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Heteromeric and Homomeric Geranyl Diphosphate Synthases from Catharanthus roseus and Their Role in Monoterpene Indole Alkaloid Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2013年第5期6卷 1531-1549页

作者： Avanish Rai Shachi S. Smita Anup kumar Singh Karuna Shanker dinesh A. Nagegowda CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Centre Bangalore 560065 India CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Lucknow 226015 India

Catharanthus roseus is the sole source of two most important monoterpene indole alkaloid （MIA） anti- cancer agents： vinblastine and vincristine. MIAs possess a terpene and an indole moiety derived from terpenoid and shikimate pathways, respectively. Geranyl diphosphate （GPP）, the entry point to the formation of terpene moiety, is a product of the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate （IPP） and dimethylallyl diphosphate （DMAPP） by GPP synthase （GPPS）. Here, we report three genes encoding proteins with sequence similarity to large subunit （***） and small subunit （***） of heteromeric GPPSs, and a homomeric GPPSs. *** is a bifunctional enzyme producing both GPP and geranyl geranyl diphosphate （GGPP）, *** is inactive, whereas CrGPPS is a homomeric enzyme forming GPP. Co-expression of both subunits in Escherichia coil resulted in heteromeric enzyme with enhanced activity producing only GPR While *** and CrGPPS showed higher expression in older and younger leaves, respectively, *** showed an increasing trend and decreased gradually. Methyl jasmonate （MelA） treatment of leaves sig- nificantly induced the expression of only ***. GFP localization indicated that *** is plastidial whereas CrGPPS is mitochondrial. Transient overexpression of *** in C. roseus leaves resulted in increased vindoline, immediate monomeric precursor of vinblastine and vincristine. Although C. roseus has both heteromeric and homomeric GPPS enzymes, our results implicate the involvement of only heteromeric GPPS with *** regulating the GPP flux for MIA biosynthesis.

关键词： C. roseus monoterpene indole alkaloids geranyl diphosphate synthase heteromer homomer large subunit small subunit vindoline.

Genome-Wide Comparative in silico Analysis of Calcium Transporters of Rice and Sorghum

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2011年第4期9卷 138-150页

作者： Anshita Goel Gohar Taj dinesh Pandey Sanjay Gupta Anil kumar Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering College of Basic Sciences and Humanities G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Department of Biotechnology Uttrakhand Technical University Department of Biotechnology SBS Biomedical P.G. Institute of Biomedical Science and Research

The mechanism of calcium uptake, translocation and accumulation in Poaceae has not yet been fully understood. To address this issue, we conducted genome-wide comparative in silico analysis of the calcium （Ca2＋） transporter gene family of two crop species, rice and sorghum. Gene annotation, identification of upstream cis-acting ele- ments, phylogenetic tree construction and syntenic mapping of the gene family were performed using several bio- informatics tools. A total of 31 Ca2＋ transporters, distributed on 9 out of 12 chromosomes, were predicted from rice genome, while 28 Ca2＋ transporters predicted from sorghum are distributed on all the chromosomes except chromosome 10 （Chr 10）. Interestingly, most of the genes on Chr 1 and Chr 3 show an inverse syntenic relation- ship between rice and sorghum. Multiple sequence alignment and motif analysis of these transporter proteins re- vealed high conservation between the two species. Phylogenetic tree could very well identify the subclasses of channels, ATPases and exchangers among the gene family. The in silico c/s-regulatory element analysis suggested diverse functions associated with light, stress and hormone responsiveness as well as endosperm- and meris- tem-specific gene expression. Further experiments are warranted to validate the in silico analysis of the predicted transporter gene family and elucidate the functions of Ca2＋ transporters in various biological processes.

