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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk Paul Zomer deborah Rjkers H.j.van der Fels-Klerx joop j.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(justing legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

Fruit pomacesdtheir nutrient and bioactive components,effects on growth and health of poultry species,and possible optimization techniques

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 357-377页

作者： Taiwo j.Erinle deborah I.Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNS B2N 5E3 Canada

The ever-growing human population,coupled with the exigent need to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat and egg,has put the onus on poultry nutritionists and farmers to identify alternative feed ingredients that could assure the least-cost feed *** addition,the public desire for nonantibiotic-treated poultry products has also necessitated the ultimate search for potent antibiotic alternatives for use in poultry *** some identified alternatives are promising,their cost implications and technical know-how requirements may discourage their ease of adoption in *** use of plants and/or their by-products,like fruit pomaces,present a pocket-friendly advantage and as a result,are gaining much *** is traceable to their rich phytochemical profile,nutritional composition,ready availability,and relatively cheap *** fruit juice and wine pressing industries generate a plethora of fruit wastes ***,fruit pomaces contain appreciable dietary fibre,protein,and phenolic compounds,and thus,their adoption could serve the poultry industry in dual capacities including as substitutes to antibiotics and some conventional ***,there is a possibility to reduce fruit wastes produced and feed-cost in poultry farming from environmental and economical standpoints,*** review seeks to provide reinforcing evidence on the applicability and impact of fruit pomaces in poultry nutrition.

关键词： Fruit pomaces Antioxidant Growth performance Gut health Poultry

Major concerns and issues in burn survivors in Australia

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Burns & Trauma 2014年第2期2卷 84-87页

作者： deborah j Dowda Frank Li Burns Unit Concord Repatriation General Hospital Sydney Australia

Burninjury significantly impacts the victim's long-term quality of life, both physical y and psychosocial y. This prospective, observational study aimed to assess the physical and psychological health status in adult burn survivors in Sydney Australia using the Burns Specific Health Scale-Brief Version (BSHS-B) questionnaire, together with analysis of the baseline demographic data col ected from medical records. A total of 24 adult acute burn victims admitted consecutively to the Burns Unit at Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia between March 2007 and February 2009 fulfil ed the inclusion criteria and participated in the study. The BSHS-B questionnaire (which includes nine domains or subscales) was administered to al 24 participants in person at time of discharge and by mail 6, 12, and 24 months post discharge. By 12 months, 11 participants dropped out and the final analysis was performed on the remaining 13 participants. The analyzed results showed that: 1) Perceived return to work was the only variable that continued to change with time at 12 months after discharge (P jury victims and families, it is essential that therapists be aware of the factors influencing return to work and address these factors through a comprehensive rehabilitation program.

关键词： Burns domains burn specific health scale return to work

Transcriptional regulation of secretory capacity by bZip transcription factors

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第1期10卷 28-51页

作者： Rebecca M. FOX deborah j. ANDREW The Department of Cell Biology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21205 USA

Cells of specialized secretory organs expand their secretory pathways to accommodate the increased protein load necessary for their function. The endoplasmic reticulum （ER）, the Golgi apparatus and the secretory vesicles, expand not only the membrane components but also the protein machinery required for increased protein production and transport. Increased protein load causes an ER stress response akin to the Unfolded Protein Response （UPR）. Recent work has implicated several bZip transcription factors in the regulation of protein components of the early secretory pathway necessary to alleviate this stress. Here, we highlight eight bZip transcription factors in regulating secretory pathway component genes. These include components of the three canonical branches of the UPR-ATF4, XBP1, and ATF6, as well as the five members of the Creb3 family of transcription factors. We review findings from both invertebrate and vertebrate model systems suggesting that all of these proteins increase secretory capacity in response to increased protein load. Finally, we propose that the Creb3 family of factors may have a dual role in secretory cell differentiation by also regulating the pathways necessary for cell cycle exit during terminal differentiation.

