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A probe into the acid deposition mitigation path in China over the last four decades and beyond

National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 84-92页

作者： Qian Yu Xiaodong Ge Haotian Zheng Jia Xing Lei Duan Dongwei Lv dian ding Zhaoxin Dong Yisheng Sun Posch Maximilian Danni Xie Yu Zhao Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jan Mulder Thorj?rn Larssen Jiming Hao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex School of EnvironmentTsinghua University International Institute for Applied System Analysis(IIASA) School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norwegian Institute for Water Research

China currently has the highest acid deposition globally, yet research on its status, impacts, causes and controls is lacking. Here, we compiled data and calculated critical loads regarding acid deposition. The results showed that the abatement measures in China have achieved a sharp decline in the emissions of acidifying pollutants and a continuous recovery of precipitation p H, despite the drastic growth in the economy and energy consumption. However, the risk of ecological acidification and eutrophication showed no significant decrease. With similar emission reductions, the decline in areas at risk of acidification in China(7.0%) lags behind those in Europe(20%) or the USA(15%). This was because, unlike Europe and the USA, China's abatement strategies primarily target air quality improvement rather than mitigating ecological impacts. Given that the area with the risk of eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition remained at 13%of the country even under the scenario of achieving the dual targets of air quality and carbon dioxide mitigation in 2035, we explored an enhanced ammonia abatement pathway. With a further 27% reduction in ammonia by 2035, China could largely eliminate the impacts of acid deposition. This research serves as a valuable reference for China's future acid deposition control and for other nations facing similar challenges.

关键词： acid deposition critical loads acidification eutrophication ammonia abatement

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培美曲塞、依托泊苷与顺铂联合胸部放疗对局部晚期肺腺癌患者远近期疗效的影响研究

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黑龙江医学 2024年第5期48卷 543-545,550页

作者：丁典佳木斯市中心医院放疗科黑龙江佳木斯154002

目的:探讨培美曲塞、依托泊苷与顺铂联合胸部放疗对局部晚期肺腺癌患者远近期疗效的影响。方法:选取2017年5月—2020年5月佳木斯市中心医院收治的76例局部晚期肺腺癌患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各38例。两组... 详细信息

目的:探讨培美曲塞、依托泊苷与顺铂联合胸部放疗对局部晚期肺腺癌患者远近期疗效的影响。方法:选取2017年5月—2020年5月佳木斯市中心医院收治的76例局部晚期肺腺癌患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各38例。两组患者均行胸部放疗,对照组患者予以依托泊苷联合顺铂(EP)化疗方案治疗,观察组患者予以培美曲塞联合顺铂(PP)化疗方案治疗。比较化疗2个周期后两组患者临床疗效、血清肿瘤标志物、生存质量及不良反应发生情况,并随访2年,记录远期生存率。结果:观察组患者疾病控制率高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.094,P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)及细胞角质素片段抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)水平均低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=4.992、4.861、6.715,P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者生活质量中生理、心理、环境、社会评分均高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=4.747、5.004、5.138、4.744,P<0.05)。观察组患者远期生存率高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.413,P<0.05)。结论:PP同步胸部放疗可增强局部晚期肺腺癌患者的治疗效果,加快肿瘤标志物水平复常,提高患者远期生存率,改善其生存质量,安全可靠。

关键词：晚期肺腺癌培美曲塞依托泊苷顺铂胸部放疗肿瘤标志物

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Ligand binding and conformational changes of SUR1 subunit in pancreatic ATP-sensitive potassium channels

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Protein & Cell 2018年第6期9卷 553-567页

作者： Jing-Xiang Wu dian ding Mengmeng Wang Yunlu Kang Xin Zeng Lei Chen State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Beijing 100871 China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University Beijing 100871 China

