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Using the *** website to obtain robust phylogenies for avian comparative studies： A primer

Current Zoology 2015年第6期61卷 959-965页

作者： diego rubolini Andras LIKER Laszlo Z. GARAMSZEGI Anders P. MOLLEIR Nicola SAINO Dipartimento di Bioscienze Universita degli Studi di Milano via Celoria 26 1-20133 Milano Italy Department of Limnology University of Pannonia Pf. 158 H-8201 Veszpr6m Hungary Department of Evolutionary Ecology Estaci6n Biol6gica de Dofiana-CSIC c/Americo Vespucio s/n E-41092 Seville Spain Laboratoire Ecologie Systematique et Evolution UMR 8079 CNRS Universit6 Paris-Sud XI-AgroParisTech Batiment 362 Universit6 Paris-Sud XI F-91405 Orsay Cedex France

Comparative studies of trait evolution require accounting for the shared evolutionary history. This is done by includ- ing phylogenetic hypotheses into statistical analyses of species＇ traits, for which birds often serve as excellent models. The online publication of the most complete molecular phylogeny of extant bird species （***, BirdTree hereafter） now allows evolutionary biologists to rapidly obtain sets of equally plausible phylogenetic trees for any set of species to be incorporated as a phylogenetic hypothesis in comparative analyses. We discuss methods to use BirdTree tree sets for comparative studies, either by building a consensus tree that can be incorporated into standard comparative analyses, or by using tree sets to account for the ef- fect of phylogenetie uncertainty. Methods accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty should be preferred whenever possible because they should provide more reliable parameter estimates and realistic confidence intervals around them. Based on a real compara- tive dataset, we ran simulations to investigate the effect of variation in the size of the random tree sets downloaded from BirdTree on the variability of parameter estimates from a bivariate relationship between mass-specific productivity and body mass. Irre- spective of the method of analysis, using at least 1,000 trees allows obtaining parameter estimates with very small （〈 0.15%） co- efficients of variation. We argue that BirdTree, due to the ease of use and the major advantages over previous ＇traditional＇ meth- ods to obtain phylogenetic hypotheses of bird species （e.g. supertrees or manual coding of published phylogenies）, will become the standard reference in avian comparative studies for years to come.

关键词： Birds BirdTree Comparative method PGLM PGLS Phylogenetic uncertainty

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Effect of Heat Loss on Laminar Flamelet Species Concentration

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第5期25卷 418-423页

作者： Marco Boccanera diego Lentini Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale Sapienza Università di Roma

The effects of heat loss on the structure of laminar flamelets,which are the constitutive elements of turbulent flames under the most common operating conditions,are investigated for typical aeronautical gas-turbine operating conditions at *** magnitude of heat loss is quantified via the "enthalpy defect" measured with respect to an adiabatic flame.A procedure to generate laminar flamelets with an assigned enthalpy defect at the boundaries is devised and applied to nonpremixed propane/air flames,as propane reproduces the essential features of higher hydrocarbon *** is found,contrary to commonly held beliefs,that the enthalpy defect has a significant effect on the concentration not only of minor species,but also of main reaction *** effects are found in general to be more pronounced for fuel-rich *** impact is anticipated on the formation rate of nitric *** effects of scalar dissipation rate are also discussed.

关键词： Turbulent Combustion Heat Transfer Laminar Flamelets Hydrocarbon Combustion Aeroengines Gas Turbines

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Nerve growth factor catches copper in neuronal inning

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 665-666页

作者： diego La Mendola Department of Pharmacy University of Pisa

The physiological effect of neurotrophic factors and their role in Alzheimer’s disease(AD):Neurotrophins(NTs)are a family of homologues proteins that play an essential role in neuronal cells growth,survival and *** proteins include the nerve growth factor(NGF),the brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),NT-3 and NT-3,also known as NT-4/5.

关键词： Alzheimer copper differentiation.