关键词： bZip transcription factors endoplasmic reticulum Golgi secretion secretory capacity secretory vesicles

Evidence for the Role Evolutionary Increase Yield in Cotton of Transfer Cells in the in Seed and Fiber Biomass

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Molecular Plant 2010年第6期3卷 1075-1086页

作者： deborah A. Pugh Christina E. Offler Mark j. Talbot Yong-Ling Ruan School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia CSIRO Plant Industry Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

Transfer cells （TCs） are specialized cells exhibiting invaginated wall ingrowths （Wls）, thereby amplifying their plasma membrane surface area （PMSA） and hence the capacity to transport nutrients. However, it remains unknown as to whether TCs play a role in biomass yield increase during evolution or domestication. Here, we examine this issue from a comparative evolutionary perspective. The cultivated tetraploid AD genome species of cotton and its A and D genome diploid progenitors displayed high, medium, and low seed and fiber biomass yield, respectively. In all three species, cells of the innermost layer of the seed coat juxtaposed to the filial tissues trans-differentiated to a TC morphology. Electron microscopic analyses revealed that these TCs are characterized by sequential formation of flange and reticulate Wls during the phase of rapid increase in seed biomass. Significantly, TCs from the tetraploid species developed substantially more flange and reticulate Wls and exhibited a higher degree of reticulate WI formation than their progenitors. Consequently, the estimated PMSA of TCs of the tetraploid species was about 4 and 70 times higher than that of TCs of the A and D genome progenitors, respectively, which correlates positively with seed and fiber biomass yield. Further, TCs with extensive Wls in the tetraploid species had much stronger expression of sucrose synthase, a key enzyme involved in TC Wl formation and function, than those from the A and D progenitors. The analyses provide a set of novel evidence that the development of TC Wls may play an important role in the increase of seed and fiber biomass yield through polyploidization during evolution.

关键词： Callose cell wall cellulose cotton fiber evolution polyploidization seed development sucrose synthase transfer cell.

Effect of organic acids—essential oils blend and oat fiber combination on broiler chicken growth performance, blood parameters, and intestinal health

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1039-1051页

作者： deborah I.Adewole Samson Oladokun Elizabeth Santin Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNSB2N 5E3Canada b JEFO Nutrition Inc.Saint-HyacintheQC J2R 2E7Canada

This study evaluated the effect of organic acids-essential oils blend with or without oat hulls(OH)on growth performance,organ weights,blood parameters,gut morphology,microbiota,and short-chain fatty acids(SC FA)in ***-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 4 dieta ry treatments consisting of 1)a corn-soybean meal-wheat based diet(BAS),2)BAS+0.05%bacitracin methylene disalicylate(BMD),3)BAS+protected organic acids-essential oils at 300 g/1,000 kg of feed(OE),and 4)BAS+protected organic acids-essential oils at 300 g/1,000 kg of feed+3%OH(OEOH),in 8 replicate *** was in starter(d0 to 14),grower(d 14 to 24),and finisher(d 24 to 36)*** weight(BW),feed intake(FI),feed conversion ratio(FCR),and mortality were determined *** d 36,8 chickens per treatment were sampled for blood biochemistry,organ weights,cecal SCFA production,and *** had no effect on FI and FCR at all *** OE and OEOH treatments reduced(Pj ej unal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth *** OEOH and OE treatments increased the number of goblet cells produced in the duodenum and *** had no effecton SCFA *** in the OE treatment recorded the lowest concentration of blood urea(P=0.05)and cholesterol(P<0.05).Both OE and OEOH treatments increased(P<0.05)the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria in the genus Firmicutesunclassified,Ruminococcus,Turicibacter,and Erysipelotrichaceaeunclassified,while reducing(P<0.001)the relative abundance of potentially harmful ***,bo

关键词： Organic acid Essential oil Oat hull Broiler chicken Ceca microbiota

Sclerostin activity plays a key role in the negative effect of glucocorticoid signaling on osteoblast function in mice

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Bone Research 2017年第2期5卷 95-108页

作者： Eric E Beier Tzong-jen Sheu Emily A Resseguie Masahiko Takahata Hani A Awad deborah A Cory-Slechta j Edward Puzas Department of Environmental Medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA and Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA

Stress during prenatal development is correlated with detrimental cognitive and behavioral outcomes in offspring. However, the long-term impact of prenatal stress(PS) and disrupted glucocorticoid signaling on bone mass and strength is not understood. In contrast, the detrimental effect of lead(Pb) on skeletal health is well documented. As stress and Pb act on common biological targets via glucocorticoid signaling pathways and co-occur in the environment, this study first sought to assess the combined effect of stress and Pb on bone quality in association with alterations in glucocorticoid signaling. Bone parameters were evaluated using microCT, histomorphometry, and strength determination in 8-month-old male mouse offspring subjected to PS on gestational days 16 and 17, lifetime Pb exposure(100 p.p.m. Pb in drinking water), or to both. Pb reduced trabecular bone mass and, when combined with PS, Pb unmasked an exaggerated decrement in bone mass and tensile strength. Next, to characterize a mechanism of glucocorticoid effect on bone, prednisolone was implanted subcutaneously(controlled-release pellet, 5 mg·kg^(-1) per day) in 5-month-old mice that decreased osteoblastic activity and increased sclerostin and leptin levels. Furthermore, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone alters the anabolic Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt pathway inhibitor sclerostin has several glucocorticoid response elements, and dexamethasone administration to osteoblastic cells induces sclerostin expression. Dexamethasone treatment of isolated bone marrow cells decreased bone nodule formation, whereas removal of sclerostin protected against this decrement in ***, these findings suggest that bone loss associated with steroid-induced osteoporosis is a consequence of sclerostin-mediated restriction of Wnt signaling, which may mechanistically facilitate glucocorticoid toxicity in bone.

