Level II A f.eldwork.clinical internship. This study examined the item dif.iculty hierarchy, item f.t, person-f.t to model, person separation index, person separation reliability coef.icient, strata, ceiling and f.oor ef.ect, and unidimensionality of.the f.PE instrument as a whole and as two separate domains. With the exception of.not meeting the criteria f.r unidimensionality, the f.ll f.PE instrument and the Occupational Therapy-Specif.c Competencies subdomain showed acceptable item-level psychometrics f.r reliability and precision. While the General Health Prof.ssions Competencies subdomain showed good item-level psychometrics, it was below the criterion f.r reliability and only separated the sample into two strata. Results support the validity, reliability, and clinical use of.the revised f.PE f.ll instrument and the Occupational Therapy-Specif.c Competencies subdomain to measure entry-level clinical sk.ll competencies in pr

关键词： Rehabilitation Competency-Based Assessments Occupational Therapy Measurement Rasch Analysis

The ef.ects of.local variations in conditions on carbon storage and release in the continental mantle

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 22-36页

作者： Stephen f.f.ley Chunf.i Chen Dorrit E.Jacob School of.Natural Sciences Macquarie University Research School of.Earth Sciences Australian National University State k.y Laboratory of.Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

Recent advances indicate that the amount of.carbon released by gradual degassing f.om the mantle needs to be revised upwards, whereas the carbon supplied by plumes may have been overestimated in the *** in rock.types and oxidation state may be very local and exert strong inf.uences on carbon storage and release mechanisms. Deep subduction may be prevented by diapirism in thick.sedimentary pack.ges,whereas carbonates in thinner sequences may be subducted. Carbonates stored in the mantle transition zone will melt when they heat up, recognized by coupled stable isotope systems(e.g. Mg, Zn, Ca). There is no single ‘mantle oxygen f.gacity’, particularly in the thermal boundary layer(TBL) and lowermost lithosphere, where very local mixtures of.rock.types coexist. Carbonate-rich melts f.om either subduction or melting of.the uppermost asthenosphere trap carbon by redox f.eezing or as carbonate-rich dyk.s in this zone. Deeply derived, reduced melts may f.rm f.rther diamond reservoirs, recognized as polycrystalline diamonds associated with websteritic silicate minerals. Carbon is released by either edge-driven convection,which tears sections of.the TBL and lower lithosphere down so that they melt by a mixture of.heating and oxidation, or by lateral advection of.solids beneath rif.s. Both mechanisms operate at steps in lithosphere thick.ess and result in carbonate-rich melts, explaining the spatial association of.craton edges and carbonate-rich magmatism. High-pressure experiments on individual rock.types, and increasingly on reactions between rock. and melts, are f.ne-tuning our understanding of.processes and turning up unexpected results that are not seen in studies of.single rock.. f.ture research should concentrate on elucidating local variations and integrating these with the interpretation of.geophysical signals. Global concepts such as average sediment compositions and a unif.rm mantle oxidation state are not appropriate f.r small-scale processes; an increa

关键词： lithospheric mantle carbonate melts deep carbon cycle craton destruction continental rif.s

Understanding the neighborhoods’in-between spaces on spatial perception,social interaction,and security

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f.ontiers of.Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 21-36页

作者： Lizeth f.lix Mariel Organista Autonomous University of.Baja Calif.rnia Ensenada 22860Mexico

This study ref.ects on the impact that the neighborhoods’in-between spaces have on:spatial perception,social interaction,and *** sites,characterized by their abandonment and deterioration,can also be seen as crucial spaces of.opportunity f.r cities,in the architectural,urban and landscape *** paper aims to analyze the sociospatial relationships in the neighborhoods’in-between spaces and examine the impact of.inbetween space conf.guration on urban *** investigation draws on a survey of.perception to residents about the requirements f.r a suitable social interaction in these *** study was developed in a neighborhood in the city periphery,characterized by their social dynamics and location in a nature conservation *** f.ndings indicate that the appropriation process,activities,and collective practices are dependent on the spatial legibility,in this case when this increases,gives rise to improve the habitability and the rehabilitation of.the in-between ***,the lack.of.design on in-between spaces substantially af.ects the use of.these spaces and the social interaction among residents.

