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Dominant species of mid-elevation grasslands of the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park are predicted to be largely immune to climate change

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山地科学学报(英文) 2023年第9期20卷 2468-2486页

作者： debbie JEWITT Craig D.MORRIS Tim G.O’CONNOR Michelle J.TEDDER Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Scientific ServicesPO Box 13053Cascades 3202South Africa School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgPrivate Bag X3WITS 2050South Africa Agricultural Research Council-Animal Production(ARC-AP) ℅School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville 3209PietermaritzburgSouth Africa

Anticipating global change impact on natural vegetation,especially in poorly researched systems,requires an understanding of the environmental factors that most strongly influence the organisation of plant communities at different *** environmental relations of plant communities in the Drakensberg mountains of South Africa remain poorly *** study investigated the influence of selected environmental determinants on the dominant species of plant community organisation in this *** order to provide an overview of the influence of the environment on botanical composition and plant diversity,this study,conducted as four discrete exercises,investigated the interplay of altitude,aspect and slope on the abundance of selected species,and to examine the influence of latitude,geological substrate and local topography on species *** diversity showed no pattern of response to investigated environmental *** composition was related to temperature and solarradiation *** altitude sites facing east were distinct for non-graminoid *** and latitude exerted a pronounced effect on species composition,confounded by longitude and precipitation *** substrate,in concert with slope steepness and orientation,influenced composition,restricting the abundance but not distribution of some *** individualistic responses were found for C_3,C_4,and non-graminoid species in relation to altitude,slope and *** and aspect mediate the effects of altitude and hence temperature for some *** study has demonstrated the complexity of drivers influencing species and compositional distribution in the Drakensberg and permits a preliminary consideration of potential changes in the composition and dominance structure of mid-elevation grasslands in response to climate *** dominant grass species were widespread across environmental gradients,occupying currently warm,cool,moist and dry habitats

关键词： Drakensberg Environmental gradients Grasslands Mountain biodiversity Vegetation

Facial fillers:Relevant anatomy,injection techniques,and complications

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第3期9卷 227-235页

作者： Nicholas W.Clark debbie R.Pan Dane M.Barrett Duke University Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Objective:The aim of this review article is to discuss the currently available facial fillers,their differences and indications,relevant anatomy,injection techniques,and avoidance and management of *** Sources:Clinical experience and scientific ***:Reversal of facial aging via filler injection has been around since the late 1800s with the initial use of detrimental ***,many safe and effective products exist and can be tailored to the individual patient’’s desired *** the evolution of both products and injection techniques,the rate of complications with facial filler use is ***,providers offering facial filler injections should have detailed knowledge of facial anatomy,including facial planes and soft tissue *** injection techniques *** techniques should be used,depending on the anatomic *** should also know how to avoid and manage complications.

关键词： cosmetic facial filler injection plastic surgery

Plasma angiopoietin 2 as a novel prognostic biomarker in alcohol- related cirrhosis and hepatitis

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Liver Research 2022年第1期6卷 21-29页

作者： Victoria Tatiana Kronsten Josepmaria Argemi Ada Sera Kurt Godhev Mannakat Vijay Jennifer Marie Ryan Ramon Bataller debbie Lindsay Shawcross Institute of Liver Studies Department of Inflammation BiologySchool of Immunology and Microbial SciencesFaculty of Life Sciences and MedicineKing's College LondonUK Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionPittsburgh Liver Research CenterUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Liver Unit.University of Navarra Clinic Hepatology Program.Center for Applied Medical Research(CIMA)Navarra Research InstitutePamplonaSpain Department of Hepatology Royal Free HospitalLondonUK

Background and aim:Severe alcoholic hepatitis(SAH),the most florid form of alcohol-related liver dis-ease(ALD),has a mortality rate of 16%at 28 *** angiopoietin-Tie 2 system regulates angiogenesis and inflammation,both of which are implicated in the pathogenesis of *** study examined plasma and hepatic gene expression of angiopoietin 1(ANG1)and angiopoietin 2(ANG2)in patients with SAH and ALD and investigated their roles as prognostic ***:A case-control study was performed measuring plasma levels of ANG1 and ANG2 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)from 30 patients with SAH(Maddrey's discriminant function32),32 patients with ALD cirrhosis and 15 healthy controls(HC).RNA sequencing for ANG1,ANG2,TIE1(codes for Tie1 receptor)and TEK(codes for Tie2 receptor)gene expression from a separate cohort study of 79 patients was also ***:Plasma levels of ANG1 were lower(P=0.010)and ANG2 were higher(P<0.0001)in patients with ALD/SAH compared to *** ANG2:ANG1 ratio was higher in those with ALD/SAH compared to HC(P<0.0001).ANG2 levels were the highest in patients who developed sepsis(P=0.030)and those dying within 90 days(P=0.020).ANG2 levels correlated positively with model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score(r=0.30,P=0.020),Child-Pugh score(r=0.38,P=0.003),international normalized ratio(r=0.41,P=0.001)and white blood cell count(r=0.28,P=0.040)and inversely correlated with albumin(r=0.26,P=0.040).ANG1 gene expression from liver biopsies was higher in SAH than that in HC(P<0.0001),and greater in severe disease(P<0.0001).ANG2 gene expression trended towards being lower in SAH than that in HC(P=0.070)though was upregulated in severe disease(P=0.0003).Conclusions:Plasma ANG2 is raised in SAH and ALD and could be useful as a prognostic biomarker in this patient population.

