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Correlation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to cognitive impairment following traumatic brain injury in rats

Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第11期3卷 1161-1167页

作者： dezhi kang zhang guo Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350005 Fujian Province China

BACKGROUND： In vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） can promote survival and differentiation of cholinergic, dopaminergic and motor neurons, and axonal regeneration. BDNF has neuroprotective effects on the nervous system. OBJECTIVE： To explore changes in BDNF expression and cognitive function in rats after brain injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neuropathology experiment was performed at the Second Research Room, Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University （China） from July 2007 to July 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 72 healthy, male, Sprague Dawley, rats were selected for this study. METHODS： Rat models of mild and moderate traumatic brain injury were created by percussion, according to Feeney＇s method （n = 24, each group）. A bone window was made in rats from the sham operation group （n = 24）, but no attack was conducted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： At days 1, 2, 4 and 7 following injury, BDNF expression in the rat frontal lobe cortex, hippocampus and basal forebrain was examined by immunohistochemistry （streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method）. Changes in rat cognitive function were assessed by the walking test, balance-beam test and memory function detection. RESULTS： Cognitive impairment was aggravated at day 2, and recovered to normal at days 3 and 7 in rats from the mild and moderate traumatic brain injury groups. BDNF expression in the rat frontal lobe cortex, hippocampus and basal forebrain was increased at 1 day, decreased at day 2, and then gradually increased in the mild and moderate traumatic brain injury groups. BDNF expression was greater in rats from the moderate traumatic brain injury group than in the sham operation and mild traumatic brain injury groups （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： BDNF expression in the rat frontal lobe cortex, hippocampus and basal forebrain is correlated to cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury. BDNF has a protective effect on cognitive function in rats followi

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive impairment traumatic brain injury

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Experimental Study on Energy Storage Characteristics of Sintered Ore Particle Packed Beds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 242-253页

作者： LAI Zhenya DING Liwei LYU Hongkun HOU Chenglong CHEN Jiaying guoXutao HAN Gaoyan zhang kang State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Research Institute Hangzhou 310014China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The particle packed bed energy storage system has advantages such as low costs and wide temperature ranges,which can be combined with solar thermal power generation systems to solve the inherent volatility and discontinuity of renewable *** new materials with low costs and excellent storage performances is one of the eternal research hotspots in the field of energy *** paper innovatively uses sintered ore particles as energy storage material and studies the effect of particle size on the airflow resistance characteristics,energy storage characteristics,and thermocline evolution characteristics of the packed bed through thermal energy storage *** results indicate that for the particles in the macro scale,the smaller the particle,the lower the absolute permeability of the bed and the greater the airflow *** packed bed with smaller particles has a larger specific surface area,larger bulk mass,and smaller bed ***,the packed beds with smaller particles have better thermocline characteristics,less irreversible loss,and can achieve higher thermal efficiency and higher exergy efficiency in the heat storage *** cycle thermal efficiency in packed beds with 25-40 mm,16-25 mm,and 10-16 mm particles is 53.58%,56.27%,and 57.60%,respectively,and the cycle exergy efficiency is 61.81%,69.25%,and 74.13%,***,this paper also studies the effect of discharging airflow rates on thermal storage *** experimental results indicate that suitable discharging strategies should be selected based on different heat demands.

关键词： particle packed bed airflow resistance thermal energy storage thermocline evolution

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Capsaicin(CAP) exerts a protective effect against ethanol-induced oxidative gastric mucosal injury by modulating the chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)/Src/p47phox signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第2期23卷 191-202页

作者： Zhiru Yang Haolin guo Pengfei zhang Kairui Liu Junli Ba Xue Bai Shiti Shama Bo zhang Xiaoning Gao Jun kang School of Life Sciences Tianjin University School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Tianjin Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Evaluation and Inspection Center Institute for TCM-X MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Bioinformatics Division BNRist Department of Automation Tsinghua University Institute of Biomedical Research Henan Academy of Sciences

Ethanol(EtOH) is a common trigger for gastric mucosal diseases, and mitigating oxidative stress is essential for attenuating gastric mucosal damage. Capsaicin(CAP) has been identified as a potential agent to counteract oxidative damage in the gastric mucosa; however, its precise mechanism remains unclear. This study demonstrates that CAP alleviates EtOH-induced gastric mucosal injuries through two primary pathways: by suppressing the chemokine receptor 4(CCR4)/Src/p47phox axis, thereby reducing oxidative stress, and by inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB) p65, resulting in diminished inflammatory responses. These findings elucidate the mechanistic pathways of CAP and provide a theoretical foundation for its potential therapeutic application in the treatment of gastric mucosal injuries.