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Two methodological approaches to assess the seismic vulnerability of masonry bridges

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第1期6卷 49-64页

作者： diego Maria Barbieri Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Civil Constructional and Environmental Engineering Sapienza University of Rome

This work describes the seismic vulnerability assessment of a railway masonry arch *** conservation state is initially investigated by means of a thorough field and laboratory test campaign, comprising destructive and non-destructive tests. Two different methods are used to evaluate the bridge seismic vulnerability. The first method adopts a deterministic approach and corresponds to a single non-linear static analysis, performed as described in the Eurocodes. The second method employs a probabilistic approach and considers the variability of the involved mechanical parameters(structure geometry and properties of the building materials) and seismic parameters(intensity of the action and site conditions). This method associates the probabilistic values of ground acceleration exceedance to the estimated seismic vulnerability. This is shown by means of fragility curves, which allow to take into consideration the uncertainty of the various components involved in the definition of the seismic vulnerability and display the seismic damage scenarios. Currently no code requires to perform this calculation procedure. In addition,this work compares the values of masonry mechanical properties specified in the Eurocodes with those obtained in an extensive investigation campaign involving more than one hundred masonry bridges. Compressive strength and longitudinal elasticity modulus are the relevant mechanical parameters investigated. The outcomes of this research can contribute to the development of a more efficient maintenance system of the masonry bridges belonging to the railway network. This has an important role when it comes to establishing the priority order of assets intervention.

关键词： Railway masonry arch bridge Bridge maintenance and conservation Masonry mechanical parameters Non-linear static analysis Seismic fragility Finite element analysis

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Orbit orientation in didelphid marsupials （Didelphimorphia： Didelphidae）

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Current Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 403-415页

作者： Patricia PILATTI diego ASTUA Laboratorio de Mastozoologia Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Prof. Moraes Rego S/N Cidade Universitaria Recife PE 50670-901 Brazil

Usually considered a morphologically conservative group, didelphid marsupials present consider- able variation in ecology and body size, some of which were shown to relate to morphological structures. Thus, changes on orbit morphology are likely and could be related to that variation. We calculated orbit orientation in 873 specimens of 16 Didelphidae genera yielding estimates of orbits convergence （their position relative to midsagittal line） and verticality （their position relative to frontal plane）. We then compared similarities in these variables across taxa to ecological, morpho- logical and phylogenetic data to evaluate the influencing factors on orbit orientation in didelphids. We found an inverse relation between convergence and verticality. Didelphids orbits have low ver- ticality but are highly convergent, yet orbit orientation differs significantly between taxa, and that variation is related to morphological aspects of the cranium. Rostral variables are the only morpho- logical features correlated with orbit orientation： increasing snout length yields more convergent orbits, whereas increase on snout breadth imply in more vertical orbits. Size and encephalization quotients are uncorrelated with orbit orientation. Among ecological data, diet showed significant correlation whereas locomotion is the factor that less affects the position of orbits. Phylogeny is uncorrelated to any orbital parameters measured. Ecological factors seemingly play a more import- ant role on orbit orientation than previously expected, and differentiation on orbit orientation seems to be more functional than inherited. Thus, despite the apparent homogeneity on didelphid morphology, there is subtle morphological variability that may be directly related to feeding behavior.

关键词： convergence Didelphidae frontation orbit orientation verticality.

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An Integrated Approach for Optimal Design of Micro Gas Turbine Combustors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2009年第2期18卷 173-184页

作者： Luca Fuligno diego Micheli Carlo Poloni EnginSoft s.p.a. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica Universita degli Studi di Trieste Dipartimento

The present work presents an approach for the optimized design of small gas turbine combustors, that integrates a0-D code, CFD analyses and an advanced game theory multi-objective optimization algorithm. The output of the0-D code is a baseline design of the combustor, given the required fuel characteristics, the basic geometry (tubularor annular) and the combustion concept (i.e. lean premixed primary zone or diffusive processes). For the optimizationof the baseline design a simplified parametric CAD/mesher model is then defined and submitted to a CFDcode. Free parameters of the optimization process are position and size of the liner hole arrays, their total area andthe shape of the exit duct, while different objectives are the minimization of NOx emissions, pressure losses andcombustor exit Pattern Factor. A 3D simulation of the optimized geometry completes the design procedure. As afirst demonstrative example, the integrated design process was applied to a tubular combustion chamber with alean premixed primary zone for a recuperative methane-fuelled small gas turbine of the 100 kW class.

