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Association between admission haematocrit and mortality among men with acute ischaemic stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第3期3卷 160-168页

作者： Jason J Sico Laura J myers Brenda J Fenton John Concato Linda S Williams dawn m.bravata Neurology Service VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Center for NeuroEpidemiological and Clinical Neurological ResearchYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Internal medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Clinical Epidemiology Research Center(CERC) VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Pain Research InformaticsMultimorbidities and Education(PRIME)Center of InnovationVA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Communication and the HSR&D Stroke Quality Enhancement Research Initiative(QUERI) Richard L Roudebush VA Medical CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA VA Health Services Research and Development(HSR&D) Center for Healthcare InformaticsRichard L Roudebush VA Medical CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology Yale School of Public HealthWest HavenConnecticutUSA medical Service VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Regenstrief Institute IndianapolisIndianaUSA Department of Neurology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Department of Internal medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA

Objective Anaemia is associated with higher mortality among patients with non-stroke cardiovascular conditions;less is known regarding the relationship between anaemia and mortality among patients with acute ischaemic *** medical records were abstracted for n=3965 veterans from 131 Veterans Health Administration facilities who were admitted with ischaemic stroke in fiscal year *** values within 24 hours of admission were classified as≤27%,28%-32%,33%-37%,38%-42%,43%-47% or≥48%.multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between anaemia and in-hospital,30-day,6-month and 1-year mortality,adjusting for age,medical comorbidities,modified Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-III and stroke *** factors were calculated to standardise comparisons between haematocrit tier and other *** Among n=3750 patients included in the analysis,the haematocrit values were≤27%in 2.1%(n=78),28%-32% in 6.2%(n=234),33%-37%in 17.9%(n=670),38%-42% in 36.4%(n=1366),43%-47% in 28.2%(n=1059)and≥48% in 9.1%(n=343).Patients with haematocrit≤27%,compared with patients in the 38%-42% range,were more likely to have died across all follow-up intervals,with statistically significant adjusted ORs(aORs)ranging from 2.5 to *** with polycythaemia(ie,haematocrit≥48%)were at increased risk of in-hospital mortality(aOR=2.9;95%CI 1.4 to 6.0),compared with patients with mid-range admission *** differences between patients receiving and not receiving blood transfusion limited our ability to perform a propensity *** factors in the 1-year mortality model were 0.46(severe anaemia),0.06(cancer)and 0.018(heart disease).Conclusions Anaemia is independently associated with an increased risk of death throughout the first year post stroke;high haematocrit is associated with early poststroke *** anaemia is associated with 1-year mortality to a greater degree than cancer or heart dise

关键词： mortality admitted transfusion

Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade Cyril Duke dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed m. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie moses Otomo Patricks Voua molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (LabmC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Community Health Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phylosophical Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UmRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National Parasitic Diseases Control Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon mIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France mERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the Pan-African mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development Pan-African funding initiatives

Constraints and Opportunities for Detecting Land Surface Phenology in Drylands

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2021年第1期2021卷 332-346页

作者： Shawn D.Taylor dawn m.Browning Ruben A.Baca Feng Gao US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceJornada Experimental RangeNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew Mexico 88003USA Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education(ORISE) Oak RidgeTennessee 37830USA US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceHydrology and Remote Sensing LaboratoryBeltsvilleMaryland 20705USA