关键词： In-between spaces Socio-spatial relationships Habitability Neighborhoods Security

Classif.cation of.Conversational Sentences Using an Ensemble Pre-Trained Language Model with the f.ne-Tuned Parameter

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1669-1686页

作者： R.Sujatha k.Nimala Department of.Network.ng and Communications SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurChengalpattuTamilnadu603203India

Sentence classif.cation is the process of.categorizing a sentence based on the context of.the *** categorization requires more semantic highlights than other task.,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic *** existing strategies f.cus on the general semantics of.a conversation without involving the context of.the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing *** ensemble pre-trained language model was tak.n up here to classif. the conversation sentences f.om the conversation *** conversational sentences are classif.ed into f.ur categories:inf.rmation,question,directive,and *** classif.cation label sequences are f.r analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the peck.ng order of.the *** of.Bidirectional Encoder f.r Representation of.Transf.rmer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transf.rmer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining f.r Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with *** tuning approach is carried out f.r better perf.rmance on sentence *** Ensemble of.Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation *** proposed approach outperf.rmed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transf.rmer *** proposed ensemble model with the f.ne-tuned parameters achieved an f._score of.0.88.

关键词： Bidirectional encoder f.r representation of.transf.rmer conversation ensemble model f.ne-tuning generalized autoregressive pretraining f.r language understanding generative pre-trained transf.rmer hyperparameter tuning natural language processing robustly optimized BERT pretraining approach sentence classif.cation transf.rmer models

Clinical studies in COVID-related olf.ctory disorders:Review of.an institutional experience

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World Journal of.Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck.Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 129-136页

作者： Theresa Tharak.n Dorina k.llogjeri Jay f.Piccirillo Department of.Otolaryngology-Head and Neck.Surgery Clinical Outcomes Research OfficeSchool of MedicineWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMissouriUSA

Objective:To share a single institutional experience with clinical research on COVID-related olf.ctory dysf.nction(OD).Data Source/Method:Narrative review of.published original data and ongoing clinical trials on COVID-related OD at Washington University f.om 2020 to ***:There were three new diagnostic-/patient-reported outcome measures developed and *** report f.ve clinical trials of.interventions f.r COVID-related olf.ctory disorders:combined Visual-Olf.ctory Training(VOLT)with patient-pref.rred scents versus standard olf.ctory training(VOLT trial),oral gabapentin versus placebo(Gabapentin f.r the Relief.of.Acquired Chemosensory Experience trial),nasal theophylline irrigations versus placebo(Smell Changes and Ef.icacy of.Nasal Theophylline trial),stellate ganglion block.single-arm),and mindf.lness-based stress reduction(MBSR)versus lif.style intervention(MBSR trial).Conclusions:Initial intervention trials f.r COVID-related OD have shown potential f.r improving subjective and objective olf.ctory ***,there remains no gold standard treatment that def.nitively outperf.rms placebo in controlled ***,continued investigation of.novel therapeutic strategies f.r COVID-related OD is necessary to maximize olf.ctory outcomes f.r af.ected patients.

关键词： chemosensory disorders COVID olf.ctory dysf.nction

Hordedane diterpenoid phytoalexins restrict f.sarium graminearum inf.ction but enhance Bipolaris sorok.niana colonization of.barley roots

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1307-1327页

作者： Yaming Liu Dario Esposto Lisa k.Mahdi Andrea Porzel Pauline Stark.Hidayat Hussain Anja Scherr-Henning Simon Isf.rt Ulschan.Bathe Ivan f.Acosta Alga Zuccaro Gerd U.Balck. Alain Tissier Department of.Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Institute f.r Plant Sciences Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences(CEPLAS)Cologne BiocenterUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Department of.Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalleGermany Max Planck.Institute f.r Plant Breeding Research CologneGermany Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA.

Plant immunity is a multilayered process that includes recognition of.patterns or ef.ectors f.om pathogens to elicit def.nse *** include the induction of.a cock.ail of.def.nse metabolites that typically restrict pathogen ***,we investigate the interaction between barley roots and the f.ngal pathogens Bipolaris sorok.niana(Bs)and f.sarium graminearum(f.)at the metabolite *** identif. hordedanes,a previously undescribed set of.labdane-related diterpenoids with antimicrobial properties,as critical players in these *** of.barley roots by Bs and f. elicits hordedane synthesis f.om a 60o-k. gene *** reconstruction of.the biosynthesis pathway in yeast and Nicotiana benthamiana produced several hordedanes,including one of.the most f.nctionally decorated products 19-β-hydroxy-hordetrienoic acid(19-OH-HTA).Barley mutants in the diterpene synthase genes of.this cluster are unable to produce hordedanes but,unexpectedly,show reduced Bs *** contrast,colonization by f.sarium graminearum,another f.ngal pathogen of.barley and wheat,is 4-f.ld higher in the mutants completely lack.ng ***,19-OH-HTA enhances both germination and growth of.Bs,whereas it inhibits other pathogenic f.ngi,including *** of.microscopy and transcriptomics data suggest that hordedanes delay the necrotrophic phase of.*** together,these results show that adapted pathogens such as Bs can subvert plant metabolic def.nses to f.cilitate root colonization.

关键词： barley Hordeum vulgare diterpenoid phytoalexins gene cluster pathogenic f.ngi Bipolaris sorok.niniana f.sarium graminearum