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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期13卷 719-726页

作者： Bangoura Kaba Diallo Fatoumata Binta Kolié Ouo-Ouo Camara Salematou Hassimiou Diallo Mohamed Lamine diop mamadou mous.apha Camara Emmanuel Kouyate mous.apha Department of Pediatrics Donka CHU Conakry Guinea Department of Pediatrics Gamal Abdel Nasser Conakry University Conakry Guinea

Renal damage is one of the most frequent and serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Even if this disease is the prerogative of female adults, it can affect children especially during the peri-pubertal period. The aim of this work is to highlight the clinical-biological and progressive characteristics of lupus nephropathy in children.

关键词： Nephropathy Lupus Child

Contribution of 99mTc-DPD Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis in Black Africans

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2022年第1期12卷 27-37页

作者： Djigo Mamoudou Salif Ndong Boucar Bathily El Hadji Amadou Lamine diop Ousseynou Gueye Kalidou Thiaw Gora Ndoye Oumar Mbodj mamadou Department de Medecine Nucleaire Hô pital General Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal Department de Medecine Nucleaire Hô pital Dalal JAMM Dakar Senegal

Cardiac amyloidosis presents a picture of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. It is largely underdiagnosed, especially in black Africans, and therefore falls under the category of heart disease classified as idiopathic. Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is mainly found in Caucasian subjects and the mutant variant of transthyretin (TTRm) in negroid subjects. Numerous studies have shown that ATTRm was found predominantly in black American and black British patients. In African countries the entity of idiopathic heart failure is quite important because of lack of diagnosis, ETT, MRI and immuno-histochemistry are expensive or not available. We can probably assume that the proportion of cardiac amyloidosis is quite important in black Africans. The question is if 99mTc-DPD really easy to perform, can probably help to investigate in the nuclear medicine department in Africa. No large-scale study has been able to demonstrate the prevalence or not of cardiac amyloidosis in black-African subjects and by extension reduce this nosological entity of idiopathic heart disease. The 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy using Perrugini’s visual sore allows localization and classification of amyloid damage. The mechanism of binding of 99mTc-DPD to amyloid fibril deposits is not well known, its binding to TTR-type (mutated or wild type) amyloidosis is greater than the AL variant. In the diagnostic algorithm, endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard but remains invasive, ETT with the strain allows a presumptive diagnosis and remains an operative examination dependent and is not reproducible. Cardiac MRI allows some localization of amyloid deposits but still remains less sensitive than scintigraphy. In addition, performing the whole-body MRI is very restrictive (time, antenna change and cost). The aim of this literature review was to show the superiority of 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy compared to other diagnostic modaliti

关键词： Amyloidosis TTRm AL 99mTc-DPD Bone Scintigraphy

The Epidemiological, Clinical, Paraclinical and Prognostic Aspects of Severe Malaria at the Regional Hospital of Thies

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2018年第3期8卷 162-171页

作者： Agbogbenkou Tévi Déla-dem Lawson Madoky Magatte diop Viviane Marie Pierre Cisse Stéphanie Akanni Adama Berthe Papa Souleymane Toure Bernard Marcel diop mamadou Mourtalla Ka Department of Health Thies University Thies Senegal Internal Medicine Department Thies Regional Hospital Center Thies Senegal Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department Fann Teaching University Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Malaria, the first parasitical endemic disease in the world, is a serious disease with 407,000 deaths in Africa in 2016. It is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in Senegal [1] [2]. Methods: Our retrospective study carried out from 1st January 2010 to 31 December 2013, at the department of internal medicine in the regional hospital of Thies was aimed at studying the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and prognostic profile of severe malaria in the autochthonous adults with 15 years and more. Results: Over this 3-year period, 57 patients were hospitalized in 1275 patients due to severe malaria that is to say a hospital prevalence of 4.47%. The average age was 64.21. A clear male predominance has been observed, around 61% (34/57) against 39% (23/57) with a sex ratio of 1.6. The highest malarial infestation rate was found at the end of the rainy season and at the beginning of the dry season (September to November). The clinical picture which predominates is the neurological affection which represented 33.3% of the cases. The different aspects of this neurological affection were of coma type, convulsion and prostration in 87%;21.7% and 8.6% respectively. The cerebral malaria was associated or not with other symptoms of severity that are anemia in 41.6%;icterus was represented in 21% of the cases, cardio-vascular collapse in 15.8% and hypoglycemia in 5.5% of the cases. The complications were observed during the hospitalization in 73.6% of the cases with the type of bacterial pneumonia (47.6%) and urinary infections (26.2%). The curative treatment was based on quinine salts through intravenous track in 100% of the case with a shift to the Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) associated with intense care measures. In our study the whole lethality is 17%. Conclusion: The results of our study shows that the severe forms of malaria are still affecting our tropical endemic area, in spite of the prevention efforts made to fight against this plague. Th

