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Comparative study of Cambrian lobopods Miraluolishania and Luolishania

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第1期53卷 87-93页

作者： LIU JianNi SHU degan HAN Jian zhang ZhiFei Early Life Institute and the Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The rare fossil Miraluolishania described by Liu et al. from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagersttte in 2004 is regarded as an arthropod sphinx because it bears mosaic features of both lobopods and arthropods. The discovery of this rare transitional form offers direct fossil evidence for exploring the relationship between lobopods and arthropods. However, some scientists consider Miraluolishania to be a junior synonym of Luolishania because the former superficially resembles the latter in general appearance. Considering the significant differences between the two taxa, a thorough comparative study of Miraluolishania and Luolishania leads to the conclusion that there are definitely two different genera. Nevertheless, the "Luolishania" of the Haikou area is indeed "Miraluolishania", whereas Luol-ishania is most likely the typical genus of the Maotianshan area of Chengjiang County.

关键词：寒武纪化石古生物特征

Causes and consequences of the Cambrian explosion

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第6期57卷 930-942页

作者： zhang XingLiang SHU degan State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics and Department of Geology Northwest University Early Life Institute Northwest University

The Cambrian explosion has long been a basic research frontier that concerns many scientific fields. Here we discuss the cause-effect links of the Cambrian explosion on the basis of first appearances of animal phyla in the fossil record, divergence time, environmental changes, Gene Regulatory Networks, and ecological feedbacks. The first appearances of phyla in the fos- sil record are obviously diachronous but relatively abrupt, concentrated in the first three stages of the Cambrian period （541- 514 Ma）. The actual divergence time may be deep or shallow. Since the gene regulatory networks （GRNs） that control the de- velopment of metazoans were in place before the divergence, the establishment of GRNs is necessary but insufficient for the Cambrian explosion. Thus the Cambrian explosion required environmental triggers. Nutrient availability, oxygenation, and change of seawater composition were potential environmental triggers. The nutrient input, e.g., the phosphorus enrichment in the environment, would cause excess primary production, but it is not directly linked with diversity or disparity. Further in- crease of oxygen level and change of seawater composition during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition were probably crucial environmental factors that caused the Cambrian explosion, but more detailed geochemical data are required. Many researchers prefer that the Cambrian explosion is an ecological phenomenon, that is, the unprecedented ecological success of ruetazoans during the Early Cambrian, but ecological effects need diverse and abundant animals. Therefore, the establishment of the eco- logical complexity among animals, and between animals and environments, is a consequence rather than a cause of the Cam- brian explosion. It is no doubt that positive ecological feedbacks could facilitate the increase of biodiversity. In a word, the Cambrian explosion happened when environmental changes crossed critical thresholds, led to the initial formation of the meta- zoan-dor

关键词： Cambrian explosion dGRNs Gondwana environmental changes ecological snowball

New observations of the lobopod-like worm Facivermis from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第3期51卷 358-363页

作者： LIU Jianni HAN Jian SIMONETTAA. M. HU Shixue zhang Zhifei YAO Yang SHU degan Early Life Institute and the Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China Dipartimenoto di Biologia Animale e Genetica 'L.Pardi' Unversita di Firenze via Romana 17 1-50125 Yunnan Geological Institute Kunming 650011 China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Facivermis yunnanicus (Hou & Chen, 1989), from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lager- st?tte, a worm-like fossil with 5 pairs of tentacles and a perceived shrunken end, has been regarded as related to polychaetes, later it has been variously interpreted as lobopods, Pentastoma and lopho- phorates. Newly discovered complete specimens by the ELI field team show that the taxon has, in addition to the 5 pairs of appendages, a pear-shaped trunk end bearing two or three circles of hooks. Accordingly, based on these important morphological characters, reconsideration of its affinities is provided and the taxonomy is remedied herein. Because the five pairs of appendages of Facivermis yunnanicus resemble the appendages of the fore-trunk of lobopod Mi- raluolishania (Liu & Shu, 2004), it seems that they are homologous structures. Therefore, the affinities of Facivermis are regarded here as being close to the lobopods, in addition, the lobe-like appendages of Facivermis are very crucial to exploring the origin of the appendages of lobopods and arthropods.

关键词：动物化石叶状假足俯肢起源早寒武纪

A New Platy-armored Worm from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte,South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 1-6页

作者： HAN Jian, zhang Xingliang, zhang Zhifei and SHU degan Early Life Institute and Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710069, NW Univ Xian Early Life Inst Xian 710069 Shaanxi Peoples R China NW Univ Xian Dept Geol Xian 710069 Shaanxi Peoples R China

The Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstatte provides a good window to explorethe origin and radiation of early bilaterians. Here we describe a netted sclerite-bearing wormTabelliscolex hexagonus gen. et sp. nov., and tentatively assign it to palaeoscolecidans ofpriapulids. The cuticle of the animal is covered with two kinds of platy sclerites which areconstructed by hexagonally arranged tubercles Similar structures of the sclerites can be seen onsome Cambrian palaeoscolecidans and lobopods, so, this new species is critical for understanding therelationships between lobopods and palaeoscolecidans.

