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Transient expression of organophosphorus hydrolase to enhance the degrading activity of tomato fruit on coumaphos

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第2期10卷 142-146页

作者： Jie-hong zhao de-gang zhao MOE Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China

We constructed an expression cassette of the organophosphorus pesticide degrading （opal） gene under the control of the E8 promoter. Then opd was transformed into tomato fruit using an agroinfiltration transient expression system. β-Glucuronidase （GUS） staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）, wavelength scanning, and fluorescent reaction were performed to examine the expression of the opd gene and the hydrolysis activity on coumaphos of organo- phosphorus hydrolase （OPH） in tomato fruit. The results show that the agroinfiltrated tomato fruit-expressed OPH had the maximum hydrolysis activity of about 11.59 Uhng total soluble protein. These results will allow us to focus on breeding transgenic plants that could not only enhance the degrading capability of fruit and but also hold no negative effects on pest control when spraying organophosphorus pesticides onto the seedlings in fields.

关键词： Bioremediation E8 promoter Organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) Transient expression

Syntheses of 10-Hydroxy-5,10-dihydrophenophosphazine 10-Oxide and Its Methyl derivatives

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2003年第1期19卷 32-36页

作者： YIN Zhi gang zhao de feng State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116012P.R.China Chemical Engineering department Zhengzhou Institute of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002P.R.China

Ph 2NH and PCl 3 interacted at a molar ratio of 1∶1 05 and slow elevated temperature and then at 210-220 ℃ for 6 h. The brown solution obtained was treated with H 2O to produce a very hard brown solid believed to be a mixture of 5,10 dihydrophenophosphazine 10 oxide(1a) and 10,10(5H,5H) spirobipenophosphazinium chloride(1b). This brown solid was directly oxidized with peracetic acid in HOAc prior to the separation of them to give compound 10 hydroxy 5,10 dihydropheno phosphazine 10 oxide(2) with a higher yield(45%) than that of the literature(27%). When treated with excess SOCl 2, compound 2 could quantitatively be converted to the corresponding phosphinyl chloride and the latter could further be transformed into 10 methoxy 5,10 dihydrophenophosphazine 10 oxide in 70% as treated with NaOMe in methanol. Compound 2 could also be converted to a bisanion when treated with NaH in DMF. The resulted bisanion reacted with MeI to give 5 methyl 10 hydroxy 5,10 dihydrophenophosphazine 10 oxide in a 73% yield which would be converted to 5 methyl 10 methoxy 5,10 dihydrophenophosphazine 10 oxide in a 56% yield by the same way of synthesizing 10 methoxy 5,10 dihydrophenophosphazine 10 oxide. All these compounds obtained were identified by surveying their melting points, and spectra and elemental analysis.

关键词： Synthesis 5,10-Dihydrophenophosphazine derivative Structure identification

A THEORETIC METHOD TO PREDICT POLYMER SOLUBILITY PARAMETERS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2007年第2期25卷 203-206页

作者： Qing Ji Bao-fu Qiao de-lu zhao State Key Laboratoryof Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

A partition function and a complete thermodynamic description for pure polymer fluids have been investigated based on a self-avoid-walk lattice model. Caused by the introduction of Gibbs distribution into the Flory-Huggins theory, the partition function and the thermodynamic description depicted their dependence on temperature well. In the present study, we applied the theory to calculate polymer solubility parameters. The polymer solubility parameters predicted by our theory are well consistent with the experiment values.

关键词： Polymer Solubility parameters Gibbs distribution.

Preparation of activated carbon from sunflower straw through H_(3)PO_(4) activation and its application for acid fuchsin dye adsorption

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 192-202页

作者： Wen-de zhao Li-ping Chen Yan Jiao College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Inner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010022China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry Hohhot 010022China