ATe-sensitive potassium channels （KATP） are energy sensors on the plasma membrane. By sensing the intracellular ADP/ATP ratio of β-cells, pancreatic KATe channels control insulin release and regulate metabo- lism at the whole body level. They are implicated in many metabolic disorders and diseases and are there- fore important drug targets. Here, we present three structures of pancreatic KATe channels solved by cryo- electron microscopy （cryo-EM）, at resolutions ranging from 4.1 to 4.5 A. These structures depict the binding site of the antidiabetic drug glibenclamide, indicate how Kir6.2 （inward-rectifying potassium channel 6.2） N-ter- minus participates in the coupling between the periph- eral SUR1 （sulfonylurea receptor 1） subunit and the central Kir6.2 channel, reveal the binding mode of acti- vating nucleotides, and suggest the mechanism of how Mg-ADP binding on nucleotide binding domains （NBDs） drives a conformational change of the SUR1 subunit.

关键词： KATP SUR ABC transporter glibenclamide sulfonylurea diabetes

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Synergetic PM_(2.5) and O_(3) control strategy for the Yangtze River Delta,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 281-291页

作者： Zhaoxin Dong Jia Xing Fenfen Zhang Shuxiao Wang dian ding Hongli Wang Cheng Huang Haotian Zheng Yueqi Jiang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

PM_(2.5)concentrations have dramatically reduced in key regions of China during the period 2013-2017,while O_(3)has *** there is an urgent demand to develop a synergetic regional PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control *** study develops an emission-to-concentration response surface model and proposes a synergetic pathway for PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)based on the framework of the Air Benefit and Cost and Attainment Assessment System(ABaCAS).Results suggest that the regional emissions of NOx,SO_(2),NH3,VOCs(volatile organic compounds)and primary PM_(2.5)should be reduced by 18%,23%,14%,17%and 33%compared with 2017 to achieve 25%and 5% decreases of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)in 2025,and that the emission reduction ratios will need to be 50%,26%,28%,28% and 55%to attain the National Ambient Air Quality *** effectively reduce the O_(3) pollution in the central and eastern YRD,VOCs controls need to be strengthened to reduce O_(3)by 5%,and then NOx reduction should be accelerated for air quality ***,control of primary PM_(2.5)emissions shall be prioritized to address the severe PM_(2.5)pollution in the northern *** most cities in the YRD,the VOCs emission reduction ratio should be higher than that for NOx in Spring and *** control should be increased in summer rather than winter when a strong VOC-limited regime ***,regarding the emission control of industrial processes,on-road vehicle and residential sources shall be prioritized and the joint control area should be enlarged to include Shandong,Jiangxi and Hubei Province for effective O_(3)control.

关键词： PM_(2.5) O_(3) Response surface model Synergistic control pathway Cost-benefit analysis

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T细胞水平与社区获得性肺炎患儿病情分度及预后的相关性分析

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中国妇幼保健 2024年第1期39卷 41-44页

作者：李宗泽李静全守东丁殿帅锦州医科大学附属第一医院儿科辽宁锦州121004 朝阳市第二医院儿科辽宁朝阳122000

目的分析T细胞水平与社区获得性肺炎患儿病情分度及预后的相关性。方法选取2019年2月—2021年1月在朝阳市第二医院接受治疗的500例社区获得性肺炎患儿作为观察组,按照《儿童社区获得性肺炎管理指南(2013修订)》标准,分为轻症组(464例)... 详细信息

目的分析T细胞水平与社区获得性肺炎患儿病情分度及预后的相关性。方法选取2019年2月—2021年1月在朝阳市第二医院接受治疗的500例社区获得性肺炎患儿作为观察组,按照《儿童社区获得性肺炎管理指南(2013修订)》标准,分为轻症组(464例)和重症组(36例)。根据患儿的最终治疗结局,分为痊愈患儿189例,好转患儿215例,无效患儿96例。另选取同期健康体检儿童500例作为对照组。比较观察组和对照组患儿,不同预后、不同病情分度的观察组患儿的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及CD19^(+)水平。研究预后、病情分度与CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及CD19^(+)水平的相关性。结果观察组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及CD19^(+)水平分别为(57.25±2.27)%、(35.34±2.51)%、(27.06±2.57)%、(1.27±0.68)、(27.87±2.01)%,对照组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及CD19^(+)水平分别为(76.47±2.87)%、(48.92±1.57)%、(37.06±1.92)%、(1.07±0.74)、(30.45±1.76)%,观察组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)及CD19^(+)水平均显著低于对照组,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。痊愈组、有效组、无效组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及CD19^(+)水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。重症组患儿的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)和CD19^(+)水平均显著低于轻症组,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)显著高于轻症组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)和CD19^(+)水平与预后以及病情分度均呈正相关,CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)与预后以及病情分度均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论T细胞水平与社区获得性肺炎患儿病情分度及预后的相关性较强,可作为患儿病情判断的重要依据。