关键词： Chengjiang Lagerstatte Cambrian Priapulida sclerites China

Dawn of complex animal food webs:A new predatory anthozoan(Cnidaria)from Cambrian

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The Innovation 2022年第1期3卷 83-90页

作者： Qiang Ou degan Shu Zhifei zhang Jian Han Heyo Van Iten Meirong Cheng Jie Sun Xiaoyong Yao Rong Wang Georg Mayer Early Life Evolution Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental GeologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of Zoology University of KasselKassel 34132Germany Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environment State Key Laboratory of Continental DynamicsDepartment of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Department of Geology Hanover CollegeHanoverIN 47243USA Cincinnati Museum Center Department of Invertebrate Paleontology1301 Western AvenueCincinnatiOH 45203USA School of Earth Science and Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China

Cnidarians diverged very early in animal evolution;therefore,investigations of the morphology and trophic levels of early fossil cnidarians may provide critical insights into the evolution of metazoans and the origin of modern marine food ***,there has been a lack of unambiguous anthozoan cnidarians from Ediacaran assemblages,and undoubted anthozoans from the Cambrian radiation of metazoans are very rare and lacking in ecological ***,we report a new polypoid cnidarian,Nailiana elegans *** ***.,represented by multiple solitary specimens from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota(-520 Ma)of South *** specimens show eight unbranched tentacles surrounding a single opening into the gastric cavity,which may have born multiple ***,*** displays a level of organization similar to that of extant *** analyses place *** in the stem lineage of Anthozoa and suggest that the ancestral anthozoan was a soft-bodied,solitary polyp showing octoradial ***,one specimen of the new polyp preserves evidence of predation on an epifaunal lingulid *** case provides the oldest direct evidence of macrophagous predation,the advent of which may have triggered the emergence of complex trophic/ecological relationships in Cambrian marine communities and spurred the explosive radiation of animal body plans.

关键词： China Cambrian solitary

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绿盲蝽越冬卵的耐寒能力

生态学报 2012年第5期32卷 1553-1561页

作者：卓德干李照会门兴元于毅张安盛李丽莉张思聪山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所济南250100 山东农业大学植物保护学院泰安271018

近年来,随着转基因棉花的大面积推广,绿盲蝽成为了我国棉花和果树生产的重要害虫。为了阐明绿盲蝽越冬生态适应性,研究了绿盲蝽卵在越冬过程中的耐寒力变化,测定了卵内生化物质的含量,结果表明:绿盲蝽越冬卵低温存活力呈现出明显的月份... 详细信息

近年来,随着转基因棉花的大面积推广,绿盲蝽成为了我国棉花和果树生产的重要害虫。为了阐明绿盲蝽越冬生态适应性,研究了绿盲蝽卵在越冬过程中的耐寒力变化,测定了卵内生化物质的含量,结果表明:绿盲蝽越冬卵低温存活力呈现出明显的月份变化,在-10℃、-20℃处理下,绿盲蝽的越冬卵的半致死时间从大到小的顺序依次为:1月>2月>12月>3月>4月,在-30℃处理下从大到小的顺序依次为:1月>12月>3月>2月>4月。在极端低温(-20℃)下1、2、3、4和5 d后,4月份保护卵死亡率明显低于相同处理下的4月份裸露卵的死亡率,枣枝中的越冬卵死亡率分别为4.32%、5.36%、5.42%、6.79%和7.63%,剥离出来的越冬卵死亡率分别为46.06%、51.84%、54.59%、63.07%和74.41%。人工滞育卵的耐寒性强于正常发育卵的耐寒性,弱于自然越冬过程中滞育卵的耐寒性。冷驯化可以显著提高绿盲蝽越冬卵的低温存活力,在0℃冷驯化20 min后,越冬卵的低温(-20℃、100 h)死亡率显著降低,冷驯化40 min后,低温死亡率趋于平稳,均在37%左右。越冬卵体内物质呈明显的季节性变化,越冬卵越冬期的含水量显著高于越冬后,其中1月份最高(43.98%),4月份达到最低(38.79%)。越冬卵体内总脂肪含量在整个越冬过程中逐渐降低,从12月份的38.24%,降低到4月份的27.08%。蛋白质和糖的含量均是先降低后升高,其中蛋白质从12月份的78.77μg/mg,降低到1月份的59.80μg/mg,然后又逐渐升高至4月份的73.62μg/mg,体内总糖含量由12月份的39.60μg/mg降低至1月份的21.17μg/mg,然后又逐渐升高至4月份的35.10μg/mg。绿盲蝽越冬卵的耐寒力随着月份的变化而变化,在整个越冬期间表现出较强的抗寒性,能够抵御冬季低温,而其越冬场所的保护作用增加了其对于冬季严寒的适应性。