关键词： Capsaicin Chemokine signaling Gastric mucosal damage NF-κB p65

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An experimental study on the magnetic field permeability of an inductive-pulsed plasma thruster

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 342-350页

作者： Bi-Xuan Che Jian-Jun Wu Mou-Sen Cheng Xiao-kang Li Yu zhang Da-Wei guo College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Inductive-pulsed plasma thruster is an in-space propulsion device that generates thrust by ionizing and accelerating plasma through pulsed electromagnetic *** this paper,the correlation between plasma structure evolution and magnetic field permeability is studied using a B-dot probe array system,combing with high-speed camera and electrical parameter *** discussions explained the mechanism how the magnetic permeation characteristics affect the energy deposition between circuit and plasma.

关键词： inductive-pulsed plasma thruster electric propulsion B-dot probe plasma structure

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Buqi-Tongluo Decoction inhibits osteoclastogenesis and alleviates bone loss in ovariectomized rats by attenuating NFATc1, MAPK, NF-κB signaling

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第1期23卷 90-101页

作者： Yongxian Li Jinbo Yuan Wei Deng Haishan Li Yuewei Lin Jiamin Yang Kai Chen Heng Qiu Ziyi Wang Vincent Kuek Dongping Wang Zhen zhang Bin Mai Yang Shao Pan kang Qiuli Qin Jinglan Li Huizhi guo Yanhuai Ma Danqing guo guoye Mo Yijing Fang Renxiang Tan Chenguang Zhan Teng Liu guoning Gu Kai Yuan Yongchao Tang De Liang Liangliang Xu Jiake Xu Shuncong zhang The First Clinical Academy Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine School of Biomedical Sciences University of Western Australia Curtin Medical School Curtin University Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Public Health and Management Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute of Functional Biomolecules Nanjing University

Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal condition characterized by reduced bone mass and strength, leading to increased fragility. Buqi-Tongluo(BQTL) decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) prescription, has yet to be fully evaluated for its potential in treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis. To investigate the mechanism by which BQTL decoction inhibits osteoclast differentiation in vitro and validate these findings through in vivo *** employed MTS assays to assess the potential proliferative or toxic effects of BQTL on bone marrow macrophages(BMMs) at various concentrations. TRAc P experiments were conducted to examine BQTL's impact on osteoclast differentiation. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were utilized to evaluate the relative expression levels of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins under BQTL stimulation. Finally, in vivo experiments were performed using an osteoporosis model to further validate the in vitro findings. This study revealed that BQTL suppressed receptor activator of NF-κB ligand(RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast resorption activity in vitro in a dose-dependent manner without observable *** inhibitory effects of BQTL on osteoclast formation and function were attributed to the downregulation of NFATc1 and c-fos activity, primarily through attenuation of the MAPK, NF-κB, and Calcineurin signaling pathways. BQTL's inhibitory capacity was further examined in vivo using an ovariectomized(OVX) rat model, demonstrating a strong protective effect against bone loss. BQTL may serve as an effective therapeutic TCM for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the alleviation of bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and related conditions.

关键词： Buqi-Tongluo Estrogen deficiency MAPK NF-κB NFATc1 Osteoclast Osteoporosis

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Experimental study on egress capacity of key facilities in pressurized oxygen-supplement compartments

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 536-546页

作者： Kai-Qiang Wang Xue-Hua Song Wei-Jun Liu kang Wen Zhi-Gang Shi Jun zhang Bin Yao Wei-guo Song China Construction Institute of Advanced Technology Wuhan 450000China State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Business School University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Intelligent Emergency Management University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Pressurized buildings have emerged as a novel architectural solution to alleviate altitude illness in high-altitude *** conventional buildings,evacuation from this kind of building has to experience a depressurization time,which results in air expansion and heat absorption,creating a dense fog and impairing sight within the *** experiments were performed in a pressurized oxygen-supplement compartment to investigate the pedestrian motion *** on the questionnaires,participants reported varying degrees of symptoms such as ear blockage,reduced environmental noise,and dizziness,which had a measurable impact on their *** focus on the evacuation parameters through three basic building components:staircases,pressure transition cabins,and escape *** the visibility in the compartment decreases from high to low,the movement patterns of pedestrian shift from triangular to single-file with a significant decline in evacuation *** is found that there is a linear relationship between evacuation time and the number of evacuees through escape *** pressure transition cabin is a crucial evacuation route in emergencies,and evacuation time is recommended as the key metric for assessing its *** findings offer valuable insights for emergency evacuation strategies in pressurized buildings.