关键词： micro gas turbine combustor optimized design

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Correlation of powder flow properties to interparticle interactions at ambient and high temperatures

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 90-99页

作者： Igino Tomasetta diego Barletta Massimo Poletto Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Università degli Studi di Salerno

A combination of a continuum approach and a particleparticle approach to describe the multiscale nature of the mechanical properties of bulk solids may be beneficial to scientific and engineering applica tions. In this paper, a procedure is proposed to estimate the interparticle forces beginning with the bulk flow properties as measured with standardized techniques. In particular, the relationship between inter particle forces and bulk solid tensile strength is adopted based on the microscale approaches of Rumpf （1970） and Molerus （1975）. The flow properties of fluid cracking catalyst （FCC）, corundum and glass bead powders were all characterized with a modified Schulze ring shear cell capable of operating at tempera tures up to 500 ~C. The powder test conditions were selected such that the van der Waals forces were the most significant particleparticle interactions. The model equations describe two cases, in which either elastic or plastic deformation of the contact points is assumed. The results indicate that the model pro vides the correct order of magnitude for the values of the tensile strength when proper values for the mean curvature radius at the contact points are taken into account. A sensitivity analysis for the main parameters in the model was performed. This analysis indicated that the assumption of plastic deforma tion at contact surfaces coupled with a decrease in porosity justified an increase of the tensile strength with consolidation stress. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the measured flow behavior can be explained as a change in the strength of the material.

关键词： Shear testingYield locusvan der Waals forcelnterparticle interactionsPowder consolidationHigh temperature

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A comparison between powder flow property testers

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Particuology 2017年第3期15卷 10-20页

作者： Hamid Salehi diego Barletta Massimo Poletto Dipartimento di lngegneria lndustriale Universita degli Studi di Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy

In this work, three different shear testers-the Jenike shear cell tester, the Schulze ring shear tester, and the Brookfield powder flow tester-were compared in terms of the raw shear stress time series, yield loci points, angle of internal friction, cohesion, and unconfined yield strength. The three different powders of dolomitic lime, calcium lactate, and calcium carbonate were used for these comparisons. These three powders were characterized into different flowability classes using the ]enike classification, wherein dolomitic lime falls into the cohesive range, calcium lactate falls into the free-flowing range, and calcium carbonate falls into the very cohesive range. Results showed that the best agreement between the testers was found with moderately cohesive powders such as dolomitic lime. Furthermore, the free-flowing material tends to produce more consistent data between the three testers in terms of shear stresses and yield loci. It should be noted that the pre-shear data of free-flowing powder obtained by the Jenike shear cell must be appropriately interpreted. The largest differences between the testers are found with calcium carbonate, which is a highly compressible powder. The ways in which a high powder compressibility can differently affect the results obtained with the different testers were discussed.

关键词： Powder flow property Shear tester Flowability Jenike tester Schulze tester Brookfield powder flow tester

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Enhanced sampling for lipid-protein interactions during membrane dynamics

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BIOCELL 2023年第1期47卷 1-14页

作者： diego MASONE Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza(IHEM)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Universidad Nacional de Cuyo(UNCuyo)Mendoza5500Argentina Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Nacional de Cuyo(UNCuyo)Mendoza5500Argentina

The inflexible concept of membrane curvature as an independent property of lipid structures is today *** bilayers behave as many-body entities with emergent properties that depend on their interactions with the *** particular,proteins exert crucial actions on lipid molecules that ultimately condition the collective properties of the *** this review,the potential of enhanced molecular dynamics to address cell-biology problems is *** cases of membrane deformation,membrane fusion,and the fusion pore are analyzed from the perspective of the dimensionality reduction by collective *** lipid-protein interactions as fundamental determinants of large membrane remodeling events are also ***,novel strategies merging cell biology and physics are considered as future lines of research.

关键词： Membrane bending Membrane fusion Fusion stalk Hemifusion diaphragm Fusion pore Molecular dynamics Collective variables Collective behavior Emergent properties

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2009年第5期30卷 505-512页

作者： Angel CASTRO diego CóRDOBA Instituto de Ciencias Matemticas CSIC-UAM-UC3M-UCMConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

The authors construct self-similar solutions for an N-dimensional transport equation,where the velocity is given by the Riezs *** solutions imply nonuniqueness of weak *** addition,self-similar solution for a one-dime... 详细信息

关键词： Hilbert transform Riesz transform Transport equations Self-similar solutions

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