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Extra food provisioning does not affect behavioral lateralization in nestling lesser kestrels

Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 66-75页

作者： Camilla Soravia Angelo Bisazza Jacopo G.Cecere diego rubolini Centre for Evolutionary Biology(M092) University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA 6009Australia Department of General Psychology University of Padovavia Venezia 8Padova I-35131Italy Padova Neuroscience Center University of PadovaVia Orus 2/BPadova I-35129Italy ISPRA—The Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research via CàFornacetta 9Ozzano dell’EmiliaBologna I-40064Italy Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universitàdegli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26MilanoI-20133Italy Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque IRSA-CNRVia del Mulino 19Brugherio I-20861Italy

Costs and benefits of brain lateralization may depend on environmental *** evidence indicates that the development of brain functional asymmetries is adaptively shaped by the environmental conditions experienced during early *** availability early in life could act as a proxy of the environmental conditions encountered during adulthood,but its potential modulatory effect on lateralization has received little *** increased food supply from egg laying to early nestling rearing in a wild population of lesser kestrels Falco naumanni,a sexually dimorphic raptor,and quantified the lateralization of preening behavior(head turning direction).As more lateralized individuals may perform better in highly competitive contexts,we expected that extra food provisioning,by reducing the level of intra-brood competition for food,would reduce the strength of *** found that extra food provisioning improved nestling growth,but it did not significantly affect the strength or direction of nestling *** addition,maternal body condition did not explain variation in nestling *** of extra food provisioning,the direction of lateralization differed between the sexes,with female nestlings turning more often toward their *** findings indicate that early food availability does not modulate behavioral lateralization in a motor task,suggesting limited phenotypic plasticity in this trait.

关键词： development laterality preening raptor sex-differences

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Perinatal variation and covariation of oxidative status and telomere length in yellow-legged gull chicks

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Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 509-516页

作者： Marco PAROLINI Cristina Daniela POSSENTI Andrea ROMANO Manuela CAPRIOLI diego rubolini Nicola SAINO Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of MilanMilanItaly Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneBuilding BiophoreLausanneSwitzerland

The perinatal period is critical to survival and performance of many *** birds,rapid postnatal growth and sudden exposure to aerial oxygen around hatching markedly affect the chick redox status,with potentially negative consequences on physiology mediated by oxidative *** addition,telomere length(TL)undergoes reduction during birds’early life,partly depending on oxidative ***,relatively few studies have focused specifically on the changes in oxidative status and TL that occur immediately after *** this study of the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis,we found that chicks undergo a marked increase in plasma total antioxidant capacity and a marked decrease in the concentration of pro-oxidant molecules during the first days after *** addition,TL in erythrocytes decreased by 1 standard deviation over the 4days *** mass and tarsus length covaried with total antioxidant capacity and concentration of pro-oxidants in a complex way,that partly depended on sex and laying order,suggesting that oxidative status can affect ***,TL positively covaried with the concentration of pro-oxidant molecules,possibly because retention of high concentrations of pro-oxidant molecules results from mechanisms of prevention of their negative effects,including reduction in ***,this study shows that chicks undergo marked variation in oxidative status,which predicts growth and subsequent TL,prompting for more studies of the perinatal changes in the critical posthatching stages.

关键词： early-life period oxidative status telomeres yellow-legged gull

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Telomere shortening is associated with corticosterone stress response in adult barn swallows

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 93-101页

作者： Alessandra COSTANZO Roberto AMBROSINI Marco PAROLINI Manuela CAPRIOLI Simona SECOMANDI diego rubolini Leonida FUSANI Virginie CANOINE Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of Milanvia Celoria 26I-20133 MilanItaly Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaAlthanstr.141090 ViennaAustria Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaSavoyenstr.1a1160 ViennaAustria