关键词： Alcohol-related cirrhosis Alcoholic hepatitis Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD) Angiopoietin 1(ANG1) Angiopoietin 2(ANG2)

CD137 agonist potentiates the abscopal efficacy of nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy for melanoma

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2300-2314页

作者： Preethi Bala Balakrishnan debbie KLedezma Juliana Cano-Mejia Jaclyn Andricovich Erica Palmer Vishal APatel Patricia SLatham Eric SYvon Alejandro Villagra Rohan Fernandes Elizabeth E.Sweeney GW Cancer Center Department of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA The Institute for Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA GW Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Dermatology&Oncology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA ImmunoBlue BethesdaMD 20817USA

Despite the promise of immunotherapy such as the immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 for advanced melanoma,only 26%–52%of patients respond,and many experience grade III/IV immune-related adverse *** by the need for an effective therapy for patients non-responsive to clinically approved ICIs,we have developed a novel nanoimmunotherapy that combines locally administered Prussian blue nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy(PBNP-PTT)with systemically administered agonistic anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody therapy(aCD137).PBNP-PTT was administered at various thermal doses to melanoma cells in vitro,and was combined with aCD137 in vivo to test treatment effects on melanoma tumor progression,animal survival,immunological protection against tumor rechallenge,and *** administered at a melanoma-specific thermal dose,PBNP-PTT elicits immunogenic cell death(ICD)in melanoma cells and upregulates markers associated with antigen presentation and immune cell co-stimulation in ***,PBNP-PTT eliminates primary melanoma tumors in vivo,yielding long-term tumor-free ***,the antitumor immune effects generated by PBNP-PTT cannot eliminate secondary tumors,despite significantly slowing their *** addition of aCD137 enables significant abscopal efficacy and improvement of survival,functioning through activated dendritic cells and tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells,and generates CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell memory that manifests in the rejection of tumor rechallenge,with no long-term *** study describes for the first time a novel and effective nanoimmunotherapy combination of PBNP-PTT with aCD137 mAb therapy for melanoma.

关键词： photothermal therapy Prussian blue nanoparticles anti-CD137 melanoma nanoimmunotherapy

Benign course of residual inflammation at end of treatment of liver transplant recipients after sofosbuvir based therapy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第3期14卷 602-611页

作者： Bahaaeldeen Ismail Karim M Benrajab Pablo Bejarano Phillip Ruiz debbie Sears Andreas Tzakis Xaralambos Bobby Zervos Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKY 40536United States Department of Pathology Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFL 33331United States Department of Pathology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Department of Liver Transplant Cleveland Clinic FloridaWestonFL 33331United States

BACKGROUND Persistent inflammation on histology after successful hepatitis C(HCV)treatment has been ***,data regarding the long-term impact in liver transplant recipients is limited,particularly after using direct-acting antiviral(DAA)*** To evaluate the impact of successful treatment with DAAs on histological changes and occult HCV and to describe the clinical course of residual inflammation in liver transplant *** We conducted a case series of 13 chronic HCV infected liver transplant recipients successfully treated with DAAs between December 2013 and May *** patients were treated for 24 wk and had non-detectable serum HCV RNA by the time of *** patients with at least one liver biopsy at or after treatment were *** examined liver biopsies for evidence of residual inflammation and the presence of intrahepatic HCV *** Persistent inflammation was seen in 12/13 patients on end of treatment *** was still seen in the available five follow-up biopsies(range 38-48 wk after the end of treatment).Intrahepatic HCV RNA was undetectable in all *** patients had preserved graft function for a mean follow-up of 2.5 years,except one that developed chronic *** After successful HCV treatment with DAAs,liver transplant recipients may have persistent inflammation on biopsy without evidence of intracellular *** clinical outcome remained favorable in most *** studies with a larger number and longer follow-up are needed to establish the implication of this finding on long-term graft function.

