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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 366-377页

作者： Samuel Abokyi dennis Yan-yin Tse School of Optometry The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research center for SHARP Vision The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina center for Eye and Vision Research Sha TinHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders,including diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,and glaucoma,following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their *** comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches,focusing on the activation of transcription factor *** meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies,such as exercise,calorie restriction,rapamycin,and metformin,in patients and animal models of these common retinal *** review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging,its neuroprotective effects,and its therapeutic potential for retinal *** impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific,influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing *** vascular endothelial cells,transcription factor EB controls important processes,including endothelial cell proliferation,endothelial tube formation,and nitric oxide levels,thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier,angiogenesis,and retinal ***,transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells,inhibiting vascular calcification and *** retinal pigment epithelial cells,transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy,lysosomal dynamics,and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin,thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in *** cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis,neuronal synapse plasticity,energy metabolism,microvasculature,and inflammation,ultimately offering pro

关键词： age-related macular degeneration anti-aging interventions autophagy calorie restriction diabetic retinopathy exercise glaucoma neuromodulation phagocytosis photoreceptor outer segment degradation retinal aging transcription factor EB

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Asymptotic false discovery control of the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for pairwise comparisons

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Science china Mathematics 2025年第1期 223-252页

作者： Weidong Liu dennis Leung Qi-Man Shao School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne Department of Statistics and Data Science SICMSouthern University of Science and Technology

In a one-way analysis-of-variance(ANOVA) model,the number of pairwise comparisons can become large even with a moderate number of *** by this,we consider a regime with a growing number of groups and prove that,when testing pairwise comparisons,the Benjamini-Hochberg(BH) procedure can asymptotically control false discoveries,despite the fact that the involved t-statistics do not exhibit the wellknown positive dependence structure required for exact false discovery rate(FDR) *** Tukey's perspective that the difference between the means of any two groups cannot be exactly zero,our main result provides control over the directional false discovery rate and directional false discovery proportion.A key technical contribution of our work is demonstrating that the dependence among the t-statistics is sufficiently weak to establish the convergence result typically required for asymptotic FDR *** analysis does not rely on conventional assumptions such as normality,variance homogeneity,or a balanced design,thereby offering a theoretical foundation for applications in more general settings.

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Study on the wind field and pollutant dispersion in street canyons using a stable numerical method

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第3期17卷 488-490页

作者： dennis Y.c. LEUNG Department of Mechanical Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

A stable finite element method for the time dependent Navier-Stokes equations was used for studying the wind flow and pollutant dispersion within street canyons. A three-step fractional method was used to solve the velocity field and the pressure field separately from the governing equations. The Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin(SUPG) method was used to get stable numerical results. Numerical oscillation was minimized and satisfactory results can be obtained for flows at high Reynolds numbers. Simulating the flow over a square cylinder within a wide range of Reynolds numbers validates the wind field model. The Strouhal numbers obtained from the numerical simulation had a good agreement with those obtained from experiment. The wind field model developed in the present study is applied to simulate more complex flow phenomena in street canyons with two different building configurations. The results indicated that the flow at rooftop of buildings might not be assumed parallel to the ground as some numerical modelers did. A counter-clockwise rotating vortex may be found in street canyons with an inflow from the left to right. In addition, increasing building height can increase velocity fluctuations in the street canyon under certain circumstances, which facilitate pollutant dispersion. At high Reynolds numbers, the flow regimes in street canyons do not change with inflow velocity.

关键词： finite element method Streamline Upwind Petrov-Galerkin method three-step fractional method

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Impacts of environmental factors on urban heating

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第12期22卷 1903-1909页

作者： Rizwan Ahmed Memon dennis Y.c.Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong

This study investigated the impact of important environmental variables （i.e., wind speed, solar radiation and cloud cover） on urban heating. Meteorological parameters for fifteen years （from 1990 to 2005）, collected at a well developed and densely populated commercial area （Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong）, were analyzed in details. Urban heat island intensity （UHII）, a well known indicator of urban heating, has been determined as the spatially averaged air-temperature difference between Tsim Sha Tsui and Ta Kwu Ling （a thinly populated rural area with lush vegetation）. Results showed that the UHII and cloud cover have increased by around 9.3% and 4%, respectively, whereas the wind speed and solar radiation have decreased by around 24% and 8.5%, respectively. The month of December experienced the highest UHII （10.2℃） but the lowest wind speed （2.6 m/sec） and cloud cover （3.8 oktas）. conversely, the month of April observed the highest increases in the UHII （over 100%） and the highest decreases in wind speed （over 40 %） over fifteen years. Notably, the increases in the UHII and reductions in the wind speed were the highest during the night-time and early morning. conversely, the intensity of solar radiation reduced while the intensity of urban cool island （UcII） increased during solar noon-time. Results demonstrated strong negative correlation between the UHII and wind speed （coefficient of determination, R^2 = 0.8） but no negative correlation between UcII and solar radiation attenuation. A possible negative correlation between UHII and cloud cover was investigated but could not be substantiated.