When vertebrates face stressful events,the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal(HPA)axis is activated,generating a rapid increase in circulating glucocorticoid(GC)stress hormones followed by a return to baseline ***,repeated activation of HPA axis may lead to increase in oxidative *** target of oxidative stress is telomeres,nucleoprotein complexes at the end of chromosomes that shorten at each cell *** susceptibility of telomeres to oxidizing molecules has led to the hypothesis that increased GC levels boost telomere shortening,but studies on this link are *** studied if,in barn swallows Hirundo rustica,changes in adult erythrocyte telomere length between 2 consecutive breeding seasons are related to corticosterone(CORT)(the main avian GC)stress response induced by a standard capture-restraint ***-individual telomere length did not significantly change between consecutive breeding ***-year individuals showed the highest increase in circulating CORT concentrations following ***,we found a decline in female stress response along the breeding *** addition,telomere shortening covaried with the stress response:a delayed activation of the negative feedback loop terminating the stress response was associated with greater telomere ***,among-individual variation in stress response may affect telomere dynamics.

关键词： allostasis corticosterone Hirundo rustica stress response telomere

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Wing morphology covaries with migration distance in a highly aerial insectivorous songbird

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 255-263页

作者： Piotr Matyjasiak Cosme Lopez-Calderon Roberto Ambrosini Javier Balbontin Alessandra Costanzo Yosef Kiat Andrea Romano diego rubolini Museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of Sciences Wilcza 64PL-00-679 WarsawPoland Departamento de Zoologia Facultad de BiologiaEdificio VerdeAvda.de Reina Mercedes s/nE-41012 SevillaSpain Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universita degli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26I-20133 MilanItaly Israeli Bird Ringing Center(IBRC) Israel Ornithological CenterSociety for the Protection of Nature in IsraelHanegev 2Tel-AvivIsrael Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque IRSA-CNRVia del Mulino 19I-20861 Brugherio(MB)Italy Institute of Biological Sciences Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in WarsawWoycickiego 1/3PL-01-815 Warsaw Department of Wetland Ecology Estacion Biologica de Donana CsiCAmerico Vespucio s/nE-41092 SevilleSpain

According to classical prediction of aerodynamic theory,birds and other powered fliers that migrate over long distances should have longer and more pointed wings than those that migrate ***,the association between wing morphology and migratory behavior can be masked by contrasting selective pressures related to foraging behavior,habitat selection and predator avoidance,possibly at the cost of lower flight energetic *** studied the handwing morphology of Eurasian barn swallows Hirundo rustica from four populations representing a migration distance *** species is an aerial insectivore,so it flies extensively while foraging,and may migrate during the day using a‘fly-and-forage’migration *** foraging flights may reinforce the effects of migration distance on flight *** found that two wings’aerodynamic properties—isometric handwing length and pointedness,both favoring energetically efficient flight,were more pronounced in barn swallows from populations undertaking longer seasonal migrations compared to less migratory *** result contrast with two recent interspecific comparative studies that either reported no relationship or reported a negative relationship between pointedness and the degree of migratory behavior in *** results may thus contribute to confirming the universality of the rule that longer migrations are associated with more pointed wings.

关键词： flight morphology geographical differences Hirundo rustica migration syndrome population wing shape

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Predation risk affects egg mass but not egg steroid hormone concentrations in yellow-legged gulls

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 401-408页

作者： Cristina Daniela Possenti Alexandra Bea Bentz Andrea Romano Marco Parolini Manuela Caprioli diego rubolini Kristen Navara Nicola Saino Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of Milan Via Giovanni Celoria 26 Milano 20133 Italy Department of Agricultural and Environ mental Sciences Un iversity of Georgia 203 Poultry Science Building Athens GA 30602 USA