关键词： in silico comparison calcium transporter rice sorghum genomic annotation synteny

The Journey of SRS: An Initial Experience of Starting Sterotactic Radiosurgery Facility at Purbanchal Cancer Hospital—First in Nepal

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2023年第2期12卷 37-50页

作者： Birendra kumar Yadav Karthik Nagamuthu Alok Thakur Kushal Rizal Umesh kumar Sharma Ujwal Rai dinesh Thapa Shishir Thapa kumar Chinnappan Amit kumar Dubey Suraj Gurung Aman Yadav Utpalkant kumar Ranjay kumar Department of Radiation Oncology Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal Department of Radiology Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal Deapartment of Pathology Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal Department of Neurosurgery Purbanchal Cancer Hospital Jhapa Nepal

Introduction: Radiotherapy (RT) is a vital cancer treatment modality for both curative and palliative purposes. Nepal is a developing country with a population of around 30 million people. Cancer affects 100 - 120 people out of every 100,000, and the figure is increasing. The number of radiation facility machines in the country is still countable in fingers. Purbanchal Cancer Hospital, Nepal is the first comprehensive cancer facility capable of performing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Our facility has cutting-edge Varian Truebeam Linear Accelerators with millennium MLC, which makes SRS and SRT’S for intracranial lesions such as small benign and malignant tumors much easier. In addition to SRS, we are the pioneers of SBRT for lung using 4DCT, interstitial & intraluminal brachytherapy, RPM Gated & DIBH modalities in Nepal. Methods & Materials: The purpose of this study is to share our experience in establishing an SRS facility in the country, which includes training the RT team on the importance of process accuracy, patient selection, patient assessment, mould preparation, and describing image data acquisition, target, and organ at risk delineation on CT and MRI images, treatment planning process, and quality assurance. Results & Discussion: The plans for all SRS and SRT cases are based on target coverage, OAR sparing, hotspot inside the target, conformity index, heterogeneity index, and dose fall off. To select the final plan, we used strict passing criteria such as a conformity index Paddick (CIPaddick) more than 0.85, a falloff between 100% and 50% of less than 5.5 mm (maximum 6 mm in irregular targets), and a hotspot inside the target between 115 to 140 percent, as per clinical standards. In addition, we determined the CILomax and CIRTOG for each case. Passing criteria for verification plans are set as minimum of 95% for a 2% percentage dose difference (% DD) and a 2-mm distance to an agreement (DTA). We also gathered demographic data from patients treated in t

关键词： Conformity Index Double Shell Positioning System Electronic Portal Imaging Device Linear Accelerator Millennium MLC Octavius Detector 1500 Setup Field

Petrology and Sr-Nd isotope systematics of the Ahobil kimberlite(Pipe-16)from the Wajrakarur field, Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1167-1186页

作者： Abhinay Sharma Alok kumar Praveer Pankaj dinesh Pandit Ramananda Chakrabarti N.V.Chalapathi Rao EPMA and SEM Laboratories Department of Geology Banaras Hindu University Centre for Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Science

Detailed mineralogical, bulk-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data for the recently discovered Ahobil kimberlite(Pipe-16) from the Wajrakarur kimberlite field(WKF), Eastern Dharwar craton(EDC),southern India, are presented. Two generations of compositionally distinct olivine, Ti-poor phlogopite showing orangeitic evolutionary trends, spinel displaying magmatic trend-1, abundant perovskite, Tirich hydrogarnet, calcite and serpentine are the various mineral constituents. On the basis of(i) liquidus mineral composition,(ii) bulk-rock chemistry, and(iii) Sr-Nd isotopic composition, we show that Ahobil kimberlite shares several characteristic features of archetypal kimberlites than orangeites and lamproites. Geochemical modelling indicate Ahobil kimberlite magma derivation from small-degree melting of a carbonated peridotite source having higher Gd/Yb and lower La/Sm in contrast to those of orangeites from the Eastern Dharwar and Bastar cratons of Indian shield. The T_(Dm) Nd model age(～2.0 Ga) of the Ahobil kimberlite is(i) significantly older than those(1.5～1.3 Ga) reported for Wajrakarur and Narayanpet kimberlites of EDC,(ii) indistinguishable from those of the Mesoproterozoic EDC lamproites,and(iii) strikingly coincides with the timing of the amalgamation of the Columbia supercontinent. High bulk-rock Fe-Ti contents and wide variation in oxygen fugacity fO_2, as inferred from perovskite oxybarometry, suggest non-prospective nature of the Ahobil kimberlite for diamond.

