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The Need for a National Guideline for the Management of NsCLC ALK-Positive Lung Cancer in the UK: Results of Patient-Driven surveys

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2022年第7期13卷 476-485页

作者： debra Montague ALK Positive Lung Cancer (UK) Surrey UK

Introduction: There are currently no national guidelines specifically for the management of NsCLC ALK-positive lung cancer in the UK. National guidelines exist for lung cancer in general and reference is made to ALK-positive lung cancer. However, the generic nature of these guidelines is not sufficient for the optimal management of this specific type of lung cancer, with its unique disease management requirements. Method: In 2021, members of the charity ALK POsITIVE LUNG CANCER (UK) completed anonymised surveys to gather real-world data about their treatment. Results: Data were gathered on the prescribing of blood thinners (n = 127);frequency of brain MRI scans (n = 123);prescribing bone strengthening medication (n = 127);frequency of CT scans (n = 123);mental health (n = 132). There was significant variation in each of these five aspects of treatment. Conclusions: The findings, from a representative population of ALK-positive patients, provide new information on the significant disparities in the treatment that patients receive. This health inequality is likely to have a detrimental effect on the survival outcomes for some of these patients. It would improve patient outcomes and overall survival if ALK-positive lung cancer disease management national guidelines were established and utilised across the NHs in the UK. The evidence presented.

关键词： ALK-Positive Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Oncogene-Driven Guidelines

Combating marine corrosion on engineered oxide surface by repelling,blocking and capturing Cl-: A mini review

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Corrosion Communications 2021年第2期2卷 1-7页

作者： Da-Hai Xia Zhenbo Qin shizhe song Digby macdonald Jing-Li Luo school of Materials science and Engineering Tianjin University Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Department of Nuclear Engineering University of California at Berkeley

Cl--induced corrosion is one ineluctable problem we face when metals and alloys are exposed to marine ***,we give a mini review covering the aspects of combating Cl--induced corrosion from the perspective of surface ***,the interaction of Cl-with oxide surface is briefly ***,we highlight some recent strategies for repelling,blocking and capturing Cl-by using surface chemistry control and surface modification via self-assembling at molecular levels.

关键词： Oxide Passive film self-assembling Chloride ion Adsorption

Physical activity and chronic back conditions:A population-based pooled study of 60,134 adults

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Journal of sport and Health science 2019年第4期8卷 386-393页

作者： Hosam Alzahrani debra shirley sonia W.M.Cheng Martin Mackey Emmanuel stamatakis Discipline of Physiotherapy Faculty of Health SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Physiotherapy Department College of Applied Medical ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21974Saudi Arabia Charles Perkins Centre Prevention Research CollaborationSchool of Public HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

Background:Little is known about the association between different types of physical activity(PA)and chronic back conditions(CBCs)at the population *** investigated the association between levels of total and type-specific PA participation and ***'.The sample comprised 60,134 adults aged>16 years who participated in the Health survey for England and scottish Health survey from 1994 to *** logistic regression models,adjusted for potential confbunders,were used to examine the association between total and type-specific PA volume(walking,domestic activity,sport/exercise,cycling,football/rugby,running/jogging,manual work,and housework)and the prevalence of ***'.We found an inverse association between total PA volume and prevalence of *** with inactive participants,the fully adjusted odds ratio(OR)for very active participants(≥15 metabolic equivalent h/week)was 0.77(95%confidence interval(CI):0.69—0.85).Participants reporting≥300 min/week of moderate-intensity activity and≥75 min/week of vigorous-intensity activity had 24%(95%CI:6%—39%)and 21%(95%C1:11%—30%)lower odds of CBCs,*** odds of CBCs were observed for participation in high-level manual domestic activity(OR=1.22;95%CI:1.00-1.48).sport/exercise was associated with CBCs in a less consistent manner(e.g.,OR=1.18(95%CI:1.06—1.32)for low levels and OR=0.82(95%CI:0.72—0.93)for high levels of sport/exercise).Conclusion'.PA volume is inversely associated with the prevalence of CBCs.

