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Do cratons preserve evidence of stagnant lid tectonics?

Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 3-17页

作者： derek wyman School of Geosciences The University of Sydney

Evidence for episodic crustal growth extending back to the Hadean has recently prompted a number of numerically based geodynamic models that incorporate cyclic changes from stagnant lid to mobile lid tectonics. A large part of the geologic record is missing for the times at which several of these cycles are inferred to have taken place. The cratons, however, are likely to retain important clues relating to similar cycles developed in the Mesoarchean and Neoarchean. Widespread acceptance of a form of plate tectonics by ～3.2 Ga is not at odds with the sporadic occurrence of stagnant lid tectonics after this time. The concept of scale as applied to cratons, mantle plumes and Neoarchean volcanic arcs are likely to provide important constraints on future models of Earth's geodynamic evolution. The Superior Province will provide some of the most concrete evidence in this regard given that its constituent blocks may have been locked into a stagnant lid relatively soon after their formation and then assembled in the next global plate tectonic interval. Perceived complexities associated with inferred mantle plume — volcanic arc associations in the Superior Province and other cratons may be related to an over estimation of plume size. A possible stagnant lid episode between ～2.9 Ga and ～2.8 Ga is identified by previously unexplained lapses in volcanism on cratons, including the Kaapvaal, Yilgarn and Superior Province cratons. If real, then mantle dynamics associated with this episode likely eliminated any contemporaneous mantle plume incubation sites, which has important implications for widespread plumes developed at ～2.7 Ga and favours a shallow mantle source in the transition zone. The Superior Province provides a uniquely preserved local proxy for this global event and could serve as the basis for detailed numerical models in the future.

关键词： Archean Mantle overturn Superior Province Mantle plumes Stagnant lid tectonics

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Mantle plumes,triple junctions and transforms:A reinterpretation of Pacific Cretaceous-Tertiary LIPs and the Laramide connection

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第4期11卷 1133-1144页

作者： Michael Fletcher derek A.wyman Sabin Zahirovic EarthByte Group School of GeosciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South Wales2006Australia

The Shatsky and Hess Rises,the Mid-Pacific Mountains and the Line Islands large igneous provinces(LIPs) present different challenges to conventional plume *** the genesis of these LIPs is important not only for a more complete understanding of mantle plumes and plume-generated magmatism,but also for establishing the role of subducted LIP conjugates in the evolution of the Laramide orogeny and other circum-Pacific orogenic events,which are related to the development of large porphyry *** past difficulties in developing consistent geodynamic models for these LIPs,it is useful to consider whether viable alternative geodynamic scenarios may be provided by recent concepts such as melt channel networks and channel-associated lineaments,along with the "two mode"model of melt generation,where a deeply-sourced channel network is superimposed on the plume,evolving and adapting over millions of years.A plume may also interact with transform faults in close proximity to a mid ocean ridge,with the resultant bathymetric character strongly affected by the relative age difference of lithosphere across the *** results suggest that the new two-mode melt models resolve key persistent issues associated with the Shatsky Rise and other LIPs and provide evidence for the existence of a conduit system within plumes that feed deeply-sourced material to the plume head,with flow maintained over considerable *** conduit system eventually breaks down during plume-ridge separation and may do so prior to the plume head being freed from the triple junction or spreading *** is evidence for not only plume head capture by a triple junction but also for substantial deformation of the plume stem as the distance between the stem and anchored plume head *** evidence suggests that young transforms can serve as pathways for plume material migration,at least in certain plume head-transform configurations.A fortuitous similarity between the path of the

关键词： Mantle plume Shatsky rise Hess rise Mid-pacific mountains Laramide orogeny

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Ridge subduction, magmatism, and metallogenesis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第10期63卷 1499-1518页

作者： Qiang WANG Gongjian TANG Lulu HAO derek wyman Lin MA Wei DAN Xiuzheng ZHANG Jinheng LIU Tongyu HUANG Chuanbing XU State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Geosciences The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia

Modern oceans contain large bathymetric highs(spreading oceanic ridges,aseismic ridges or oceanic plateaus and inactive arc ridges)that,in total,constitute more than 20–30%of the total area of the world’s ocean *** bathymetric highs may be subducted,and such processes are commonly referred to as ridge *** ridge subduction events are not only very common and important geodynamic processes in modern oceanic plate tectonics,they also play an important role in the generation of arc magmatism,material recycling,the growth and evolution of continental crust,the deformation and modification of the overlying plates,and metallogenesis at convergent plate ***,these events have attracted widespread *** perpendicular or high-angle subduction of mid-ocean spreading ridges is commonly characterized by the occurrence of a slab window,and the formation of a distinctive adakite–high-Mg andesite–Nb-enriched basalt-oceanic island basalt(OIB)or a mid-oceanic ridge basalt(MORB)-type rock suite,and is closely associated with Au *** ridges or oceanic plateaus are traditionally considered to be difficult to subduct,to typically collide with arcs or continents or to induce flat subduction(low angle of less than 10°)due to the thickness of their underlying normal oceanic crust(>6–7 km)and high ***,the subduction of aseismic ridges and oceanic plateaus occurred on both the western and eastern sides of the Pacific Ocean during the *** the eastern side of the Pacific Ocean,aseismic ridges or oceanic plateaus are being subducted flatly or at low angles beneath South and Central American continents,which may cause a magmatic *** slab melting can occur and adakites,or an adakite–high-Mg andesite–adakitic andesite–Nb-enriched basalt suite may be formed during the slab rollback or ***-Au mineralization is commonly associated with such flat subduction *** the western side of the Pacific Ocean,ho

关键词： Spreading mid ocean ridge Aseismic ridge Oceanic plateau Inactive arc ridge Subduction Magmatism Metal minerlization Crustal growth

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天山北部石炭纪埃达克岩-高镁安山岩-富Nb岛弧玄武质岩：对中亚造山带显生宙地壳增生与铜金成矿的意义

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岩石学报 2006年第1期22卷 11-30页

作者：王强赵振华许继峰 derek A.wyman 熊小林资峰白正华中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素年代学与地球化学重点实验室广州510640 悉尼大学地球科学学院地质与地球物理系

新疆天山北部地区存在有石炭纪的埃达克岩-高镁安山岩-富Nb玄武质岩组合,并且其中许多岩石与铜(金)矿床伴生(如达巴特、阿希、土屋-延东、赤湖,等等)。埃达克岩富钠、高Sr但亏损Y与Yb,无明显Eu-正Eu异常以及正Sr异常与Nb、Ti亏损。高铁... 详细信息