Predators have both direct, consumptive effects on their prey and non-lethal effects on physiology and behavior, including reproductive decisions, with cascading effects on prey ecology and evol tion. Here, we experime ntally tested such non-lethal effects of exposure to in creased predati on risk on clutch size, egg mass, and the concentration of yolk steroid hormones in the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis. We simulated increased predation risk by displaying stuffed predators (adult fox Vulpes vulpes, and adult buzzard Buteo buteo) to breeding adults before egg laying. The concentration of corticosterone, which has bee n show n to in crease un der exposure to mater nal predati on risk in other species, and of testosterone did not differ between eggs from mothers exposed to the predators and eggs from control mothers (i.e., eggs exposed to a novel object of similar size and position to the stuffed predators). The concentration of the two hormones negatively covaried. Clutch size did not vary according to experimental treatment, whereas egg mass was markedly larger in clutches from n ests exposed to predators than in clutches from control n ests. By in creasing egg mass, mothers may reduce the risk of cooling of the eggs when incubation is impeded by predators, boost energy reserves, reduce post-natal detectability caused by food solicitation, and/ or enha nee developme nt at hatchi ng, thus increasing the cha nces of offspri ng survival. In general, our results are inconsistent with most of the few previous studies on similar non-lethal predator effects and suggest that such effects may vary among species according to ecological conditions, social behavior, and developmental mode.

关键词： clutch size corticosterone egg size predation effects testosterone

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Candidate genes have sex-specific effects ontiming of spring migration and moult speedin a long-distance migratory bird

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 479-486页

作者： Gaia BAZZI Stefano PODOFILLINI Emanuele GATTI Luca GIANFRANCESCHI Jacopo G. CECERE Fernando SPINA Nicola SAINO diego rubolini Dipartimento di Bioscienze Universita degli Studi di Milano via Celoria 26 Milan 1-20133 Italy ISPRA--Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale via Ca Fornacetta 9 Ozzano dell'EmiliaB0 1-40064 Italy

The timing of major life-history events, such as migration and moult, is set by endogenous circa-dian and circannual clocks, that have been well characterized at the molecular level. Conversely,the genetic sources of variation in phenology and in other behavioral traits have been sparsely ad-dressed. It has been proposed that inter-individual variability in the timing of seasonal events mayarise from allelic polymorphism at phenological candidate genes involved in the signaling cascadeof the endogenous clocks. In this study of a long-distance migratory passerine bird, the willowwarbler Phylloscopus trochilus, we investigated whether allelic variation at 5 polymorphic loci of 4candidate genes （Adcyapl, Clock, Crebl, and Npas2）, predicted 2 major components of the annualschedule, namely timing of spring migration across the central Mediterranean sea and moultspeed, the latter gauged from ptilochronological analyses of tail feathers moulted in the Africanwinter quarters. We identified a novel Clockgene locus （Clock region 3） showing polyQ polymorph-ism, which was however not significantly associated with any phenotypic trait. Npas2 allele sizepredicted male （but not female） spring migration date, with males bearing longer alleles migratingsignificantly earlier than those bearing shorter alleles. Crebl allele size significantly predicted male（but not female） moult speed, longer alleles being associated with faster moult. All othergenotype-phenotype associations were statistically non-significant. These findings provide newevidence for a role of candidate genes in modulating the phenology of different circannual activ-ities in long-distance migratory birds, and for the occurrence of sex-specific candidate gene effects.

关键词： Adcyapl, avian migration, candidate genes, clock, phenology, ptilochronology.

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Year-round multi-scale habitat selection by Crested Tit(Lophophanes cristatus)in lowland mixed forests(northern Italy)

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Avian Research 2022年第4期13卷 461-467页

作者： Alessandro Berlusconi Alessio Martinoli Lucas AWauters Giulia Tesoro Stefania Martini Erminio Clerici Gualtiero Guenzani Gabriele Pozzi diego rubolini Michelangelo Morganti Adriano Martinoli Environment Analysis and Management Unit-Guido Tosi Research Group-Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences Universita degli Studi dell’InsubriaVia J.H.Dunant 321100VareseItaly CNR-IRSA National Research Council–Water Research Institute Via del Mulino 1920861BrugherioMBItaly Gruppo Insubrico di Ornitologia c/o Civico Museo Insubrico di Storia Naturale di Clivio e Induno OlonaVia Manzoni21050ClivioVAItaly Parco Pineta di Appiano Gentile e Tradate Via Alessandro Manzoni1122070Castelnuovo BozzenteCOItaly e Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita Biologia dei Sistemi Universita degli Studi di TorinoVia Accademia Albertina 1310123TurinItaly Conservation Department LIPU-Birdlife Italia Via Udine 3/a43122ParmaItaly Department of Environmental Science and Policy Universita degli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 2620122MilanItaly