关键词： Activity Chronic low back pain Chronic musculoskeletal conditions Epidemiology Exercise

Novel approaches to combat chemoresistance against glioblastomas

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第4期3卷 686-698页

作者： Rheal A.Towner Michelle Zalles debra saunders Nataliya smith Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center Oklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOK 73104USA Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

The poor prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme(GBM)patients is in part due to resistance to current standard-of-care treatments including chemotherapy[predominantly temozolomide(TMZ;Temodar)],radiation therapy and an anti-angiogenic therapy[an antibody against the vascular endothelial growth factor(bevacizumab;Avastin)],resulting in recurrent *** recurrent GBM tumors are commonly resistant to either TMZ,radiation or bevacizumab,which contributes to the low survival rate for GBM *** review will focus on novel targets and therapeutic approaches that are currently being considered to combat GBM *** of these therapeutic options is a small molecule called OKlahoma Nitrone 007(OKN-007),which was discovered to inhibit the transforming growth factor β1 pathway,reduce TMZ-resistance and enhance ***-007 is currently an investigational new drug in clinical trials for both newly-diagnosed and recurrent GBM *** novel target is ELTD1(epidermal growth factor,latrophilin and seven transmembrane domain-containing protein 1;alternatively known as ADGRL4,Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L4),which we used a monoclonal antibody against,where a therapy against it was found to inhibit Notch 1 in a pre-clinical GBM xenograft *** 1 is known to be associated with chemoresistance in *** potential therapeutic targets to combat GBM chemoresistance include the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway,nuclear factor-κB,the hepatocyte/scatter factor(c-MET),the epidermal growth factor receptor,and the tumor microenvironment.

关键词： Glioblastoma pre-clinical models OKlahoma Nitrone 007 transforming growth factor-β1 ELTD1 magnetic resonance imaging

Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared s.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA Mutants Implicate GAUT Genes in the Biosynthesis of Pectin and Xylan in Cell Walls and seed Testa

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 1000-1014页

作者： Kerry H. Caffall sivakumar Pattathil sarah E. Phillips Michael G. Hahn debra Mohnen Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Complex Carbohydrate Research Center BioEnergy Science Center 315 Riverbend Road University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Galacturonosyltransferase 1 （GAUT1） is an α1,4-D-galacturonosyltransferase that transfers galacturonic acid from uridine 5＇-diphosphogalacturonic acid onto the pectic polysaccharide homogalacturonan （sterling et al., 2006）. The 25-member Arabidopsis thaliana GAUT1-related gene family encodes 15 GAUT and 10 GAUT-like （GATL） proteins with, respectively, 56-84 and 42-53% amino acid sequence similarity to GAUT1. Previous phylogenetic analyses of AtGAUTs indicated three clades： A through C. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of the Arabidopsis, poplar and rice GAUT families has sub-classified the GAUTs into seven clades： clade A-1 （GAUTs 1 to 3）; A-2 （GAUT4）; A-3 （GAUTs 5 and 6）; A-4 （GAUT7）; B-1 （GAUTs 8 and 9）; B-2 （GAUTs 10 and 11）; and clade C （GAUTs 12 to 15）. The Arabidopsis GAUTs have a distribution comparable to the poplar orthologs, with the exception of GAUT2, which is absent in poplar. Rice, however, has no orthologs of GAUTs 2 and 12 and has multiple apparent orthologs of GAUTs 1, 4, and 7 compared with eitherArabidopsis or poplar. The cell wall glycosyl residue compositions of 26 homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants for 13 of 15 Arabidopsis GAUTgenes reveal significantly and reproducibly different cell walls in specific tissues of gaut mutants 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 from that of wild-type Arabidopsis walls. Pectin and xylan polysaccharides are affected by the loss of GAUT function, as demonstrated by the altered galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, galactose, and arabinose composition of distinct gaut mutant walls. The wall glycosyl residue compositional phenotypes observed among the gaut mutants suggest that at least six different biosynthetic linkages in pectins and/or xylans are affected by the lesions in these GAUTgenes. Evidence is also presented to support a role for GAUT11 in seed mucilage expansion and in seed wall and mucilage composition.

