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Immune mechanisms and immuno -therapy in sepsis:where do we stand ?

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中国病理生理杂志 2001年第11期17卷 1100-1101页

作者： Mohammed M.Sayeed AM phd FCCM Professor of Surgery and Physiology Director of Trauma/Critical Care R esearch Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood IllinoisUSA

Sepsis and septic shock have continued to produce significant morbidity and mortality, in recent times, in acutely injured patients as well as patients in the intensive care units despite advances in antibiotic therapy and in the cardi ovascular and pulmonary support for these patients. This emphasizes the need to gain a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of the pathogenesis of sepsis syndrome in the critically ill or injured patients. The present knowled ge of the mechanisms of septic pathogenesis clearly indicates involvement of mod ulations in the functions of the cells of body's immune defense system, namely, monocytes/macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and lymphocytes. Most of su ch knowledge has been derived from laboratory experiments in animal models of se ptic injury, or from studies of immune-system cells, in vitro. Clinical stud ies have also supported the role of immune perturbations. Yet, to date, very few the rapeutic approaches are available to effectively counter the sepsis-related immu ne disturbances. Functional modulations in the immune system cells, in the injured/septic hos ts, can exert not only adaptive/beneficial effects but also profoundly adverse effects on the non-immune-system cells such as endothelial, epithelial, neurona l, endocrine, neuro-endocrine, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscl e cells. The primary functional modulation in the immune-system cells after inju ry or with critical illness is activation of such cells via molecules from pat hogens, for example, lipopolysaccharide from gram negative organisms, lipoteic hoic acid/peptidoglycan from gram positive organisms, or zymosan from fungi. Suc h pathogenic molecules activate monocytes and tissue macrophages to result in th e expression and release of cytokine mediators (TNFα, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL- 10), as well as certain lipid mediators (PGE2, LTB4, PAF). While these media tors could play a host-defense role in support of the host via con

关键词：脓毒症免疫机制免疫治疗

Diffraction of plane SV waves by a cavity in poroelastic half-space

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第1期8卷 29-46页

作者： Liang Jianwen and Liu Zhongxian Department of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China Professor phd Candidate Department of Civil Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China

This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic *** Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verification of the accuracy is performed by：（1） checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, （2） comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with well- known solutions, and （3） examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.

关键词： poroelastic half-space cavity diffraction plane SV waves compressive wave source shear wave source Green's function pore pressure

A new framework for evaluating along-wind responses of a transmission tower

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第1期8卷 87-93页

作者： Liu Guohuan and Li Hongnan School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China phd Professor School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China

In this paper, an analytical framework to evaluate the along-wind-induced dynamic responses of a transmission tower is presented. Two analytical models and a new method are developed：（1） a higher mode generalized force spectrum （GFS） model of the transmission tower is deduced; （2） an analytical model that includes the contributions of the higher modes is further derived as a rational algebraic formula to estimate the structural displacement response; and （3） a new approach, applying load with displacement （ALD） instead of force, to solve the internal force of transmission tower is given. Unlike conventional methods, the ALD method can avoid calculating equivalent static wind loads （ESWLs）. Finally, a transmission tower structure is used as a numerical example to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the ALD method.

关键词： along-wind-induced dynamic responses transmission tower generalized force spectrum equivalent static wind loads

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用复合树月旨重建天然的前牙切端

中国口腔医学继续教育杂志 2008年第2期11卷 41-44页

作者： E.B.Franco, dds, MsC, phd C.E.Francischone, dds, MsC phd J.R.Medina-Valdivia, dds, MSc W.Baseggio, dds, MSc 闫昕（译）吴霞（译）刘洪臣（审）王成龙（审）不详解放军总医院口腔科北京复兴路28号100853

前牙需要修复的患者希望修复后的前牙与组成微笑的其他牙齿一样美观。因此，临床医生不仅要具有恢复牙齿生物学及功能的专业技术，还需要具有能够指导他们重现牙齿颜色及解剖的细微特征的审美观，使人们感觉不到修复体的存在。我们介绍... 详细信息

前牙需要修复的患者希望修复后的前牙与组成微笑的其他牙齿一样美观。因此，临床医生不仅要具有恢复牙齿生物学及功能的专业技术，还需要具有能够指导他们重现牙齿颜色及解剖的细微特征的审美观，使人们感觉不到修复体的存在。我们介绍了具有更好机械性能及光学特性的新型复合树脂，因对牙齿组织光学特性更深的理解，能使复合树脂直接粘结修复达到更加美观的效果。利用加入与牙体晶格一致的复合树脂的方法和作用，在适当的部位正确使用一定厚度的复合树脂，能够体现出色度的变化．从而使修复体表现出正常的光学特性。本文通过一病例描述复合树脂选择及选色的方法，同时介绍的复合树脂临床操作顺序可以在前牙切端修复体处重建天然牙的光泽。利用这项技术，可使树脂修复达到可预计的满意修复美学效果。

关键词：色调不透明乳白色光晕切端修复复合树脂色度选色半透明

08年主流手持GPS导航方案成本构成之大比拼

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音响改装技术 2007年第11期 56-57页

作者： msd Ella

2007年的手持GPS导航仪市场在价格急坠中度过,仿佛无止境……为了能让大家清晰了解手持GPS导航仪的硬件成本构成,特撰写此文,供各位参考。手持GPS导航仪的硬件架构类似个人电脑(PC)。决定手持GPS导航仪硬件方案成本的大致包括4个部分:CP... 详细信息