关键词： Petrology Isotopes Kimberlite Wajrakarur Dharwar craton India

Brain Tumor Identification Using Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning Approach

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1845-1861页

作者： K.Kavin kumar P.M.dinesh P.Rayavel L.Vijayaraja R.Dhanasekar Rupa Kesavan Kannadasan Raju Arfat Ahmad Khan Chitapong Wechtaisong Mohd Anul Haq Zamil S.Alzamil Ahmed Alhussen Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kongu Engineering College638060Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sona College of Technology636005Tamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Institute of TechnologyChennai600044Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Sairam Institute of TechnologyChennai600044Tamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringSriperumbudur602117Tamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhonKaen40002Thailand School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima30000Thailand Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

A brain tumor is a lethal neurological disease that affects the average performance of the brain and can be *** India,around 15 million cases are diagnosed *** mitigate the seriousness of the tumor it is essential to diagnose at the ***,the manual evaluation process utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)causes a few worries,remarkably inefficient and inaccurate brain tumor ***,the examination process of brain tumors is intricate as they display high unbalance in nature like shape,size,appearance,and ***,a precise and expeditious prognosis of brain tumors is essential for implementing the of an implicit *** computer models adapted to diagnose the tumor,but the accuracy of the model needs to be *** all the above mentioned things,this work aims to identify the best classification system by considering the prediction accuracy out of Alex-Net,ResNet 50,and Inception *** augmentation is performed on the database and fed into the three convolutions neural network(CNN)models.A comparison line is drawn between the three models based on accuracy and *** accuracy of 96.2%is obtained for AlexNet with augmentation and performed better than ResNet 50 and Inception V3 for the 120th *** the suggested model with higher accuracy,it is highly reliable if brain tumors are diagnosed with available datasets.

关键词： AlexNet brain tumor data augmentation inception V3 ResNet 50

A review on synthesis of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 for energy storage applications:Recent progress and perspectives

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Nano Research 2019年第11期12卷 2655-2694页

作者： Rajesh kumar Sumanta Sahoo Ednan Joanni Rajesh kumar Singh Ram Manohar Yadav Rajiv kumar Verma dinesh Pratap Singh Wai Kian Tan Angel Perez del Pino Stanislav A.Moshkalev Atsunori Matsuda Department of Eletrical and Electronic Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technologys1-1 HibarigaokaTempaku-chaToyohashiAichi 441-8580Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology(ISM) Dhanbad826004JharkhandIndia Centre for Information Technology Renato Archer(CTI) Campinas 13069-901Brazil School of Physical and Material Sciences Central University of Himachal Pradesh(CUHP)KangraDharamshala 176215HR India Department of Plhysics VSSD CollegeKanpur 208002India International College Osaka University1-2 MachikaneyamachoToyonaka shiOsaka 560-0043Japan Department of Physics and Milermium Institute for Research in Optics(MIRO) University of SantiagoAvenida Ecuador 3493Estacion CentralSantiago 9170124Chile Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology1-1 HibarigaokaTempaku choToyohashiAichi 441-8580 Japan Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona Consejo Superior de Irvestigaciones Cientificas(ICMAB-CSIC)Campus UABBllaterra08193 BarcelonaSpain Centre for Semiconductor Components and Nanotechnology(CCS Nano) Uniersity of Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas 13083-870Brazil

The significance of graphene and its two-dimensional(2D)analogous inorganic layered materials especially as hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)and molybdenum disulphide(MoS2)for“clean energy”applications became apparent over the last few years due to their extraordinary *** this review article we study the current progress and selected challenges in the syntheses of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 including energy storage applications as supercapacitors and *** substrates/catalysts(metals/insulator/semiconducting)have been used to obtain graphene,h-BN and MoS2 using different kinds of *** most widespread methods for synthesis of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 layers are chemical vapor deposition(CVD),plasma-enhanced CVD,hydro/solvothermal methods,liquid phase exfoliation,physical methods *** research has shown that graphene,h-BN and MoS2 layered materials modified with metal oxide can have an insightful influence on the performance of energy storage devices as supercapacitors and *** review article also contains the discussion on the opportunities and perspectives of these materials(graphene,h-BN and MoS2)in the energy storage *** expect that this witen review article including recent research on energy storage will help in generating new insights for further development and practical applications of graphene,h-BN and MoS2 layers based materials.