关键词： Sclerostin prenatal negative

用简版烧伤专用健康量表评估影响患者重新工作的因素

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中华烧伤杂志 2010年第6期26卷 416-419页

作者： deborah j Dowda Frank Li 2139 New South Wales State-wide Burn Injury Service Concord Repatriation General HospitalSydneyAustralia

目的评估影响烧伤患者出院后重新工作的因素.方法选择2007年3月1日-2009年2月28日笔者单位收治的18岁以上、烧伤总面积大于或等于10%TBSA的住院患者24例.于患者出院时及出院后3个月与6个月,采用简版烧伤专用健康量表以问卷方式调告有... 详细信息

目的评估影响烧伤患者出院后重新工作的因素.方法选择2007年3月1日-2009年2月28日笔者单位收治的18岁以上、烧伤总面积大于或等于10%TBSA的住院患者24例.于患者出院时及出院后3个月与6个月,采用简版烧伤专用健康量表以问卷方式调告有关其身心健康状况的9项内容：手功能、简单活动能力、热敏感、治疗反感、外貌、性能力、人际关系、情感问题与重新工作能力,进行相关分析.对患者一般情况与重新工作能力进行相关性分析,数据进行配对t检验或皮尔森相关性检验.结果出院后3、6个月分别有19、16例患者寄回合格问卷.患者出院时与出院后3个月相比,有关身心健康状况的各项目得分差异均无统计学意义（t=-4.87～-2.16,P值均大于0.05）;出院后6个月重新工作能力得分较出院时显著增高[（9±5）分与（6±3）分,t=-4.87,P＜0.001].重新工作能力与热敏感、治疗反感、外貌和情感问题均呈明显的正相关（r值分别为0.9256、0.8891、0.7502、0.6022,P值均小于0.05）,与住院时间、烧伤总面积和工伤补偿额度呈负相关（r值分别为-0.7000、-0.6844、-0.8003,P值均小于0.05）.结论烧伤患者重新工作能力与热敏感、治疗反感、外貌、情感问题以及住院时间、烧伤总面积、工伤补偿额度相关,医疗工作者应为患者提供持续教育和必要信息,帮助他们重新工作.

关键词：烧伤康复职业性心理健康量表

Red osier dogwood and its use in animal nutrition:A review

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 64-77页

作者： Taiwo joseph Erinle Martine Boulianne Younes Miar Robert Scales deborah Adewole Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture Faculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruro NSB2N 5E3Canada Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Montreal3200 Sicotte StreetSaint-Hyacinthe QCJ2S 2M2Canada Red Dog Enterprises Ltd. Swan River MBR0L 1Z0Canada

As the human population increases globally,the food animal industry has not been spared from the monumental demand for edible animal products,particularly *** has necessitated the simulta-neous expansion of the productivity of the animal sector to meet the ever-growing human *** antibiotics have been used in food animal production with commendable positive impacts on their growth performance,their sole contributive factor to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance has ushered the strict restrictions placed on their use in the animal *** has handed a setback to both animals and farmers;thus,the intense push for a more sustainable antibiotic alternative for use in animal *** use of plants with concentrated phytogenic compounds has gained much interest due to their beneficial bioactivities,including antioxidant and selective *** the reported beneficial activities of phytogenic additives on animals vary due to their varying total polyphenol concentrations(TPC),red osier dogwood(ROD)plant materials boast of high TPC with excellent antioxidant prowess and growth improvement capacities compared to some plant extracts commonly used in ***,its adoption in research and commercial scale is still ***,the present review aims to provide concise information on the dietary potential of ROD plant materials in animal feeding.

关键词： Red osier dogwood Antibiotic-alternative Polyphenolic compounds Antioxidant Antimicrobial