关键词： Immunosuppression Liver transplantation Recurrent hepatitis C Sustained virologic response Interferon

Recent progress in intermetallic nanocrystals for electrocatalysis:From binary to ternary to high-entropy intermetallics

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SmartMat 2023年第4期4卷 145-177页

作者： Jiawei Liu Carmen Lee Yue Hu Zhishan Liang Rong Ji Xiang Yun debbie Soo Qiang Zhu Qingyu Yan School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore

Developing sustainable and clean energy-conversion techniques is one of the strategies to simultaneously meet the global energy demand,save fossil fuels and protect the environment,in which nanocatalysts with high activity,selectivity and durability are of great *** nanocrystals,featuring their ordered atomic arrangements and predictable electronic structures,have been recognized as a type of active and durable catalysts in energy-related *** this minireview,the very recent progress in the syntheses and electrocatalytic applications of noble metal-based intermetallic nanocrystals is *** synthetic strategies,including the conventional thermal annealing approach and its diverse modifications,as well as the wet-chemical synthesis,for the construction of binary,ternary and high-entropy intermetallic nanocrystals have been discussed with representative examples,highlighting their strengths and ***,their electrocatalytic applications toward oxygen reduction reaction,small molecule oxidation reactions,hydrogen evolution reaction,CO_(2)/CO reduction reactions,and nitrogen reduction reaction are discussed,with the emphasis on how the ordered intermetallic structures contribute to the enhanced *** conclude the minireview by addressing the current challenges and opportunities of intermetallic nanocrystals in terms of syntheses and electrocatalytic applications.

关键词： binary intermetallic electrocatalysis high-entropy intermetallic intermetallic nanocrystals ternary intermetallic

Changing face of hepatic encephalopathy:Role of inflammation and oxidative stress

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第27期16卷 3347-3357页

作者： Amit S Seyan Robin D Hughes debbie L Shawcross Institute of Liver Studies King's College London School of Medicine at King's College HospitalKing's College Hospital

The face of hepatic encephalopathy(HE) is *** review explores how this neurocognitive disorder,which is associated with both acute and chronic liver injury,has grown to become a dynamic syndrome that spans a spectrum of neuropsychological impairment,from normal performance to *** central role of ammonia in the pathogenesis of HE remains ***,over the past 10 years,the HE community has begun to characterise the key roles of inflammation,infection,and oxidative/nitrosative stress in modulating the pathophysiological effects of ammonia on the *** review explores the current thoughts and evidence base in this area and discusses the potential role of existing and novel therapies that might abrogate the oxidative and nitrosative stresses inflicted on the brain in patients with,or at risk of developing,HE.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Ammonia Inflammation Oxidative stress Astrocyte

Demystifying Outsourcing: The Trainer's Guide To Working With Vendors And Consultants

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Okara as a protein supplement affects feed intake and milk composition of ewes and growth performance of lambs

2006年

作者： debbie Friedman

ISBN: (纸本)9780787979416

Demystifying Outsourcing emphasizes the importance of building partnerships with consultants and vendors to achieve results. Training managers who utilize this resource will build their confidence and strengthen their outsourcing capabilities as they navigate complex outsourced *** a comprehensive toolkit, the book takes the reader step by step through an outsourced initiative. Numerous stories bring the challenges of outsourcing to light. Practical tips and tools, and worksheets on the accompanying CD can be tailored easily to any project. Topics include:Current trends and guiding principles in outsourcingA strategic sourcing decision model to help managers make wise choices about what to outsource and what to retainIdentifying and selecting outsourcing partnersThe RFP process and contract negotiationsPositioning consultants and vendors in the organizationDesign, delivery and program evaluation of outsourced initiativesSpecial situations such as dealing with conflict, inheriting a consultant and working with multiple consultants and vendorsdebbie Friedman is Operating Vice President at Federated Department Stores, where she heads up the Federated Leadership Institute, a training function whose mission is to strengthen the leadership capabilities of the top 1,800 executives

关键词： vendors consul working guide outsourcing trainer demystifyingConsulting Industries & Professions Business & Investing

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 171-174页

作者： Laura B.Harthan debbie J.R.Cherney Department of Animal Science Cornell University Department of Dairy Science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburg

Evaluating the feeding value of wet okara as a protein supplement for lactating ewes with twin lambs was the objective. A 4 x 4 Latin square replicated 2 x(4 sheep, 4 treatments, 4 periods per square; 2 squares) was conducted to examine the influence of concentrate mix(okara or not) and type of forage(silage or hay) on ewe milk composition and growth of their lactating lambs. Treatment periods were 14 days(7 days adaptation and 7 days collection). Ewes(55 to 74.8 kg BW) were fed 1 of 4 diets: wheat middling and corn concentrate with mixed grass hay(TSH), okara and corn with mixed grass hay(OSH),soybean and wheat middlings with hay crop silage(TSS), and okara and corn with hay crop silage(OSS).Ewes fed hay diets had lower forage dry matter intakes than ewes fed silage. Intake of okara supplement was higher(P < 0.05) with OSH(3.64 kg/d) than with OSS(1.70 kg/d). There was no difference in supplement intake between TSH and TSS. There were no differences among diets for lamb daily gains or in ewe milk compositions among the diets. Okara is an effective source of protein for lactating ewes and their twin lambs.

关键词： Okara Protein Lactating ewe Suckling lamb