关键词： Malaria Severe Malaria Quinine ACT

A.C. Recombination Velocity as Applied to Determine n+/p/p+Silicon Solar Cell Base Optimum Thickness

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Energy and Power Engineering 2020年第10期12卷 543-554页

作者： Amadou Mar Ndiaye Sega Gueye Ousmane Sow Gora diop Amadou Mamour Ba mamadou Lamine Ba Ibrahima Diatta Lemrabott Habiboullah Gregoire Sissoko Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy Physics Department Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal University Institute of Technology University of Thiès Thiès Senegal Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique de Nouakchott Département Génie Electrique Nouackchott Mauritanie

This work deals with determining the optimum thickness of the base of an n+/p/p+ silicon solar cell under monochromatic illumination in frequency modulation. The continuity equation for the density of minority carriers generated in the base, by a monochromatic wavelength illumination (λ), with boundary conditions that impose recombination velocities (Sf) and (Sb) respectively at the junction and back surface, is resolved. The ac photocurrent is deduced and studied according to the recombination velocity at the junction, to extract the mathematical expressions of recombination velocity (Sb). By the graphic technique of comparing the two expressions obtained, depending on the thickness (H) of the base, for each frequency, the optimum thickness (Hopt) is obtained. It is then modeled according to the frequency, at the long wavelengths of the incident light. Thus, Hopt decreases due to the low relaxation time of minority carriers, when the frequency of modulation of incident light increases.

关键词： Silicon Solar Cell Modulation Frequency Recombination Velocity Base Thickness Wavelength

Profiling Hepatitis B Viral Load: Treatment and Epidemiological Implications in a West African Hospital

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 703-714页

作者： Papa Silman Diawara Mor Ngom Maguette Ndoye mamadou Wague Gueye Sokhna M. Daffe Nata Dieng Ibrahima Diallo Bécaye Fall Macoura Gadji mous.apha diop Pape Samba Ba Yankhoba diop Federation of Laboratories Principal Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal Hematology Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Hepato-Gastro-Enterology Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Biological Hematology & Oncology-Hematology (HBOH) National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS)/FMPOS-UCAD Dakar Senegal Infectious Diseases Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the largest public health problems with nearly 350 million chronic carriers and 500,000 deaths each year. These deaths are most often associated with disease progression to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, which some studies have shown is associated with long-term viral replication in chronic carriers. Viral load quantification, a key element of disease management, is expensive and difficult to access. Viral load plays a crucial role in patient classification and treatment initiation. Four years after the implementation of viral load platform, the objective of this study was to assess viral load profile in HBs chronic carriers in a sub-Saharan Hospital and to determine the potential impact of this distribution on preventive and therapeutic strategies against hepatitis B infection. Materials and Method: The study was carried out between April 2016 and October 2020 in the laboratory of the PRINCIPAL Hospital in Dakar. All patients referred for HBV DNA viral load testing following a positive AgHBs test were included. Incomplete medical records were excluded from the study. Only the first quantification test performed on each patient is recorded. DNA extraction was performed with COBAS AmpliPrep (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA). Amplification was performed using COBAS TaqMan48 (Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Branchburg, NJ, USA). Data were collected from the laboratory’s computer system and entered into Microsoft Excel (2007). Statistical analyzes were performed using Epi-Info 7 software. Results: A total of 3002 patients, 76.1% (2285/3002) men and 33.9% (717/3002) women, were included in the study. Young adults were most represented among the subjects (23.2%) and (20.1%) in the age groups 25 - 30 and 30 - 35. The majority (52.7%) of patients had viral loads between 20 and 2000 IU. Patients with undetectable viral loads and patients with viral loads below 20 IU comprised 14.6% and