新疆天山北部地区存在有石炭纪的埃达克岩-高镁安山岩-富Nb玄武质岩组合,并且其中许多岩石与铜(金)矿床伴生(如达巴特、阿希、土屋-延东、赤湖,等等)。埃达克岩富钠、高Sr但亏损Y与Yb,无明显Eu-正Eu异常以及正Sr异常与Nb、Ti亏损。高铁安山(闪长)岩是本次研究首次报道的,这些岩石无明显Eu-正Eu异常以及Nb、Ti亏损,普遍具有高的MgO和Cr、Ni含量,其中阿希金矿区一些样品类似于日本西南新生代Setouchi弧火山岩带中的赞岐岩类。富Nb玄武质岩富钠贫钾,具有微弱负-正Ba、Nb和Ti异常以及高的Nb/La比值,不同于大多数正常岛弧玄武岩。天山北部地区石炭纪埃达克岩具有高的ε_(Nd)(t)(+3．4～+9．0)和低的(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i(0．7032～0．7043)。富Nb玄武质岩具有变化的ε_(Nd)(t)(+3．6～+11．6)和(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i(0．7007～0．7067)。我们的研究表明,天山北部地区石炭纪埃达克岩-高镁安山岩-富Nb玄武质岩组合可能是“埃达克岩交代的岛弧岩浆岩系列”。埃达克岩最有可能由石炭纪北天山洋的年轻洋壳在俯冲过程中熔融形成。另外,俯冲板片产生的熔体以及所释放的少量流体在上升过程中可能交代地幔楔橄榄岩或与其发生反应：一方面,触发地幔楔橄榄岩发生熔融形成富Nb岛弧玄武质岩；另一方面,地幔组分迅速进入到板片熔体中,导致其地幔组分增加,乃至形成高镁安山岩。因此,天山北部地区石炭纪埃达克岩-高镁安山岩-富Nb玄武质岩组合表明：(1)天山北部地区石炭纪可能为岛孤环境而非裂谷环境；(2)天山地区石炭纪的地壳生长可能以侧向增生为主；(3)除了亏损地幔之外,俯冲洋壳的熔融可能也在地壳的生长中发挥了重要的作用；(4)俯冲板片产生的埃达克质岩浆具有高的氧逸度,而其与地幔楔橄榄岩的强烈相互作用将导致地幔中的金属硫化物分解,成矿金属元素进入到岩浆中。这可能是新疆北部铜金矿化与一些埃达克岩、高镁安山(闪长)岩或富Nb岛弧玄武质岩密切共生的基本原因。

关键词：埃达克岩赞岐岩类高镁安山岩富Nb玄武质岩地壳生长斑岩铜矿金矿新疆

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Eocene Crustal Thickening and Uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau:Evidence from Adakitic Volcanic Rocks

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 274-274页

作者： derek A.wyman School of Geosciences Division of Geology and GeophysicsThe University of Sydney

Changes in oceanic O-Sr-C isotopic compositions, global cooling and Asian continental aridification beginning in the Middle-Late Eocene(47-34 Ma) are considered to have been caused by the uplift of the Tibetan *** specific timing and uplift mechanism,however,have long been subjects of *** investigated the Duogecuoren lavas of the central-western Qiangtang block,which form the largest outcrops among Cenozoic lavas in north-

关键词： adakites high-Mg andesites subduction uplift Eocene icehouse Tibet

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西天山东塔尔别克金矿区安山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、元素地球化学与岩石成因

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岩石学报 2009年第6期25卷 1341-1352页

作者：唐功建王强赵振华 derek A wyman 陈海红贾小辉姜子琦中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素年代学与地球化学重点实验室广州510640 中国科学院研究生院北京100039 中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室武汉4300474 悉尼大学地球科学学院地质与地球物理系

东塔尔别克金矿区位于西天山吐拉苏盆地内阿希金矿区南侧,构造上属于伊犁-中天山微板块与准噶尔板块之间的博罗科努早古生代岛弧带西段。东塔尔别克矿区出露有一些安山岩,这些岩石具有典型高镁安山岩特征,如高硅(SiO_2=58.94%～63.85%)... 详细信息

东塔尔别克金矿区位于西天山吐拉苏盆地内阿希金矿区南侧,构造上属于伊犁-中天山微板块与准噶尔板块之间的博罗科努早古生代岛弧带西段。东塔尔别克矿区出露有一些安山岩,这些岩石具有典型高镁安山岩特征,如高硅(SiO_2=58.94%～63.85%),具有较高的MgO含量(3.75%～6.59%)和Mg~#(58～69)、高的Cr(94.2×10^(-6)～241×10^(-6))、和Ni (54.5×10^(-6)～126×10^(-6))含量,以及低的FeO^T/MgO比值。除了Sr含量略微偏低(235×10^(-6)～696×10^(-6))之外,这些岩石基本显示了埃达克岩的地球化学特征:高的Al_2O_3(15.39%～16.65%),低Y(9.86×10^(-6)～14.9×10^(-6))含量,以及高的Sr/Y比值(23.8～48.1),无Eu异常,Nb、Ta、Ti亏损等。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示安山岩的年龄为347.2±1.6Ma,为早石炭世。安山岩富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,具有俯冲带岛弧岩浆的特征。东塔尔别克安山岩可能形成于岛弧环境中,并可能由俯冲的晚古生代北天山洋洋壳以及少量上覆沉积物熔融形成,产生的熔体在上升过程中与地幔橄榄岩发生了相互作用.熔体-地幔相互作用对区内金矿的形成具有重要意义。