Determining how animals respond to resource availability across spatial and temporal extents is crucial to understand ecological processes underpinning habitat ***,we used a multi-scale approach to study the year-round habitat selection of the Crested Tit(Lophophanes cristatus)in a semi-natural lowland woodland of northern Italy,analysing different habitat features at each *** performed Crested Tit censuses at three different spatial *** the macrohabitat scale,we used geolocalized observations of individuals to compute Manly's habitat selection index,based on a detailed land-use map of the study *** the microhabitat scale,the trees features were compared between presence and absence *** the foraging habitat scale,individual foraging birds and their specific position on trees were recorded using focal animal *** were performed during both the breeding(March to May)and wintering(December to January)*** the macrohabitat scale,the Crested Tits significantly selected pure and mixed pine forests and avoided woods of alien plant species,farmlands and urban *** the microhabitat scale,old pine woods with dense cover were selected,with no significant difference in the features of tree selection between the two phenological *** the foraging habitat scale,the species was observed spending more time foraging in the canopies than in the understorey,using mostly the portion of Scots Pine(Pinus sylvestris)canopies closer to the trunk in winter,while during the breeding period,the whole canopy was ***,breeding and wintering habitats largely overlapped in the Crested *** on our findings,lowland Crested Tits can be well defined as true habitat specialists:they are strictly related to some specific coniferous woodland ***,compared to other tit species,which normally show generalist habits during winter,the Crested Tit behaves as a habitat specialist also out of the breeding ***

关键词： Crested tit Functional response Habitat selection Multi-scale approach Scots pine

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Yolk vitamin E positively affects prenatal growth but not oxidative status in yellow-legged gull embryos

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Current Zoology 2018年第3期64卷 285-292页

作者： Marco PAROLINI Cristina Daniela POSSENTI Filiz KARADAS Graziano COLOMBO Maria ROMANO Manuela CAPRIOLI Isabella DALLE-DONNE diego rubolini Aldo MILZANI Nicola SAINO Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of Milan via Celoria 26 20133 Milano Italy Department of Animal Science University of Yuzuncu Yil 65090 Van Turkey Department of Biosciences University of Milan via Celoria 26 20133 Milan Italy

Parental effects occur whenever the phenotype of parents or the environment that they experience influences the phenotype and fitness of their offspring, In birds, parental effects are often mediated by the size and biochemical quality of the eggs in terms of maternally transferred components. Exogenous antioxidants are key egg components that accomplish crucial physiological functions during early life. Among these, vitamin E plays a vital role during prenatal development when the intense metabolism accompanying rapid embryo growth results in overproduction of pro-oxidant molecules. Studies of captive birds have demonstrated the positive effect of vitamin E supplementation on diverse phenotypic traits of hatchling and adult individuals, but its effects on embryo phenotype has never been investigated neither in captivity nor under a natural selection regime. In the present study, we experimentally tested the effect of the in ovo supplementation of vitamin E on morphological traits and oxidative status of yellow-legged gull （Larus michahellis） embryos. The supplementation of vitamin E promoted somatic growth in embryos soon before hatching, but did not affect their oxidative status. Our results suggest that maternally transferred vitamin E concentrations are optimized to prevent imbalances of oxidative status and the consequent raise of oxidative damage in yellow-legged gull embryos during prenatal development.

关键词： Larus michahellis maternal effects morphological traits oxidative status prenatal period vitamin E.

