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2060年中国实现碳中和所面临的挑战:现状与展望

Science Bulletin 2022年第20期67卷 2030-2035,M0003页

作者： Baozhang chen Fahu chen Philippe Ciais Huifang Zhang Honggang lü Tao Wang Frédéric Chevallier Zhu liu Wenping Yuan Wouter Peters School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key laboratory of Resource and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaption Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System ScienceInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101Chin laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Key laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China Key laboratory of Alpine Ecology Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesZhuhai Key Laboratory of Dynamics Urban Climate and EcologySun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai510245China Department of Meteorology and Air Quality Environmental Sciences GroupWageningen UniversityWageningen 6708 PBthe Netherlands Centre for Isotope Research Energy and Sustainability Research Institute GroningenGroningen UniversityGroningen 729700 ABthe Netherlands

China’s high ambitions to reach peak CO_(2) emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 make carbon mitigation an urgent issue with widespread societal *** develop an achievable roadmap and an effective portfolio of climate policies,it is essential that a clear picture of the magnitude and uncertainty of China’s current carbon balance is available,at both national and regional levels.

关键词：碳中和 consequences neutral

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四川盆地二叠系火山岩地震相特征及识别

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天然气工业 2019年第2期39卷 28-36页

作者：陈骁何青林冉崎陈康韩嵩黄天俊吕龑中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院

四川盆地火山岩气藏勘探存在着钻井少、岩性岩相识别困难、储层分布不清、储层地震预测技术尚不配套等问题。为了实现对该盆地火山岩有利岩相的刻画及储层的定性定量预测,基于低频保护开展火山岩目的层地震成像处理,通过建立火山岩顶、... 详细信息

四川盆地火山岩气藏勘探存在着钻井少、岩性岩相识别困难、储层分布不清、储层地震预测技术尚不配套等问题。为了实现对该盆地火山岩有利岩相的刻画及储层的定性定量预测,基于低频保护开展火山岩目的层地震成像处理,通过建立火山岩顶、底界地震反射模式解释刻画火山岩分布范围,在此基础上结合火山岩地震响应特征,建立火山岩地震相模式,进行火山机构识别与有利火山岩相刻画,进而基于相控开展永探1井区火山岩储层波阻抗反演和储层定性定量预测。研究结果表明:①低频保护的地震数据处理方法能够有效改善火山岩内幕与下伏地层成像质量;②二叠系火山岩识别模式为连续强波峰反射或断续中强波峰反射顶界、弱反射底界,可识别出5类地震反射特征和3类地震相模式(喷溢相、溢流相、火山沉积相);③简阳—三台地区大面积分布喷溢相,其中最有利储层发育的近火山口喷溢相沿北东方向呈点状分布,面积为1 500 km^2,次有利储层发育的远火山口喷溢相勘探面积为6 000 km^2;④永探1井区有利储层面积为600 km^2,储层厚度介于10～200 m,主要分布于成都—简阳地区,天然气勘探潜力大。结论认为,所形成的低频保护地震资料处理、火山岩岩性岩相识别与解释、相控波阻抗反演等一系列配套技术适用于该盆地二叠系火山岩储层预测,为该领域的油气勘探提供了技术支撑。

关键词：四川盆地二叠纪火山岩喷溢相低频保护成像处理地震相模式储集层反演地震勘探配套技术

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Fractionated Crystallization Kinetics and Polymorphic Homocrystalline Structure of Poly(_(l)-lactic acid)/Poly(_(D)-lactic acid)Blends:Effect of Blend Ratio

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第6期40卷 567-575页

作者： Wang-Kai Xiang Qing Xie Shan-Shan Xu chen-Xuan Sun cheng-Tao Yu Ying Zheng Peng-Ju Pan State Key laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Quzhou 324000China

Stereocomplex(SC)crystallization has been an effective way to improve the physical performances of stereoregular ***,the competition between homo and SC crystallizations can lead to more complicated crystallization kinetics and polymorphic crystalline structure in stereocomplexable polymers,which influences the physical properties of obtained ***,we select the medium-molecular-weight(MMW)poly(l-lactic acid)/poly(D-lactic acid)(PllA/PDlA)asymmetric blends with different PDlA fractions(f_(D)=0.01-0.5)as the model system and investigate the effects of f_(D) and crystallization temperature(T_(c))on the crystallization kinetics and polymorphic crystalline *** observe the fractionated(i.e.,multistep)crystallization kinetics and the formation of peculiar β-form homocrystals(HCs)in the asymmetric blends under quiescent conditions,which are strongly influenced by both f_(D) and T_(c).Precisely,crystallization of β-form HCs is favorable in the MMW PllA/PDlA blends with high f_(D)(≥0.2)at a low T_(c)(80-100℃).It is proposed that the formation of metastable β-form HCs is attributed to the conformational matching between β-form HCs and SCs,and the stronger constrain effects of precedingly-formed SCs in the early stage of *** effects can also cause the multistep crystallization kinetics of MMW PllA/PDlA asymmetric blends in the heating process.