关键词： urban heat island urban cool island wind speed cloud cover

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Numerical study on the ozone formation inside street canyons using a chemistry box model

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第7期20卷 832-837页

作者： chun-Ho Liu dennis Y.c.Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong.

Tropospheric ozone is a secondary air pollutant produced in the presence of nitrogen oxides (NO_x),volatile organic compounds (VOcs),and solar *** an urban environment,ground-level vehicular exhaust is the major anthropogenic source of ozone *** the cases of street canyons,pollutant dilution is weakened by the surrounding buildings that creates localized high concentration of NO_x and VOcs,and thus leads to high potential of ozone *** considering the major physical and chemical p...

关键词： volatile organic compounds VOcs-to-NO_x ratio air quality vehicular emission chemistry box model

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Effects of building aspect ratio,diurnal heating scenario,and wind speed on reactive pollutant dispersion in urban street canyons

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第12期24卷 2091-2103页

作者： Nelson Y.O.Tong dennis Y.c.Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

A photochemistry coupled computational fluid dynamics （cFD） based numerical model has been developed to model the reactive pollutant dispersion within urban street canyons, particularly integrating the interrelationship among diurnal heating scenario （solar radiation affections in nighttime, daytime, and sun-rise/set）, wind speed, building aspect ratio （building-height-to-street-width）, and dispersion of reactive gases, specifically nitric oxide （NO）, nitrogen dioxide （NO2） and ozone （O3） such that a higher standard of air quality in metropolitan cities can be achieved. Validation has been done with both experimental and numerical results on flow and temperature fields in a street canyon with bottom heating, which justifies the accuracy of the current model. The model was applied to idealized street canyons of different aspect ratios from 0.5 to 8 with two different ambient wind speeds under different diurnal heating scenarios to estimate the influences of different aforementioned parameters on the chemical evolution of NO, NO2 and 03. Detailed analyses of vertical profiles of pollutant concentrations showed that different diurnal heating scenarios could substantially affect the reactive gases exchange between the street canyon and air aloft, followed by respective dispersion and reaction. Higher building aspect ratio and stronger ambient wind speed were revealed to be, in general, responsible for enhanced entrainment of 03 concentrations into the street canyons along windward walls under all diurnal heating scenarios. comparatively, particular attention can be paid on the windward wall heating and nighttime uniform surface heating scenarios.

关键词： photochemistry reactive pollutant dispersion building aspect ratio diurnal heating scenario wind speed urban streetcanyon

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A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of Urban Heat Island

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第1期20卷 120-128页

作者： RIZWAN Ahmed Memon dennis Y.c. Leung LIU chunho Department of Mechanical Engineering the University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China.

Urban Heat Island （UHI） is considered as one of the major problems in the 21st century posed to human beings as a result of urbanization and industrialization of human civilization. The large amount of heat generated from urban structures, as they consume and re-radiate solar radiations, and from the anthropogenic heat sources are the main causes of UHI. The two heat sources increase the temperatures of an urban area as compared to its surroundings, which is known as Urban Heat Island Intensity （UHII）. The problem is even worse in cities or metropolises with large population and extensive economic activities. The estimated three billion people living in the urban areas in the world are directly exposed to the problem, which will be increased significantly in the near future. Due to the severity of the problem, vast research effort has been dedicated and a wide range of literature is available for the subject. The literature available in this area includes the latest research approaches, concepts, methodologies, latest investigation tools and mitigation measures. This study was carded out to review and summarize this research area through an investigation of the most important feature of UHI. It was concluded that the heat re-radiated by the urban structures plays the most important role which should be investigated in details to study urban heating especially the UHI. It was also concluded that the future research should be focused on design and planning parameters for reducing the effects of urban heat island and ultimately living in a better environment.