Land surface phenology(LSP)enables global-scale tracking of ecosystem processes,but its utility is limited in drylands due to low vegetation cover and resulting low annual amplitudes of vegetation indices(VIs).Due to the importance of drylands for biodiversity,food security,and the carbon cycle,it is necessary to understand the limitations in measuring dryland ***,using simulated data and multitemporal unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery of a desert shrubland,we explore the feasibility of detecting LSP with respect to fractional vegetation cover,plant functional types,VI uncertainty,and two different detection *** simulated data,we found that plants with distinct VI signals,such as deciduous shrubs,can require up to 60%fractional cover to consistently detect *** plants,with lower seasonal VI amplitude,require considerably higher cover and can have undetectable phenology even with 100%vegetation *** evaluation of two algorithms showed that neither performed the best in all *** with adequate cover,biases in phenological metrics can still exceed 20 days and can never be 100%accurate due to VI uncertainty from shadows,sensor view angle,and atmospheric *** showed how high-resolution UAV imagery enables LSP studies in drylands and highlighted important scale effects driven by within-canopy VI *** high-resolution imagery,the open canopies of drylands are beneficial as they allow for straightforward identification of individual plants,enabling the tracking of phenology at the individual *** thus have the potential to become an exemplary environment for future LSP research.

关键词： fractional straight imagery

Effect of Helicobacter pylori cdrA on interleukin-8 secretions and nuclear factor kappa B activation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第5期18卷 425-434页

作者： Hiroaki Takeuchi Ya-Nan Zhang dawn A Israel Richard m Peek Jr mikio Kamioka Hideo Yanai Norihito morimoto Tetsuro Sugiura Department of Clinical Laboratory medicine Kochi Medical School Kohasu Oko-cho Nankoku-city Kochi783-8505 Japan Laboratory Department Beijing Tiantan Hos-pital Affiliated of Capital Medical University Beijing 100050China Department of Internal medicine Kanmon Medical Center 1-1-1 Ushiroda-cho Shimonoseki Yamaguchi 751-8501 Japan

AIm： To investigate genetic diversity of Helicobacter pylori （H. pylorl） cell division-related gene A （cdrA） and its effect on the host ***： Inactivation of H. py/ori cdrA, which is involved in ceil division and morphological elonga- tion, has a role in chronic persistent infections. Ge- netic property of H. pylori cdrA was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in 128 （77 American and 51 Japanese） clinical isolates obtained from 48 and 51 patients, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure in- terleukin-8 （IL-8） secretion with gastric biopsy speci- mens obtained from American patients colonized with cdrA-positive or -negative strains and AGS cells co- cultured with wild-type HPK5 （cdrA-positive） or its de- rivative HPKT510 （cdrA-disruptant）. Furthermore, the cytotoxin-associated gene A （cagA） status （transloca- tion and phosphorylation） and kinetics of transcription factors [nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-~：B） and inhibition kappa B] were investigated in AGS cells co-cultured with HPK5, HPKT510 and its derivative HPKSCA （cagA- disruptant） by western blotting analysis with immuno- precipitation. RESULTS： Genetic diversity of the H. pylori cdrA gene demonstrated that the cdrA status segregated into two categories including four allele types, cdrA-positive （al- lele types, I and 11 ） and cdrA-negative （allele types; 111 and IV） categories, respectively. Almost all Japanese isolates were cdrA-positive （ 1 ： 7.8% and 11 ： 90.2%）, whereas 16.9% of American isolates were cdrA-positive （11） and 83.1% were cdrA-negative （nl： 37.7% and IV： 45.5%）, indicating extended diversity of cdrA in individual American isolates. Comparison of each isolate from different regions （antrum and corpus） in the stomach of 29 Americans revealed that cdrA status was identical in both isolates from different regions in 17 cases. However, 12 cases had a different cdrA al- lele and 6 of them exhibited a different cdrA category between two re

关键词： Helicobacter pylori cell division-relatedgene A Genetic diversity Host immune response Interleukin-8 secretion Nuclear factor kappa .B Persis-tent infection

Historical trends of degradation,loss,and recovery in the tropical forest reserves of Ghana

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 30-51页

作者： michael C.Wimberly Francis K.Dwomoh Izaya Numata Foster mensah Jacob Amoako dawn m.Nekorchuk Andrea mcmahon Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA Department of Geography and Geospatial Sciences South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSDUSA Centre for Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Services University of GhanaAccraGhana The Forestry Commission of Ghana AccraGhana