关键词： Poly(lactic acid) Stereocomplex crystallization Polymorphic structure Crystallization kinetics

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Intellicise Model Transmission for Semantic Communication in Intelligence-Native 6G Networks

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China Communications 2024年第7期21卷 95-112页

作者： Wang Yining Han Shujun Xu Xiaodong Meng Rui liang Haotai Dong chen Zhang Ping State Key laboratory of Network and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Department of Broadband Communication Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518066China

To facilitate emerging applications and demands of edge intelligence(EI)-empowered 6G networks,model-driven semantic communications have been proposed to reduce transmission volume by deploying artificial intelligence(AI)models that provide abilities of semantic extraction and ***,it is not feasible to preload all AI models on resource-constrained ***,in-time model transmission becomes a crucial *** paper proposes an intellicise model transmission architecture to guarantee the reliable transmission of models for semantic *** mathematical relationship between model size and performance is formulated by employing a recognition error function supported with experimental *** consider the characteristics of wireless channels and derive the closed-form expression of model transmission outage probability(MTOP)over the Rayleigh ***,we define the effective model accuracy(EMA)to evaluate the model transmission performance of both communication and *** we propose a joint model selection and resource allocation(JMSRA)algorithm to maximize the average EMA of all *** results demonstrate that the average EMA of the JMSRA algorithm outperforms baseline algorithms by about 22%.

关键词： edge intelligence(EI) model transmission outage probability and accuracy resource allocation semantic communication

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Designing solid-state interfaces on lithium-metal anodes: a review

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第10期62卷 1286-1299页

作者： chen-Zi Zhao Hui Duan Jia-Qi Huang Juan Zhang Qiang Zhang Yu-Guo Guo li-Jun Wan Beijing Key laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China CAS Key laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

li-metal anodes are one of the most promising energy storage systems that can considerably exceed the current technology to meet the ever-increasing demand of power applications. The apparent cycling performances and dendrite challenges of li-metal anodes are highly influenced by the interface layer on the li-metal anode because the intrinsic high reactivity of metallic li results in an inevitable solid-state interface layer between the li-metal and electrolytes. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the interfacial chemistry regarding the interactions between electrolytes and ion migration through dynamic interfaces. The critical factors that affect the interface formation for constructing a stable interface with a low resistance are reviewed. Moreover, we review emerging strategies for rationally designing multiple-structured solid-state electrolytes and their interfaces, including the interfacial properties within hybrid electrolytes and the solid electrolyte/electrode interface. Finally, we present scientific issues and perspectives associated with li-metal anode interfaces toward a practical li-metal battery.

关键词： lithium-metal anode solid-state electrolyte energy chemistry rechargeable lithium-metal batteries solid electrolyte/electrode interface

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laser Ablation and Chemical Oxidation Synergistically Induced Micro/Nano Re-entrant Structures for Super-Oleophobic Surface with Cassie State

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2023年第2期6卷 79-89页

作者： Jiaqi Chao Faze chen lei Xia Zexin Cai Fujun Wang Yanling Tian Dawei Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventry CV47DLUK

Generally,re-entrant structures are a key part of fabricating superoleophobic surfaces,and this structure appears in almost all kinds of published research articles regarding ***,the application of related fabrication methods is usually too complex and costly in real *** this paper,we present a simple method to generate micro-cauliflower structures,which work as re-entrant structures in microcone arrays,to promote the formation of superoleophobic *** heating process after alkali-assisted surface oxidation is the main reason for the appearance of a micro-ball structure,and the oxidation time can influence the size of the *** the best of our knowledge,the influence of the heating process after alkali-assisted surface oxidation on the birth of the micro-ball structure is seldom researched.A low-surface-energy treatment was also analyzed in influencing the size of the re-entrant structure and its relative *** of 5μl of n-decane show contact angles of 155±1°on the as-prepared superoleophobic surface,and air pockets can be clearly seen underneath,indicating a stable Cassie contacting state and a promising application value in the near future.

关键词： Superoleophobic Re-entrant structure Cassie state laser direct writing

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变压器油纸绝缘老化含水率频域法定量评估

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高电压技术 2019年第10期45卷 3221-3230页

作者：张明泽刘骥齐朋帅陈庆国吕佳璐陈昕哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室哈尔滨150080 哈尔滨理工大学电介质工程国家重点实验室培育基地哈尔滨150080 黑龙江电力科学研究院哈尔滨150090

变压器由于老化和受潮等因素使得内部油浸纸板含水率大大升高,文中以变压器等效模型及复合介质介电响应模型为基础,同时结合实验室数据与频温叠加等基本理论,得到了一种变压器内部油浸纸板中含水率的定量计算方法。为验证算法的有效性,... 详细信息