关键词： graphene norganic layered materials hierarchical structures energy storage supercapacitor battery

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of gallbladder: report of 2 cases

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第1期4卷 144-146页

作者： Keechilat Pavithran kumar Prabhash Diganta Hazarika dinesh C Doval Departments of Medical Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre RohiniNew Delhi-110085 IndiaNew Delhi India Departments of Surgical Oncology Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre RohiniNew Delhi-110085 IndiaNew Delhi India

BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gall- bladder is rare. Its best treatment is not known. METHODS: Two patients underwent surgery earlier: one for suspected cholecystitis and the other for cholelithiasis. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ( MRCP ) showed residual lesions in the livers. The two patients un- derwent revision surgery followed by chemotherapy. RESULTS; Both patients tolerated the second stage surgery well, which was followed by chemotherapy with paclitaxel, ifosphamide and cisplatin for 6 cycles. They were treated this way for 8 months and 12 months post treatment, re- spectively. CONCLUSIONS: A proper diagnosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma is made often after surgery. As it is a slow grow- ing tumor and not very chemotherapeutically, sensitive sur- gery offers the best local control.

关键词： neuroendocrine carcinoma carcinoid tumor gallbladder

A Novel Approach for the Synthesis of (R) and (S)-Nicotine

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2022年第4期12卷 189-199页

作者： Rohith kumar Agarthimoole Sahir Gagan Sudesna Parida Tarur Konikkaledom dinesh Maheswaran S. Karatholuvhu Namasivayam Palani Soumitra Mukherjee ITC Limited ITC Life Sciences and Technology Centre Peenya Industrial Area Phase I Bangalore India Presently at Department of Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA

Nicotine is an alkaloid mainly found in leaves of tobacco and is used therapeutically for patients seeking relief from tobacco dependence in the form of products such as gums, patches, lozenges etc. In these products, majorly nicotine derived from tobacco is used which is inherently contaminated with undesirable nicotine related substances as impurities at low levels and is difficult to remove. Hence, use of synthetic nicotine is considered as an option which will be devoid of such impurities. In this work, a short and efficient synthesis of (R) and (S) nicotine was achieved by leveraging a key esterification between racemic homoallylic alcohol intermediate (2) and (S)-Ibuprofen (3) to produce diastereomers (5a) and (5b) which were easily separable under standard column chromatography conditions. Use of (S)-Ibuprofen (3) as a chiral resolving agent constitutes a novel approach which was not reported earlier. A subsequent hydrolysis of the diastereomers furnished the homoallylic alcohol intermediates (S)-6a and (R)-6a with high enantiopurity, which was effectively translated to the corresponding (R)-nicotine and (S)-nicotine respectively.

关键词： Nicotine Ibuprofen Diastereomers Column Chromatography Chiral Purity

Bone metastases from primary hepatocellular carcinoma simulating multiple myeloma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第2期4卷 308-310页

作者： dinesh Chandra Doval Komal Bhatia Ashok kumar Vaid kumar Prabhash Amarnath Jena Digant Hazarika Departments of Medical Oncology New Delhi India Departments of Medical Oncology Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center Rohini Sector-5 Delhi 110085 India Departments of MRI Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center Rohini Sector-5 Delhi 110085 India Departments of pathology Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center Rohini Sector-5 Delhi 110085 India

A 65-year-old man presented with bone pains and anemia. Skull X-ray revealed multiple osteolytic lesions. The pa- tient was evaluated for multiple myeloma but detailed workup revealed the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with osteolytic bone metastases. Thus, bone metastases due to HCC, although rare, should be considered in patients presenting with bone pains due to os- teolytic lesions.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma bone metastases multiple myeloma