关键词： T细胞水平儿童社区获得性肺炎病情分度预后相关性

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Evaluation of health benefit using Ben MAP-CE with an integrated scheme of model and monitor data during Guangzhou Asian Games

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第4期28卷 9-18页

作者： dian ding Yun Zhu Carey Jang Che-Jen Lin Shuxiao Wang Joshua Fu Jian Gao Shuang Deng Junping Xie Xuezhen Qiu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control College of Environmental and Energy South China University of Technology Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 China. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084 China USEPA/Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards RTP NC27711 USA Department of Civil Engineering Lamar University Beaumont TX 77710-0024 USA Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-2010 USA Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Guangzhou is the capital and largest city（land area：7287 km2）of Guangdong province in South *** air quality in Guangzhou typically worsens in November due to unfavorable meteorological conditions for pollutant *** the Guangzhou Asian Games in November 2010,the Guangzhou government carried out a number of emission control measures that significantly improved the air *** this paper,we estimated the acute health outcome changes related to the air quality improvement during the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games using a next-generation,fully-integrated assessment system for air quality and health *** advanced system generates air quality data by fusing model and monitoring data instead of using monitoring data alone,which provides more reliable *** air quality estimates retain the spatial distribution of model results while calibrating the value with *** results show that the mean PM2.5concentration in November 2010 decreased by 3.5μg/m^3 compared to that in 2009 due to the emission control *** the analysis,we estimate that the air quality improvement avoided 106 premature deaths,1869 cases of hospital admission,and 20,026 cases of outpatient *** overall cost benefit of the improved air quality is estimated to be 165 million CNY,with the avoided premature death contributing 90%of this *** research demonstrates that Ben MAP-CE is capable of assessing the health and cost benefits of air pollution control for sound policy making.

关键词： Air quality Health benefit PM2.5 Ben MAP-CE Data fusion Model and monitor data

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Progress of Air Pollution Control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological Civilization Era

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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 1423-1431页

作者： Xi Lu Shaojun Zhang Jia Xing Yunjie Wang Wenhui Chen dian ding Ye Wu Shuxiao Wang Lei Duan Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

China’s past economic growth has substantially relied on fossil fuels,causing serious air pollution *** economic growth and pollution has become the focus in developing ecological civilization in *** have analyzed the three-decade progress of air pollution controls in China,highlighting a strategic transformation from emission control toward air quality *** control of sulfur dioxide(SO2)resolved the deteriorating acid rain issue in China in *** 2013,control actions on multiple precursors and sectors have targeted the reduction of the concentration of fine particulate matter(PM2.5),marking a transition to an air-quality-oriented *** ozone(O3)pollution further requires O3 and PM2.5 integrated control strategies with an emphasis on their complex photochemical *** improvement of air quality in China,as a key indicator for the success of ecological civilization construction,demands the deep de-carbonization of China’s energy system as well as more synergistic pathways to address air pollution and global climate change simultaneously.