2007年的手持GPS导航仪市场在价格急坠中度过,仿佛无止境……为了能让大家清晰了解手持GPS导航仪的硬件成本构成,特撰写此文,供各位参考。手持GPS导航仪的硬件架构类似个人电脑(PC)。决定手持GPS导航仪硬件方案成本的大致包括4个部分:CPU、内存、GPS芯片(模组)、存储系统,其他部分各方案都无差异。下表是经过调整的4个部分参考价格。

关键词：方案成本导航仪大容量导航软件美元手持数据存储主流商业模式价格

BIOSTATISTICAL PROFILES OF INDIVIDUALS SEEKING ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT IN THE UNITED STATES

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1985年第11期98卷 835-840页

作者： HC Dung phd Department of Cellular and Structural Biology The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio

This is a record of biostatistical data collected during the years 1981-84 at a clinic in the United States, from patients who came to seek acupuncture treatment. The records consist of patient referral, age, sex, main problem, and clinical diagnosis. The information obtained from such records may be of interest to other acupuncture practitioners. It is also hoped that this report will provide useful data in comparing the profiles of those patients in the East and West who seek acupuncture treatment.

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专车专用影音产品的山寨化成因分析暨公模市场分析报告

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音响改装技术 2010年第2期 58-61页

作者： msd Jack

本期行业观察新增“观点”栏目，旨在增加与厂家、方案公司、渠道及4S店的互动沟通，对于行业热点话题，约请有见地、有想法的老板、专家以文章的形式深入发表个人观点。这样的文章难免有争议，甚至偏颇，但是只要言之有物，能自圆其说... 详细信息

本期行业观察新增“观点”栏目，旨在增加与厂家、方案公司、渠道及4S店的互动沟通，对于行业热点话题，约请有见地、有想法的老板、专家以文章的形式深入发表个人观点。这样的文章难免有争议，甚至偏颇，但是只要言之有物，能自圆其说，本刊都将予以刊登，欢迎来稿。

关键词：市场分析报告成因分析影音产品 4S店行业

血液稀释引起的高血容量会损害动态脑血流自主调控能力

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第6期4卷 79-87页

作者： Yojiro Ogawa, dds, phd Ken-ichi Iwasaki, MD, phd Ken Aoki, phd Shigeki Shibata, MD, phd Jitsu Kato, MD, phd Setsuro Ogawa, MD, phd 唐亮(译) 李士通(校) Departments of Hygiene and Space Medicineand Anesthesiology Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan 不详

背景手术期间频繁改变血容量会影响脑血流的自主调控功能，主要是通过改变交感神经活性、心输出量、血液粘度和脑血管张力来实现的。然而对于在急性的大幅度血容量变化中的动态脑血流自主调控效应还没有人进行过研究，特别是由于血液稀... 详细信息

背景手术期间频繁改变血容量会影响脑血流的自主调控功能，主要是通过改变交感神经活性、心输出量、血液粘度和脑血管张力来实现的。然而对于在急性的大幅度血容量变化中的动态脑血流自主调控效应还没有人进行过研究，特别是由于血液稀释引起的中心高血容量。方法我们用频谱及转换函数方法分析12例个体在血液稀释、中心低血容量和高血容量时的平均动脉压（MBP）和脑血流（CBF）流速变异性的变化，从而评估他们的动态脑血流自主调控能力。通过不同水平的下肢负压（-15和-30mmHg）和输注不同量的生理盐水（15ml／kg和30ml／kg）来实现中心血容量的快速改变。然后我们用阻抗心动图法测出中心静脉压（CVP）和（或）心输出量，据此评估中心血容量的变化。结果下肢负压为-30mmHg时稳态CBF流速和心输出量下降（CVP变化接近-4mmHg），上述指标在每种生理盐水输注时都增加（CVP变化在4-6mmHg），MBP没有显著性变化。然而MBP和CBF流速变异性的转换函数增益（转换强度）只有在输注生理盐水之后才有显著性增加，提示在血液稀释引起的中心高血容量是由MBP的波动导致CBF起伏的转换强度增加。结论我们的研究提示，虽然稳态CBF流速在中心低血容量与高血容量时都发生改变，但是只有血液稀释引起的中心高血容量才会损害动态脑血流的自主调控能力。

关键词：高血容量血液稀释脑血流调控能力损害生理盐水交感神经活性

A new look at the response surface method for reliability analysis using chaos theory

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2008年第3期7卷 329-335页

作者： Ding Youliang, Li Aiqun and Deng Yang College of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China Lecturer Professor phd Student College of Civil Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China

To overcome excessive computation errors and convergence failures encountered in an iterative calculation of the reliability index using the response surface method （RSM） for some nonlinear limit state functions, this study investigates an essential factor based on chaotic dynamics theory. The bifurcation diagrams of the reliability index are presented for some typical nonlinear limit state functions, and the computation results from the mapping functions due to the RSM iterations show the complicated dynamic phenomena such as the periodic oscillation, as well as bifurcation and chaos. From the numerical examples, it is concluded that the parameter of selection range fplays an important role in the convergence of the RSM iteration, and an improved RSM iterative algorithm is proposed with regard to the incorporation of the iterative sequential function of selection rangef The proposed method is shown to be efficient and to yield accurate results.

关键词： structural reliability response surface method chaotic dynamics convergence failure selection range nonlinearity