关键词： Hepatitis B Viral Load Senegal Treatment

Trend Analysis in Rainfall, Reference Evapotranspiration and Aridity Index in Southern Senegal: Adaptation to the Vulnerability of Rainfed Rice Cultivation to Climate Change

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2017年第4期7卷 476-495页

作者： Komlan Koudahe Koffi Djaman Ansoumana Bodian Suat Irmak mamadou Sall Lamine diop Alpha B. Balde Daran R. Rudnick Direction des Filières Végétales (DFV) MAEH Lomé Togo Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences New Mexico State University Agricultural Science Center at Farmington Farm-ington NM USA Laboratoire Leïdi “Dynamique des territoires et développement” Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint Louis Sénégal Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln Chase Hall Lincoln NE USA Research Scientist Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles Centre de Saint Louis Saint Louis Sénégal UFR S2ATA Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint Louis Sénégal Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles Bambey Sénégal

Rainfall and evapotranspiration are two vital elements for food production under rainfed agriculture. This study aims at investigating the combined changes in these variables in the form of aridly index in the southern Senegal. The temporal trends in annual and monthly (from May to October) aridity index, rainfall and evapotranspiration are examined and adaptation strategies to the vulnerability of rainfed rice cultivation to the changes are developed. The results show a significant decreasing trend in annual rainfall at all study locations for the period 1922-2015. When analyzing the trends in sub-periods, there are two clear patterns in the annual rainfall series: a decreasing trend for the period 1922-1979 and a reversal increasing trend for the period 1980-2015. An increasing trend is also observed in annual reference evapotranspiration. The results reveal that the region will be drier with a significant increase in aridity at the annual and most monthly series. Appropriate adaptation strategies should be implemented to diminish the adverse influence of the increasing aridity on rice productivity for a sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Variation Evapotranspiration Rainfall Aridity Index Senegal Rainfed Rice

AC Back Surface Recombination Velocity as Applied to Optimize the Base Thickness under Temperature of an (n⁺-p-p⁺) Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell, Back Illuminated by a Light with Long Wavelength

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2023年第1期13卷 40-56页

作者： Khady Loum Ousmane Sow Gora diop Richard Mane Ibrahima Diatta Malick Ndiaye Sega Gueye mous.apha Thiame mamadou Wade Gregoire Sissoko International Research Group in Renewable Energy (GIRER) Dakar Sénégal Institut Universitaire de Technologie Université Iba Der THIAM de Thiès Thiès Senegal Université Assane SECK Ziguinchor Senegal Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès Thiès Senegal

The bifacial silicon solar cell, placed at temperature (T) and illuminated from the back side by monochromatic light in frequency modulation (ω), is studied from the frequency dynamic diffusion equation, relative to the density of excess minority carriers in the base. The expressions of the dynamic recombination velocities of the minority carriers on the rear side of the base Sb1(D(ω, T);H) and Sb2(α, D(ω, T);H), are analyzed as a function of the dynamic diffusion coefficient (D(ω, T)), the absorption coefficient (α(λ)) and the thickness of the base (H). Thus their graphic representation makes it possible to go up, to the base optimum thickness (Hopt(ω, T)), for different temperature values and frequency ranges of modulation of monochromatic light, of strong penetration. The base optimum thickness (Hopt(ω, T)) decreases with temperature, regardless of the frequency range and allows the realization of the solar cell with few material (Si).