关键词： Carbohydrate metabolism cell walls Arabidopsis biosynthesis mutant pectin mucilage

Recent Efforts in Conserving 20^(th)-Century Heritage:The Getty Conservation Institute’s Conserving Modern Architecture Initiative

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Built Heritage 2018年第2期2卷 62-75页

作者： susan macdonald sheridan Burke sara Lardinois Chandler McCoy The Getty Conservation Institute Los AngelesUnited States Robert A Moore Pty Ltd Architects and Heritage Consultants SydneyAustralia

Over the last 25 years the conservation of 20^(th)-century heritage has developed into a distinct area of practice, catalysed by the efforts of dedicated international and local interest groups and the forward thinking of a number of government and inter-government organisations who identified, protected and developed approaches to its care. Much has been achieved, but more work is needed to address many of the distinct challenges to conserving the heritage of the 20^(th) century. In 2011, the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) launched its Conserving Modern Architecture Initiative (CMAI), which seeks to respond to the outstanding current challenges and contribute to advancing practice in this emerging area of conservation. It began with a survey of the field to identify where existing efforts could be best supported and enhanced, or where knowledge gaps could be potentially filled. In response the GCI built a comprehensive program to meet these identified needs and five years later, a number of activities and projects are underway. These include a series of publications, a training program, historical and technical research and two field projects at Louis Kahn’s salk Biological Institute (1965) and the house of Ray and Charles Eames (1949), both in California. This paper outlines current GCI efforts, reports on initial outcomes and describes forthcoming activities.

关键词： 20^(th)-century heritage Getty Conservation Institute historic thematic framework salk Biological Institute Eames House conserving modern heritage

Development of an experimental method for well-controlled blast induced traumatic limb fracture in rats

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 168-176页

作者： Luyang Xu Xiancheng Yu Clement DFavier Ibidumo Igah Thuy-Tien Nguyen Warren macdonald Anthony MJ.Bull Centre for Blast Injury studies Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Dyson school of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom

Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated ***,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain *** models are used to study blast-induced HO,but developing such models is challenging,particularly in how to use a pure blast wave(primary blast)to induce limb fracture that then requires an *** studies,including our recent study,have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact ***,these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the *** this study,we developed an improved platform,aiming to improve the animal's survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast *** platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat's *** obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia(location and pattern)in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and ***,the rats did not obviously move during the test,where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled *** further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the *** factors,such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed,significantly affect the resulting *** platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave,which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone,excluding secondary and tertiary blast *** addition,the platform design and the findings presented here,particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal,have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries,such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.

关键词： Blast injury Biomechanics Heterotopic ossification Limb fracture Blast wave Animal model

Chinese nurses’ perceived impact of international educational experiences and cultural beliefs following a 1-year study abroad program: an exploratory study

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Frontiers of Nursing 2020年第1期7卷 23-29页

作者： debra MWolf Hui-Xin Wub Kathleen spadaro Diane FHunker Nursing and Healthcare Informatics Chatham UniversityPittsburghPennsylvania 15232USA school of Nursing Davis&Elkins CollegeElkinsWest Virginia 26241USA school of Nursing Chatham UniversityPittsburghPennsylvania 15232USA

Objectives:To examine the perceived impact of international educational experiences and cultural beliefs before and after completing a 1-year Masters of science in Nursing ***:An exploratory study was conducted among Chinese nurses studying abroad in a private medium-sized university in the United *** 27-item electronic pre-survey was administered within 1 week of starting the program and the post-survey was administered 1 year later at the completion of the ***:Majority of participants(n=25)were female,23–36 years of *** revealed that the perceived impact of international educational experiences assessed at the start of the program was similar to the perceived impact measured at the end of the 1-year program,suggesting that the students learned and experienced what they *** was a significant impact on cultural beliefs from the start of the program compared with the end of the program suggesting that a 1-year study abroad program does influence cultural ***:Understanding what is important to provide in a study abroad program and providing the educational experiences identified by students as impactful are avenues to help host universities best develop their *** suggested that the 1-year program can influence foreign students’cultural beliefs,yet the professional and personal impact of this change warrants further study.

关键词： international Chinese nurses cultural beliefs learning needs educational impact