With the development circular economy, the use of agricultural waste to prepare biomass materials to remove pollutants has become a research hotspot. In this study, sunflower straw activated carbon (SSAC) was prepared by the one-step activation method, with sunflower straw (SS) used as the raw material and H3PO4 used as the activator. Four types of SSAC were prepared with impregnation ratios (weight of SS to weight of H3PO4) of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:5, corresponding to SSAC1, SSAC2, SSAC3, and SSAC4, respectively. The adsorption process of acid fuchsin (AF) in water using the four types of SSAC was studied. The results showed that the impregnation ratio significantly affected the structure of the materials. The increase in the impregnation ratio increased the specific surface area and pore volume of SSAC and improved the adsorption capacity of AF. However, an impregnation ratio that was too large led to a decrease in specific surface area. SSAC3, with an impregnation ratio of 1:3, had the largest specific surface area (1 794.01 m2/g), and SSAC4, with an impregnation ratio of 1:5, exhibited the smallest microporosity (0.052 7 cm3/g) and the largest pore volume (2.549 cm3/g). The adsorption kinetics of AF using the four types of SSAC agreed with the quasi-second-order adsorption kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm model was suitable to describe SSAC3 and SSAC4, and the Freundlich isotherm model was appropriate to describe SSAC1 and SSAC2. The result of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. At 303 K, SSAC4 showed a removal rate of 97.73% for 200-mg/L AF with a maximum adsorption capacity of 2 763.36 mg/g, the highest among the four types of SSAC. This study showed that SAAC prepared by the H3PO4-based one-step activation method is a green and efficient carbon material and has significant application potential for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater.

关键词： Acid fuchsin Activated carbon Adsorption Sunflower straw Phosphoric acid activation Impregnation ratio

Synthesis, Characterization of Mesoporous Al-Mg Composite Oxide and Catalytic Performance for Oxyethylation of Fatty Alcohol

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2005年第5期21卷 601-605页

作者： SONG Wei-ming deNG Qi-gang ZHOU de-rui zhao de-feng State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116012 P. R. China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qiqihar University Qiqihar 161006 P. R. China College of Science Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 P. R. China

A mesoporous Al-Mg composite oxide with a hexagonal structure was synthesized with aluminium nitrate and magnesium nitrate as the reagents and sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） as the template in the presence of ethylenediamine. The XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption and TEM studies indicate that the composite has a hexagonal framework structure and an average pore diameter of 2. 6 nm. The TG/DTA spectra indicate that the decomposition and the removal of the occluded surfactant of the sample take place in a range of 230-550 ℃. The mesoporous Al-Mg composite oxide exhibites a highly catalytic activity for the oxyethylation of fatty alcohols. Narrow-range distributed ethoxylates are formed in the presence of the mesoporous Al-Mg composite oxide catalyst. The distribution selectivity coefficient（Cx） is 24 when the mesoporous Al-Mg composite oxide was used as a catalyst for the oxyethylation of octanol and the average adduct degree of ethoxylates is 6. 4.

关键词： Mesoporous Al-Mg composites oxide Characterization Oxyethylation Narrow-range distribution

Regional warming induced by urban surface expansion in Shanghai

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2018年第3期11卷 228-235页

作者： zhao de-Ming WU Jian CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University

To detect the impacts of urban surface expansion on surface air temperature at 2-m（SAT） in Shanghai, China, nested numerical integrations based on satellite-derived urban data between the 1980 s and 2010 s were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting（WRF） model. Urban surface expansion induced an annual-averaged warming of 0.31 °C from 1980 to 2016 across the whole of Shanghai, showing the greatest intensity between 2010 and 2016. The values were 0.36, 0.78, and 0.75 °C over grids that were classified as urban in both time periods（U2 U）, landuse grids that changed from non-urban to urban（N2 U）, and urban areas（including U2 U and N2 U）, respectively, and revealed weak warming over the inner-ring areas because the urban surfaces had been there since the 1980 s, whereas warming areas were coincident with the outward expansion of the urban surface. Meanwhile, marked seasonal variations could be detected, which were greater in spring and summer but less in autumn and winter. The approximately homogenously distributed SAT maximum（weaker） and heterogeneously SAT minimum（stronger） contributed to the decreased diurnal temperature range. Regional warming induced by urban surface expansion was approximately 0.12 °C per decade, which accounted for 19% of the overall warming across the whole of Shanghai. The values were 0.11 °C per decade and 0.39 °C per decade over U2 U and N2 U, which accounted for approximately 17% and 42% of the overall warming, respectively, and resulted in approximately 41% of the overall warming over urban areas.