关键词： Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell Absorption Coefficient Frequency Temperature Recombination Velocity Optimum Thickness

Hepatitis B in Senegalese Blood Donors: Low Prevalence after Five Blood Donations?

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第3期12卷 422-432页

作者： Papa Silman Diawara mamadou Wague Gueye Sokhna M. Daffe Mor Ngom Maguette Ndoye Nata Dieng Ibrahima Diallo Bécaye Fall Macoura Gadji mous.apha diop Pape Samba Ba Yankhoba diop Federation of Laboratories Principal Hospital of Dakar Dakar Senegal Hematology Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Hepato-Gastro-Enterology Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Biological Hematology & Oncology—Hematology (HBOH) National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS)/FMPOS-UCAD Dakar Senegal Infectious Diseases Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Over the past two decades, blood transfusion safety has made significant advances in the fight against infectious diseases. However, hepatitis B is still a problem in blood banks due to its high endemicity in Senegal. In this context, we proposed to first determine the prevalence of HBs antigen (HBsAg) in regular and new blood donors. Second, to determine the influence of the number of blood donations on the prevalence of hepatitis B. Materials and Method: We conducted a retrospective transversal study using data from all blood donations received at the Principal Hospital of Dakar Blood bank from July 2007 to December 31, 2021. Hepatitis B testing was carried out with Automaton E411 (Roche Diagnostics). For all donors, information on age, sex, hepatitis B serology, and the number of donations was collected through the lab’s computer system. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed with Epi-info version 7. Results: HBsAg carriers were identified in 4311 primary donors, corresponding to a prevalence of 12.39% (IC 95% = 12.04 - 12.74). The prevalence of the HBsAg antigen was higher in men (12.9%) than in women (6.85%). Men are twice as likely to be infected with HBV as women (OR = 2.00 (IC 95% = 1.85 - 2.17)). The highest prevalence (12.4%) was found in young adults (23 - 29) years old. After 10 donations, the prevalence of the HBs antigen was stable at around 1%. Individuals with a single blood donation and individuals with 2 to 5 blood donations are 9 and 7 times more likely to carry the HBs antigen than regular donors (more than 10 blood donations), respectively. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the endemic nature of hepatitis B in Senegal. On the other hand, the non-negligible prevalence of the virus in first-time donors reminds us of the need for continuous improvement in donor selection. These first-time donors, particularly young adults, are important indicators of transmission of the virus to the general population. This study also demo

关键词： First-Time Donor Regular Donor Hepatitis B Prevalence

Impact of Multifidus Muscle Morphometry on the Clinical Evolution of Chronic Low Back Pain

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2023年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Ndèye Bigué Mar Aïnina Ndiaye Abdoulaye Ndoye diop Gor Side Diagne Babacar Diao Souleymane Diao Racky Wade Issa Dior Seck Karim Yacouba Garba Sokhna Astou Gawane Thiam mamadou Ndiaye Magaye Gaye Magatte Gaye Sakho Jean Marc Ndiaga Ndoye mamadou diop Assane Ndiaye Abdoulaye Ndiaye Anatomy Laboratory/Joint Research and Diagnosis Unit Iba Der THIAM University of Thiès Thiès Senegal Laboratory and Organogen of Anatomy Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging Gaston Berger University of Saint Louis Dakar Senegal Neurology Department Fann Hospital in Dakar Dakar Senegal Urology Service Ouakam Military Hospital Dakar Senegal Orthopedic Traumatology Service Idrissa Pouye Hospital of Grand Yoff-Dakar Dakar Senegal Neurosurgery Department Idrissa Pouye Hospital of Grand Yoff Dakar Senegal Anatomy Laboratory Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal

Purpose: The multifidus muscle is an important extensor muscle of the lumbar spine. It plays a major role in the stability and realization of axial rotation movements of the thoraco-lumbar spine. Its atrophy by fatty degeneration would be at the origin of the occurrence of chronic low back pain which constitutes a public health problem in Senegal. Taking into account its anatomy is essential for the etiopathogenic analysis and the treatment of low back pain. The purpose of our work was to investigate the impact of multifidus muscle morphometry on the anatomy-clinical evolution of low back pain. Material and method: this was a prospective study over a period of 30 months from November 2019 to May 2022. It involved 100 patients seen in the neurology department of Fann Hospital for chronic low back pain and who had already had a scanner falling within the criteria for low back pain. We used 3D Slicer, SPSS 20, Excel 2016 software to model and analyze the morphometric data of the multifidus muscle after physiotherapy and control lumbar scans. Results: The sex ratio was 2.23. The average age of the patients was 45 ± 7 years. On the initial CT scan, according to the Hadar classification, we noted a predominance of grade 2 with 56% in L5/S1, followed by grade 1 with 32% and grade 3 with 14%. In L4/L5, the majority of patients, 67%, had grade 1. A conflicting circumferential disc bulge with the roots predominating in L5/S1 was present in 94% of men (p-value = 0.02). Before physiotherapy, the average volume of the multifidus was 193 mm3 ± 39, after physiotherapy it was 203 mm3 ± 42 with a progression rate of 5.2%. Clinically, severe type pain had regressed from 86% before physiotherapy to 0% after physiotherapy (p-value = 0.03). Conclusion: Taking into account the morphometry of the multifidus is an essential element in the management of chronic low back pain.

关键词： Morphometry Multifidus Low Back Pain Physiotherapy

Bacteremia in Subjects with Sickle Cell Disease: High Rate of Gram-Negative Isolates in the West African Context!

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第2期11卷 15-29页

作者： Papa Silman Diawara Sokhna Moumy Daffe mamadou Wague Gueye Khadija Fall mous.apha diop Aminata diop Nakoulima Tagoutie Niang Mbene Fall Alice Ingabire Mor Ngom Maguette Ndoye Nata Dieng Bécaye Fall Macoura Gadji Meissa Ndew Seye Pape Samba Ba Yankhoba diop Federation of Laboratories Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Pediatrics Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Infectious Diseases Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Hematology Department Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Biological Hematology & Oncology-Hematology (HBOH) National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS)/FMPOS-UCAD Dakar Senegal

Background: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common monogenic diseases in the world, affecting approximately 70 million people, 80% in sub-Saharan Africa and 1 in 10 in Senegal. Sickle cell anemia causes functional asplenia (associated with repeated thrombosis of splenic vessels), resulting in increased susceptibility to infection. However, several studies have reported differences in the spectrum of bacterial infections in malaria-endemic areas. Therefore, we proposed to conduct a study to determine the rate of positive blood cultures and the bacteriological spectrum in sickle cell patients. Materials and Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of blood culture samples from patients who received a request for hemoglobin electrophoresis as part of their treatment at the Principal’s hospital in Dakar. The study took place from January 2008 to December 2021. For each patient, we collect demographic information, including age, gender, and the service from which the analysis request originated. Data were collected in the laboratory’s computer system and entered into Microsoft Excel (2007). Statistical analyzes were performed using Epi-Info 7 software. Results: Our study included 1419 patients. The most common types of hemoglobin profiles were: normal profile (n = 1025), AS profile (n = 283), SS profile (n = 104), SC profile (n = 7). This corresponds to the proportions of 72%, 20%, 0.5% and 7.5% for the profiles Normal, AS, SC and SS. The male proportion was 61.1%, 61.5%, 57.1, respectively %, 55.8% for Normal, SA, SC, and SS profiles. A total of 19,090 individual blood culture bottles were collected from 1419 impatient patients as follows: Normal profile (n = 18,042 bottles), AS profile (n = 677 culture bottles), SS profile (n = 362 bottles). The majority of blood culture orders come from pediatric services, accounting for 70% of the total number of orders. Of 19,090 vials examined in this current study, 19.6% developed a positive blood culture. Overal

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Senegal Bacteremia Blood Culture Infection