关键词：绿盲蝽耐寒性快速冷驯化含水量蛋白质脂肪糖

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IL-27与T细胞免疫

国际免疫学杂志 2019年第6期42卷 655-661页

作者：鲁德玕鲁嘉萌姬晓青张才擎山东大学附属千佛山医院呼吸与危重症医学科济南250014 吉林医药学院生物医学工程系长春132000 山东省千佛山医院消毒供应中心济南250014

白细胞介素-27(interleukin-27,IL-27)由p28和EB病毒诱导基因3(Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 3,EBB)组成,是IL-6/IL-12细胞因子家族中的成员之一,其受体由gp130和WSX1(也称为T细胞因子受体)组成.IL-27可作用于T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、自然杀伤细胞和非造血细胞等多种细胞类型.目前许多研究发现不同的T细胞亚群对IL-27有不同的应答.IL-27具有促炎和抗炎双重作用,主要通过Janus激酶(Janus kinase,JAK)/信号转导和转录激活剂(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)通路和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK)通路在T细胞不同亚群的免疫调节中发挥重要作用.

关键词：白细胞介素-27 B病毒诱导基因3 p28 T细胞亚群

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长白山区3种天然阔叶林分生长规律研究

林业资源管理 2019年第3期 147-150页

作者：孟得干于浩然刘剑郭佳忱蔡超李杨张骁吉林省林业勘察设计研究院

从吉林省红石林业局森林资源调查小班中筛选出天然柞树纯林、慢阔和中阔等3种林分类型,利用各林分类型的森林资源调查小班数据,对4种符合"S"型生长曲线的林分生长模型进行了构建,并对各林分类型的生长规律进行了研究。结果表明:所拟合... 详细信息

从吉林省红石林业局森林资源调查小班中筛选出天然柞树纯林、慢阔和中阔等3种林分类型,利用各林分类型的森林资源调查小班数据,对4种符合"S"型生长曲线的林分生长模型进行了构建,并对各林分类型的生长规律进行了研究。结果表明:所拟合的各林分生长模型检验精度均大于98%,拟合结果较好。其中柞树纯林和中阔以模型(4)拟合最优,慢阔以模型(2)拟合最优。3种林分中最早达到最大连年生长量和平均生长量的为中阔,其次为慢阔,最晚为柞树纯林,其数量成熟龄,分别为50,56,64a。柞树纯林、慢阔和中阔的林分生长速生期分别为27—70a,24—64a,24—54a。

关键词：林分生长规律生长模型连年生长量平均生长量

GP方案序贯三维适形放疗治疗老年局部晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

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现代肿瘤医学 2013年第8期21卷 1781-1783页

作者：陈宝玉房振羽刘德干张鸣竹徐萍兴化市肿瘤医院肿瘤科江苏兴化225700

目的:观察GP方案化疗序贯三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)治疗Ⅲ期老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及毒副作用。方法:回顾性分析我科2004年1月-2007年2月收治的62例Ⅲ期老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC),分成序贯放化疗组及单纯放疗组患者,序贯放化疗组32例... 详细信息

目的:观察GP方案化疗序贯三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)治疗Ⅲ期老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及毒副作用。方法:回顾性分析我科2004年1月-2007年2月收治的62例Ⅲ期老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC),分成序贯放化疗组及单纯放疗组患者,序贯放化疗组32例,单纯放疗组30例。序贯放化疗组应用吉西他滨1000mg/m2,d1、8,顺铂30mg/m2,d2-4,常规止吐对症处理,21天为1个周期,接受3个周期化疗,化疗结束后3周行全程X线三维适形放疗DT66-70Gy/7周,2Gy/次,5次/周;单纯放疗组放疗方法同序贯放化疗组放疗,治疗完成4周后评价疗效和不良反应。结果:62例均完成治疗,单纯放疗组总有效率(CR+PR)为66.7%,完全缓解率(CR)为10%。单纯放疗组1、3、5年生存率分别为46.7%、13.3%、6.7%。序贯放化疗组总有效率(CR+PR)为81.3%,完全缓解率(CR)为12.5%;序贯放化疗组1、3、5年生存率分别为71.9%、37.5%、12.5%。两组总有效率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组1、3年生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。放化疗的毒副反应主要是放射性肺损伤和放射性食管炎,但皆可耐受。结论:GP方案化疗序贯三维适形放疗治疗Ⅲ期老年非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)可明显提高近期疗效和远期疗效,未增加明显不良作用。

关键词：非小细胞肺癌三维适形放疗序贯治疗疗效