关键词： altitude visibility architectural

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Room-Temperature Magnetism of Ceria Nanocubes by Inductively Transferring Electrons to Ce Atoms from Nearby Oxygen Vacancy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2016年第1期8卷 13-19页

作者： Yue kang Qiang Leng Donglin guo dezhi Yang Yanping Pu Chenguo Hu Department of Applied Physics Chongqing University School of Public Affairs Chongqing University

Ceria(CeO_2) nanocubes were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and weak ferromagnetism was observed in room temperature. After ultraviolet irradiation, the saturation magnetization was significantly enhanced from*3.18×10^(-3) to *1.89×10^(-2) emug^(-1). This is due to the increase of oxygen vacancies in CeO_2 structure which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectra. The first-principle calculation with Vienna ab-initio simulation package was used to illustrate the enhanced ferromagnetism mechanism after calculating the density of states(DOSs) and partial density of states(PDOSs) of CeO_2 without and with different oxygen vacancies. It was found that the increase of oxygen vacancies will enlarge the PDOSs of Ce 4f orbital and DOSs. Two electrons in one oxygen vacancy are respectively excited to 4f orbital of two Ce atoms neighboring the vacancy, making these electron spin directions on 4f orbitals of these two Ce atoms parallel. This superexchange interaction leads to the formation of ferromagnetism in CeO_2 at room temperature. Our work indicates that ultraviolet irradiation is an effective method to enhance the magnetism of CeO_2 nanocube, and the firstprinciple calculation can understand well the enhanced magnetism.

关键词： UV irradiation Oxygen vacancies Saturation magnetism Spin direction Superexchange interaction

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Application of machine learning in ground-based gravitational wave transient noise data processing

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Scientia Sinica: Physica, Mechanica et Astronomica 2025年第3期55卷 1-1页

作者： Xie, QunYing kang, RuiChun Li, JiaTong guo, YiYang Zhao, ShaoDong zhang, XueHao Zou, XiaoBo Schoool of Information Science & Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Application of MOE Lanzhou 730000 China School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

In 2015, LIGO first detected the binary black hole merger event GW150914, marking a new era in gravitational wave astronomy. Ground-based laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors possess extremely high sensitivity, making them susceptible to transient noise (glitches) from both the instrument and the environment. Despite the development of various methods and tools in gravitational wave signal processing to enhance the characterization, identification, and removal of these glitches, LIGO’s continuous data output can overwhelm any research team. Therefore, developing robust methods to manage glitches is crucial for improving the reliability and scientific value of gravitational wave detection. This article first reviews the advantages and disadvantages of general noise data processing methods, then outlines the applications of various machine learning techniques in this area. Finally, it introduces the latest application of machine learning in glitch data processing through the Gravity Spy project. The goal is to present recent advancements in machine learning for the recognition, modeling, and removal of glitches, providing a reference for researchers handling transient noise in ground-based gravitational wave data. © 2024 《中国科学》杂志社

关键词： artificial intelligence data analysis gravitational wave noise

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Confluence of asymmetric catalysis and electrosynthesis in sustainable chemical transformations

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 755-758页

作者： Qinglin zhang kang Liang Chang guo Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Electrosynthesis has gained widespread recognition for its extraordinary ability to precisely control the redox *** outstanding capability enables the direct conversion of non-functionalized substrates into reactive intermediates by utilizing easily accessible starting materials, eliminating the need for preliminary functionalization procedures and allowing for unconventional bond activations.

关键词： Confluence of asymmetric catalysis and electrosynthesis in sustainable chemical transformations

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Microstructure studies of the grinding damage in monocrystalline silicon wafers

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Rare Metals 2007年第1期26卷 13-18页

作者： zhang Yinxia kang Renke guo Dongming JIN Zhuji Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of Chinese MinisWy of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

The depth and nature of the subsurface damage in a silicon wafer will limit the performance of IC components. Damage microstructures of the silicon wafers ground by the #325, #600, and #2000 grinding wheels was analyzed. The results show that many microcracks, fractures, and dislocation rosettes appear in the surface and subsurface of the wafer ground by the #325 grinding wheel. No obvious microstructure change exists. The amorphous layer with a thickness of about 100 nm, microcracks, high density dislocations, and polycrystalline silicon are observed in the subsurface of the wafer ground by the #600 grinding wheel. For the wafer ground by the #2000 grinding wheel, an amorphous layer of about 30 nm thickness, a polycrystalline silicon layer, a few dislocations, and an elastic deformation layer exist. In general, with the decrease in grit size, the material removal mode changes from micro-fracture mode to ductile mode gradually.

关键词： silicon wafers grinding subsurface damage microstructure

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