关键词： Air pollution control Ecological civilization PM2.5 Low-carbon development Ozone

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Development of an integrated policy making tool for assessing air quality and human health benefits of air pollution control

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第6期9卷 1056-1065页

作者： Xuezhen QIU Yun ZHU Carey JANG Che-Jen LIN Shuxiao WANG Joshua FU Junping XIE Jiandong WANG dian ding Shicheng LONG Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control College of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center Guangzhou 510006 China USEPA/Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards RTP NC 27711 USA Department of Civil Engineering Lamar University Beaumont TX 77710-0024 USA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-2010 USA

Efficient air quality management is critical to protect public health from the adverse impacts of air pollution. To evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution control strategies, the US Environmental Protection Agency （US EPA） has developed the Software for Model Attainment Test-Community Edition （SMAT-CE） to assess the air quality attainment of emission reductions, and the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program- Community Edition （BenMAP-CE） to evaluate the health and economic benefits of air quality improvement respectively. Since scientific decision-making requires timely and coherent information, developing the linkage between SMAT-CE and BenMAP-CE into an integrated assessment platform is desirable. To address this need, a new module linking SMAT-CE to BenMAP-CE has been developed and tested. The new module streamlines the assessment of air quality and human health benefits for a proposed air pollution control strategy. It also implements an optimized data gridding algorithm which significantly enhances the computational efficiency without compro- mising accuracy. The performance of the integrated software package is demonstrated through a case study that evaluates the air quality and associated economic benefits of a national-level control strategy of PM2.5. The results of the case study show that the proposed emission reduction reduces the number of nonattainment sites from 379 to 25 based on the US National Ambient Air Quality Standards, leading to more than USS334billion ofeconomic benefits annually from improved public health. The integration of the science-based software tools in this study enhances the efficiency of developing effective and optimized emission control strategies for policy makers.

关键词： air quality assessment human health benefit,economic benefit air quality attainment assessment airpollution control strategy decision support system

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机器学习——动力学耦合车辆跟驰模型

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交通运输系统工程与信息 2017年第6期17卷 33-39页

作者：丁点点孙磊陈松宿州学院资源与土木工程学院安徽宿州234000 安徽省煤矿勘探工程技术中心安徽宿州234000

目前,跟驰模型的建立主要基于动力学方法和机器学习算法,将两者耦合起来建立跟驰模型的研究还没有.以线性组合预测为基础,对最优加权法中的目标函数进行改进,将经典的Gipps模型和基于BP神经网络的跟驰模型(BP Car-following Model,BP)... 详细信息

目前,跟驰模型的建立主要基于动力学方法和机器学习算法,将两者耦合起来建立跟驰模型的研究还没有.以线性组合预测为基础,对最优加权法中的目标函数进行改进,将经典的Gipps模型和基于BP神经网络的跟驰模型(BP Car-following Model,BP)耦合起来,建立线性组合车辆跟驰模型(Linear Combination Car-following Model,LC-CF).结果表明:BP模型的预测结果更加贴近真实值,Gipps模型的预测结果更加贴近安全值;LC-CF模型可以通过调整参数,来控制BP模型和Gipps模型在LC-CF模型中的权重,进而达到控制预测速度的真实性和安全性的目的.

关键词：智能交通道路运输线性组合预测动力学模型 BP神经网络车辆跟驰

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Design and demonstration of a next-generation air quality attainment assessment system for PM_(2.5)and O_3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 178-188页

作者： Hua Wang Yun Zhu Carey Jang Che-Jen Lin Shuxiao Wang Joshua S.Fu Jian Gao Shuang Deng Junping Xie dian ding Xuezhen Qiu Shicheng Long Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control College of Environmental and Energy South China University of Technology Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex School of Environment Tsinghua University USEPA/Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards Department of Civil Engineering Lamar University Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Tennessee Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Due to the increasingly stringent standards, it is important to assess whether the proposed emission reduction will result in ambient concentrations that meet the standards. The Software for Model Attainment Test-Community Edition （SMAT-CE） is developed for demonstrating attainment of air quality standards of O3 and PM2.5. SMAT-CE improves computational efficiency and provides a number of advanced visualization and analytical functionalities on an integrated GIS platform. SMAT-CE incorporates historical measurements of air quality parameters and simulated air pollutant concentrations under a number of emission inventory scenarios to project the level of compliance to air quality standards in a targeted future year. An application case study of the software based on the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards （NAAQS） shows that SMAT-CE is capable of demonstrating the air quality attainment of annual PM2.5 and 8-hour O3 for a proposed emission control policy.

关键词： Air quality standards Attainment test Air pollution GIS Emission control

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