关键词： LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年高镁埃达克岩金矿化岛弧西天山

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西天山达巴特A型花岗岩的形成时代与构造背景

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岩石学报 2008年第5期24卷 947-958页

作者：唐功建陈海红王强赵振华 derek A．wyman 姜子琦贾小辉中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素年代学与地球化学重点实验室广州510640 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 中国地质大学(武汉)地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室武汉430074 悉尼大学地球科学学院地质与地球物理系澳大利亚新南威尔士2006

达巴特花岗斑岩侵入体位于西天山北部的赛里木湖北部，构造上属于准葛尔板块与伊犁-中天山板块之间的造山带。达巴特花岗岩斑岩具有A型花岗岩的特征，如高硅（SiO2=75．38％～77．61％）、碱（Na2O＋K2O=8．26％～10．10％）和Fe／（Fe... 详细信息

达巴特花岗斑岩侵入体位于西天山北部的赛里木湖北部，构造上属于准葛尔板块与伊犁-中天山板块之间的造山带。达巴特花岗岩斑岩具有A型花岗岩的特征，如高硅（SiO2=75．38％～77．61％）、碱（Na2O＋K2O=8．26％～10．10％）和Fe／（Fe＋Mg）（0．91～0．98），但低Al2O3（12．04～12．91％）和CaO（0．03％～0．42％），富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素和Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素，（Ga／Al）×10^4值变化于3．19～3．40之间，具有明显的负Eu、Ba和Sr异常，稀土配分显示“海鸥型”特征。这巴特花岗岩斑岩具有较高的Rb／Nh和Y／Nb比值，显示了A2型花岗岩的特征。LA—ICP—Ms锆石U—Pb测年结果显示达巴特岩体的侵位年龄为288．9±2．3Ma，并且一些锆石具有老的核（319．0±4．7），暗示花岗岩斑的源岩中可能包含有石炭纪的岩浆岩。结合区域地质和岩浆岩资料，我们认为西天山早二叠世处于伸展的背景中，可能与造山带后碰撞阶段的演化有关。

关键词： LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年 A型花岗岩后碰撞西天山

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西准噶尔包古图成矿斑岩年代学与地球化学：岩石成因与构造、铜金成矿意义

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地球科学（中国地质大学学报） 2009年第1期34卷 56-74页

作者：唐功建王强赵振华 derek A.wyman 陈海红贾小辉姜子琦中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素年代学与地球化学重点实验室广东广州510640 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 悉尼大学地球科学学院地质与地球物理系澳大利亚新南威尔士中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室湖北武汉430074

西准噶尔包古图地区的一些小型斑岩体或脉岩与铜金矿化的关系非常密切,引起了人们的广泛关注.报道了一些斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果和岩石地球化学成分资料.Ⅱ、Ⅴ岩体的石英闪长斑岩中岩浆结晶锆石的定年结果分别为314.9±1.7Ma... 详细信息