关键词： urban heat island (UHI) urbanization temperature rise mitigation

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Mechanistic study of vacuum UV catalytic oxidation for toluene degradation over ceO_(2) nanorods

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第3期7卷 533-544页

作者： Muyan Wu Yingguang Zhang Haibao Huang dennis Y.c.Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China

The present study specifically investigates vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) catalytic oxidation for toluene degradation over ceO_(2) *** effects of ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation (UV-PcO) and ozone catalytic oxidation (OZcO) were manifested in the results of toluene removal and cOx generation,while the combination of UV-PcO andOZcO (UV-OZcO) did not lead to improvement of *** the processes contribute to ozone decomposition,but no obvious synergetic effects of the different processes can be *** analysis results indicated that more toluene was oxidized into by-products,such as benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde,by UV-OZcO rather than forming *** hydroxyl radical (·OH) and superoxide radical (·O_(2)^(-)) were found in all the processes of the VUV-PcO-OZcO system(combination of VUV photolysis,UV-PcO,OZcO and UV-OZcO processes).In the UV-OZcO process,the formation of hydroxyl radical was promoted,while that of superoxide radical was impeded,resulting in lower mineralization level of *** mechanistic study of toluene degradation over ceO_(2) nanorods in the VUV-PcO-OZcO system revealed that with the formation of·O_(2)^(-)and·OH,toluene is first oxidized to intermediates,followed by further ring–opening reaction and,finally,degradation into cO_(2) and H_(2)***_(2) nanorods function as both ozonation catalyst and photocatalyst,and the redox pair of ce^(3+)and ce^(4+)are interconvertible and can keep a balance.

关键词： toluene catalytic vacuum

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Nitric oxide removal by wastewater bacteria in a biotrickling filter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第3期26卷 555-565页

作者： Hejingying Niu dennis Y c Leung chifat Wong Tong Zhang Mayngor chan Fred c c Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Department of civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong

Nitric oxide （NO） is one of the most important air pollutants in atmosphere mainly emitted from combustion source. A biotriclding filter was designed and operated to remove NO from an air stream using bacteria extracted from the sewage sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant. To obtain the best operation conditions for the biotrickling filter, orthogonal experiments （L9（34）） were designed. Inlet oxygen concentration was found to be the most significant factor of the biotrickling filter and has a significant negative effect on the system. The optimal conditions of the biotrickling filter occurred at a temperature of 40℃, a pH of 8.0 and a chemical oxygen demand of 165 mg/L in the recycled water with no oxygen in the system. The bacteria sample was detected by DNA sequencing technology and showed 93%-98% similarity to Pseudomonas mendocina. Moreover, a full gene sequencing results indicated the bacterium was a brand new strain and named as P. mendocina DLHK. This strain can transfer nitrate to organic nitrogen. The result suggested the assimilation nitrogen process in this system. Through the isotope experimental analysis, two intermediate products （^15NO and ^15N2O） were found. The results indicated the denitrification function and capability of the biotrickling filter in removing NO.

关键词： NO reduction biotrickling filter orthogonal experiment Pseudomonas mendocina isotope labeling

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Low-cost and efficient Mn/ceO_(2) catalyst for photocatalytic VOcs degradation via scalable colloidal solution combustion synthesis method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第21期116卷 169-179页

作者： Yingguang Zhang Muyan Wu Yifei Wang Xiaolong Zhao dennis Y.c.Leung Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518000China

colloidal solution combustion synthesis(cScS)is a simple and easy method for mass-production of crystalline nanomaterials with tunable pore *** this work,mesoporous Mn/ceO_(2) catalysts were fabricated via cScS method coupled with a dip-coating process and used for photocatalytic oxidation(PcO)of *** vacuum ultraviolet(VUV)irradiation,a high toluene removal efficiency of about 92%was achieved with a toluene reaction rate of about 118μmol/g/h in a continuous flow reactor.A possible degradation pathway was proposed based on the analysis of intermediates by Fourier transform infrared photoluminescence spectra(FTIR)and *** temperature-programmed reduction(H_(2)-TPR),Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface areas,photoluminescence spectra(PL)spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were carried out to analyze physical and chemical properties of the *** with Mn_(x)ce_(1-x)O_(2) catalysts synthesized by one step cScS method,Mn/ceO_(2) has a higher photocatalytic activity,which is attributed to the presence of higher contents of ce^(3+),Mn^(2+)and Mn^(3+)*** presence of higher contents of these species plays a key role in the activity enhancement of toluene oxidation and ozone *** method is facile,efficient and scalable,and it may become a promising industrial application technology for catalyst synthesis in the near future.

关键词： Mesoporous ceO_(2) Manganese modification Scalable synthesis Photocatalysis VOcs abatement

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