关键词： Urban surface expansion surface air temperature regional warming nestedintegration warming trend

Evaluating the contributions of urban surface expansion to regional warming in Shanghai using different methods to calculate the daily mean temperature

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2018年第6期11卷 518-525页

作者： zhao de-Ming WU Jian CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University

The contributions of urban surface expansion to regional warming over subregions of Shanghai and Shanghai as a whole using different methods to calculate the daily mean surface temperature(SAT),including the averages of four daily time-records(0000,0600,1200,and 1800 UTC;T4),eight daily time-records(0000,0300,0600,0900,1200,1500,1800,and 2100 UTC;T8),and the averages of the SAT maximum(Tmax)and minimum(Tmin),Txn,were compared based on simulated results using nested numerical intergrations with the Weather Research and Forecasting regional climate model,where only the satellite-retrieved urban surface distributions differed between two numerical *** contributions from urban-related warming expressed similar intensities when using T8 and Txn,while the smallest values occurred when using T4 over different subregions of Shanghai(with the exception of areas that were defined as urban for both time periods(U2U))and Shanghai as a *** values for the changing trends could be detected over different subregions when no urban surface expansion(EX1)was detected for both T4 and *** corresponding values increased under urban surface expansion(EX2)and varied over different subregions,revealing much stronger intensities over urban-surface expansion areas;the weakest intensities occurred over U2U *** increasing trends for EX2 and relative contributions when using T4 were smaller than those when using Txn,with the exception of those over U2U areas,which could be explained by the changing trends in Tmax and Tmin due to urban surface expansion,especially during intense urban expansion periods.

关键词： Urban surface expansion urban-related warming surface air temperature maximum minimum

Evaluating the impacts of land use and land cover changes on surface air temperature using the WRF-mosaic approach

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2018年第3期11卷 262-269页

作者： zhao de-Ming WU Jian CAs Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University

Satellite-derived land surface data in 1980 and 2010 were used to represent land use and land cover（LULC） changes caused by the rapid economic development and human activities that have occurred over the past few decades in East Asia and China. The effects of LULC changes on the radiation budget and 2-m surface air temperature（SAT） were explored for the period using the Weather Research and Forecasting（WRF） model. The mosaic approach, which considers the N-most abundant land use types within a model grid cell（here, N = 3） and precisely describes the subgridscale LULC changes, was adopted in the integrations. The impacts of LULC changes based on two 36-year integrations showed that SAT generally decreased, with the sole exception being over eastern China, resulting in decreased SAT in China（-0.062 °C） and East Asian land areas（EAL,-0.061 °C）. The LULC changes induced changes in albedo, which influenced the radiation budget. The radiative forcings at the top of the atmosphere were-0.56 W m-2 across the whole of China, and-0.50 W m-2 over EAL. Meanwhile, the altered roughness length mainly influenced near-surface wind speeds, large-scale and upward moisture fluxes, latent heat fluxes, and cloud fractions at different altitudes. Though the impacts caused by the LULC changes were generally smaller at regional scales, the values at local scales were much stronger.

关键词： Land use and land cover change surface airtemperature albedo radiation budget numerical simulation

Performance of Regional Integrated Environment Modeling System (RIEMS) in the Simulation of Surface Air Temperature over East Asia

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第2期5卷 145-150页

作者： zhao de-Ming Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100029 China

Regional climate models (RCMs) have the potential for more detailed surface characteristic and mesoscale modeling results than general circulation models (GCMs).These advantages have drawn significant focus on RCM development in East *** Regional Integrated Environment Modeling System,version 2.0 (RIEMS2.0),has been developed from an earlier RCM,RIEMS1.0,by the Key Laboratory of Regional ClimateEnvironment for Temperate East Asia (RCE-TEA) and Nanjing University.A numerical experiment covering 1979 to 2008 (simulation duration from 1 January 1978 to 31 december 2008) with a 50-km spatial resolution was performed to test the ability of RIEMS2.0 to simulate long-term climate and climate changes in East Asia and to provide a basis for further development and *** simulated surface air temperature (SAT) was compared with observed meteorological *** results show that RIEMS2.0 simulation reproduced the SAT spatial distribution in East Asia but that it was *** simulated 30-year averaged SAT was approximately 2.0°C lower than the observed *** annual and interannual variations in the averaged SAT and their anomalies were both well reproduced in the model.A further analysis of three sub-regions representing different longitudinal ranges showed that there is a good correlation and consistency between the simulated results and the observed *** annual variations,interannual variations for the averaged SAT,and the anomalies in the three sub-regions were also captured well by the *** summary,RIEMS2.0 shows stability and does well both in simulating the long-term SAT in East Asia and in expressing sub-regional characteristics.

关键词： RIEMS2.0 surface air temperature climate simulation ability