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Interindividual variation and consistency of migratory behavior in the Eurasian woodcock

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Current Zoology 2020年第2期66卷 155-163页

作者： Alessandro TEDESCHI Michele SORRENTI Michele BOTTAZZO Mario SPAGNESI Ibon TELLETXEA Ruben IBANEZ Nicola TORMEN Federico DE PASCALIS Laura GUIDOLIN diego rubolini Associazione"Amici di Scolopax" Via Roma57Mugnano del CardinaleAVI-83027Italy Federazione Italiana della Caccia Ufficio Avifauna MigratoriaVia Salaria 298/ARoma1-00199Italy Veneto Agricoltura Viale dell’Universita 14LegnaroP D1-35020Italy Ekoclub International Via per Volano 45Volano di CodigoroFE1-44020Italy Club de Cazadores de Becada Avda.Schulz 84 dchaGijonE-33208Spain Dipartimento di Biologia Universita degli Studi di PadovaVia U.Bassi 58/bPadova1-35131Italy Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universita degli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26Milano1-20133Italy

Diverse spatio-temporal aspects of avian migration rely on relatively rigid endogenous ***,flexibility in migratory behavior may allow effective coping with unpredictable variation in ecological conditions that can occur during *** aimed at characterizing inter-and intraindividual variation of migratory behavior in a forest-dwelling wader species,the Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola,focusing on spatio-temporal consistency across repeated migration *** satellite-tracking birds from their wintering sites along the Italian peninsula to their breeding areas,we disclosed a remarkable variability in migration distances,with some birds flying more than 6,000 km to Central Asian breeding grounds(up to 101°E).Prebreeding migration was faster and of shorter duration than postbreeding *** moving over longer distances migrated faster during prebreeding migration,and those breeding at northernmost latitudes left their wintering areas ***,birds making longer migrations departed earlier from their breeding *** site fidelity was very high,whereas fidelity to wintering areas increased with *** routes were significantly consistent,both among repeated migration episodes and between pre-and postbreeding *** migration departure date was not significantly repeatable,whereas arrival date to the breeding areas was highly ***,interindividual variation in migratory behavior of woodcocks was mostly explained by the location of the breeding areas,and spatial consistency was relatively large through the entire annual *** in prebreeding migration departure date may suggest that environmental effects have a larger influence on temporal than on spatial aspects of migratory behavior.

关键词： arrival date breeding latitude flexibility repeatability satellite tracking wading birds

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Home,dirty home:effect of old nest material on nest-site selection and breeding performance in a cavity-nesting raptor

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 693-702页

作者： Stefano PODOFILLINI Jacopo G.CECERE Matteo GRIGGIO Andrea CURCIO Enrico L DE CAPUA Egidio FULCO Simone PIRRELLO Nicola SAINO Lorenzo SERRA Matteo VISCEGLIA diego rubolini Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universita degli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26MilanoI-20133Italy Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) Ozzano Emilia (BO)Italy Dipartimento di Biologia Universita degli Studi di PadovaItaly Provincia di Matera -Parco della Murgia Materana Italy Studio Naturalistico Milvus Pignola (PZ)Italy De Rerum Natura Montescaglioso (MT)Italy

The quality of a breeding site may have major fitness consequences.A fundamental step to understanding the process of nest-site selection is the identification of the information individuals use to choose high-quality nest *** secondary cavity-nesting bird species that do not add nest lining material,organic remains (faeces,pellets)accumulated inside nest cavities during previous breeding events may be a cue for high-quality nest-sites,as they contain information about past successful breeding and may improve thermal insulation of eggs during ***,cavities in which breeding was successful might also contain more nest-dwelling ectoparasites than unoccupied cavities, offering an incentive for prospective parents to avoid *** exposed breeding cavity-nesting lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni)to nestbox dyads consisting of a dirty (with a thick layer of organic substrate) and a clean nestbox (without organic material).Dirty nestboxes were strongly preferred,being occupied earlier and more frequently than clean *** success in dirty nestboxes was significantly higher than in clean ones,suggesting a positive effect of organic nest material on incubation efficiency, while nestbox dirtiness did not significantly affect clutch and brood *** from dirty nestboxes had significantly higher ectoparasite load than those from clean nestboxes soon after egg hatching,but this difference was not evident a few days *** substrate did not significantly affect nestling *** concluded that nest substrate is a key driver of nest-site choice in lesser kestrels,although the adaptive value of such a strong preference appears elusive and may be context-dependent.

关键词： Camus hemapterus ectoparasites nestbex nest substrate nest-site selection

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