变压器由于老化和受潮等因素使得内部油浸纸板含水率大大升高,文中以变压器等效模型及复合介质介电响应模型为基础,同时结合实验室数据与频温叠加等基本理论,得到了一种变压器内部油浸纸板中含水率的定量计算方法。为验证算法的有效性,设计了常温下测试自然吸潮及加速热老化后等效模型的含水率分析性试验,从试验结果发现,对于自然吸潮模型,应用本文算法计算含水率的结果更接近于滴定值,拟合曲线的优度决定计算结果的准确性;对于老化后的模型, IDAX-300 拟合算法在较宽频率段测试老化后模型含水率时计算结果偏高;通过不同老化条件下油纸绝缘模型与变压器缩比模型进行试验验证,可得应用文中的算法,灵活选取计算频域范围,解决了老化后低分子产物对测试计算结果影响偏大这一问题,含水率的计算结果更接近于真实滴定值。

关键词：油纸绝缘模型含水率介电响应模型老化自然吸潮

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A Facile Strategy to Enhance the Formation of Stereocomplex Crystallites in Poly(l-lactic acid)/Poly(D-lactic acid) Blend with High Molecular Weights

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第7期41卷 1115-1122页

作者： Chan-Na Zhong Ya-Dong liu Juan Tang Wei-Shuo chen Shuang-cheng li Jun Shao Hao-Qing Hou College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering and Nanofiber Engineering Center of Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China Key laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China

Blending of poly(levorotatory-lactic acid) (PllA) and poly(dextrorotatory-lactic acid) (PDlA) produces the stereocomplex crystallites (PlA SC), which present higher melting temperature and mechanical properties than that of neat PllA or PDlA. However, in the PllA/PDlA blends with higher molecular weights, the phase separation occurs and the SC exhibits weak memory after melting, which lead to a small amount of SC together with a large amount of homochiral crystallites (HC) develop during crystallization from the melt. In this study, a small content of graphite oxide was blended with PllA and PDlA to form ternary blends, and it was exciting to find that the formation of SC was enhanced gradually with the content of graphite oxide. The SC exclusively developed when 2 wt% graphite oxide was incorporated into the PllA/PDlA, and the crystallinity with ∼50% was received even during fast cooling from the melt (−50 ℃/min). The acceleration formation of SC was speculated due to the interaction between PlA molecular chains and the hydroxyl groups on the surface of graphite oxide and the obstruction of proliferation of graphite oxide.

关键词： Poly(lactic acid)stereocomplex Graphite oxide Crystallization behavior Melt memory

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Fragment-based discovery of sulfur-containing diarylbenzopyrimidines as novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

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Chinese Chemical letters 2020年第3期31卷 764-768页

作者： Sheng Han Yuan lei Christophe Pannecouque Erik De Clercq Chunlin Zhuang Fener chen Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Department of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433China Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Rega Institute for Medical Research KU LeuvenHerestraat 49B-3000 LeuvenBelgium

Two series of sulfur-containing diarylbenzopyrimidines are designed by the fragment combination of a thioacetamide with our previous disclosed DABP 3 and further *** best compound 6 e with a sulfonyl scaffold displayed EC(50)values of 0.0356μmol/l against WT and 0.0228μmol/l against HIV K103 N mutant *** pronounced,it had a lower cytotoxicity(CC(50)=99.6μmol/l),higher selectivity index(SIWT=2799,SIK103 N=4375)and better calculated logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient(clogP)than the lead compound *** docking and dynamics provided the binding modes of these compounds with reve rse transcriptase,explaining their ***,the new compounds could be candidates for anti-HIV drug discovery.

关键词： HIV-1 NNRTIs DAPY Sulfur-containing DABPs FBDD

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Insight into the mechanisms of trichloronitromethane formation by vacuum ultraviolet: QSAR model and FTICR-MS analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 215-222页

作者： Xiaojun chen Yangtao Wu Weiqiu Zhang lingjun Bu Shumin Zhu Da Sheng Shiqing Zhou John C.Crittenden Key laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency Ministry of EducationDepartment of Water Engineering and ScienceCollege of Civil EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems Georgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia 30332USA

Vacuum ultraviolet(VUV) photolysis is recognized as an environmental-friendly treatment process. Nitrate(NO-3) and natural organic matter(NOM) are widely present in water *** investigated trichloronitromethane(TCNM) formation during chlorination after VUV photolysis, because TCNM is an unregulated highly toxic disinfection byproduct. In this study:(1) we found reactive nitrogen species that is generated under VUV photolysis of NO-3react with organic matter to form nitrogen-containing compounds and subsequently form TCNM during chlorination;(2) we found the mere presence of 0.1 mmol/l NO-3can result in the formation of up to 63.96 μg/l TCNM;(3) we found the changes in pH(6.0-8.0), chloride(1-4 mmol/l), and bicarbonate(1-4 mmol/l) cannot effectively diminish TCNM formation;and,(4) we established the quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR) model,which indicated a linear relationship between TCNM formation and the Hammett constant(σ) of model compounds;and,(5) we characterized TCNM precursors in water matrix after VUV photolysis and found 1161 much more nitrogen-containing compounds with higher aromaticity were generated. Overall, this study indicates more attention should be paid to reducing the formation risk of TCNM when applying VUV photolysis process at scale.

关键词： Vacuum ultraviolet Natural organic matter Hammett constant FTICR-MS Trichloronitromethane

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