西准噶尔包古图地区的一些小型斑岩体或脉岩与铜金矿化的关系非常密切,引起了人们的广泛关注.报道了一些斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果和岩石地球化学成分资料.Ⅱ、Ⅴ岩体的石英闪长斑岩中岩浆结晶锆石的定年结果分别为314.9±1.7Ma和309.9±1.9Ma,Ⅲ岩体的闪长玢岩中岩浆结晶锆石的定年结果为313.9±2.6Ma,表明包古图地区的岩体形成于晚石炭世.包古图地区小岩体的岩石富Na、高Sr,贫Y和Yb,无明显的Eu异常,具有埃达克岩特征,同时有些岩石富集MgO(3.93%～4.78%),具有高的Mg#(68～74),类似高镁安山岩.结合区域地质和岩浆岩的资料,认为:(1)包古图地区的小岩体形成于晚石炭世的岛弧环境,并可能与石炭纪的洋脊俯冲有关,其中埃达克质岩为俯冲洋脊两侧的板片熔融而形成,而高镁闪长岩类为俯冲板片熔体与地幔橄榄岩相互作用的产物;(2)包古图地区的铜金矿床也很可能与洋脊俯冲有关,高氧逸度的板片熔体上升并与地幔橄榄岩相互作用,这使得地幔中的金属硫化物不稳定,释放出金属成矿物质,从而使得Cu、Au等在熔体中不断富集而形成矿床.

关键词：锆石U-Pb定年埃达克岩高镁闪长岩洋脊俯冲板片窗西准噶尔中亚造山带

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Evolution of pore systems in low-maturity oil shales during thermal upgrading--Quantified by dynamic SEM and machine learning

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1739-1750页

作者： Jun Liu Xue Bai derek Elsworth Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering(Ministry of Education) Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon TechnologySichuan UniversityChengdu610065SichuanChina International Quantum Academy Shenzhen518048GuangdongChina Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055GuangdongChina Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering Pennsylvania State University ParkPA 16802USA

In-situ upgrading by heating is feasible for low-maturity shale oil,where the pore space dynamically *** characterize this response for a heated substrate concurrently imaged by *** systematically follow the evolution of pore quantity,size(length,width and cross-sectional area),orientation,shape(aspect ratio,roundness and solidity)and their anisotropy—interpreted by machine *** indicate that heating generates new pores in both organic matter and inorganic ***,the newly formed pores are smaller than the original pores and thus reduce average lengths and widths of the bedding-parallel pore ***,the average pore lengths and widths are increased in the bedding-perpendicular ***,heating increases the cross-sectional area of pores in low-maturity oil shales,where this growth tendency fluctuates at300℃.In addition,the orientation and shape of the newly-formed heating-induced pores follow the habit of the original pores and follow the initial probability distributions of pore orientation and ***,limited anisotropy is detected in pore direction and shape,indicating similar modes of evolution both bedding-parallel and *** propose a straightforward but robust model to describe evolution of pore system in low-maturity oil shales during heating.

关键词： Low-maturity oil shale Pore elongation Organic matter pyrolysis In-situthermal upgrading Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) Machine learning

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中温热液金矿床的地球动力学背景及其与增生构造体制的关系

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国外火山地质 1992年第1期 5-9页

作者： Robert Kerrich derek wyman 俞正奎

显生代中温热液金成矿省的特征是与区域构造有关。沿着这些区域构造,外来地体增生成为陆缘或岛弧。超压变形、隆起、晚期成矿作用和橄榄玄粗质岩浆作用的循环顺序与增厚地壳的热再平衡是一致的。苏比利尔成矿省的中温热液金矿区在空间... 详细信息

显生代中温热液金成矿省的特征是与区域构造有关。沿着这些区域构造,外来地体增生成为陆缘或岛弧。超压变形、隆起、晚期成矿作用和橄榄玄粗质岩浆作用的循环顺序与增厚地壳的热再平衡是一致的。苏比利尔成矿省的中温热液金矿区在空间上与巨型构造有关,这种构造被认为是由不同的单独亚省或外来地体形成的超压增生带。这些边界构造依次发生水平方向缩短、隆起、晚期成矿作用,以及橄榄玄粗质煌斑岩的形成为特征,因此,这些边界构造

关键词：热液金矿成矿省金成矿作用地球动力学背景岩石矿床矿藏苏必利尔

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