The Upper Guinean Forest region of West Africa,a globally significant biodiversity hotspot,is among the driest and most human-impacted tropical *** used Landsat to study forest degradation,loss,and recovery in the forest reserves of Ghana from 2003 to *** canopy cover maps were generated using random forests and results were temporally segmented using the LandTrendr *** cover was predicted with a predicted-observed r2 of 0.76,mean absolute error of 12.8%,and mean error of 1.3%.Forest degradation,loss,and recovery were identified as transitions between closed(>60%cover),open(15–60%cover)and low tree cover(m 2003 to 2015,but there was more disturbance than recovery resulting in a gradual decline in closed canopy *** 2016,widespread fires associated with El Niño drought caused forest loss and degradation across more than 12%of the moist semi-deciduous and upland evergreen forest *** workflow was implemented in Google Earth Engine,allowing stakeholders to visualize the results and download *** about historical disturbances will help to prioritize locations for future studies and target forest protection and restoration activities aimed at increasing resilience.

关键词： Landsat random forests machine learning time series LandTrendr drought wildfire

Exertional heat illness risk factors and physiological responses of youth football players

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 91-98页

作者： Susan W.Yeargin John J.Dickinson dawn m.Emerson Jessica Koller Toni m.Torres-mcGehee Zachary Y.Kerr Department of Exercise Science University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Palmetto Health/USC Orthopedic Center Keenan High SchoolColumbiaSC 29203USA Department of Health Sportand Exercise SciencesUniversity of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Surgi-Care Inc. BostonMA 02115USA Department of Exercise and Sport Science University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-8700USA

Objective:To determine which intrinsic and extrinsic exertional heat illness(EHI)risk factors exist in youth American football players and observe perceptual and physiological responses of players during events(games and practices).methods:Cross-sectional cohort study observing 63 youth football players,varying in *** variables were league(weightrestricted(WR,n=27)and age-restricted(AR,n=36))and event *** variables were anthropometrics,work-to-rest ratio,and wet bulb globe *** variables included preparticipation examination and uniform configuration.A subset of 16 players participated in physiological variables(heart rate and gastrointestinal temperature).Data collection occurred on 7 AR and 8 WR nonconsecutive practices and the first 3 games of the ***:mean values for anthropometric variables were higher(pme(χ^2(1,111)=4.232;p=0.039)and rest time(χ^2(1,111)=43.41;pmes,but ratios were significantly higher for practices(χ^2(1,111)=40.62;pmajority of events(77%)observed were in black and red flag wet bulb globe temperature risk categories.A total of 57%of the players had a preparticipation examination,and up to 82%of events observed were in full *** gastrointestinal temperature and heart rate responses ranged widely and no players reached critical ***:Extrinsic(disproportionate work ratios,environmental conditions)and intrinsic(higher body mass index)EHI risk factors exist in youth *** risk factors may be influenced by event and league *** youth football organizations need to create thorough guidelines that address EHI risk factors for local leagues to adopt.

关键词： Adolescents Anthropometrics Core temperature Heat exchange Pediatric Wet bulb globe temperature

An Algorithm for the Stochastic Simulation of Gene Expression and Heterogeneous Population Dynamics

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第1期9卷 89-112页

作者： Daniel A.Charlebois Jukka Intosalmi dawn Fraser mads Kærn Department of Physics University of Ottawa150 Louis PasteurOttawaOntarioK1N 6N5Canada Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa451 Symth RoadOttawaOntarioK1H 8M5Canada Department of mathematics Tampere University of TechnologyP.O.Box 55333101 TampereFinland Department of Signal Processing Tampere University of TechnologyP.O.Box 55333101 TampereFinland Department of Cellular and molecular medicine University of Ottawa451 Symth RoadOttawaOntarioK1H 8M5Canada.

We present an algorithm for the stochastic simulation of gene expression and heterogeneous population *** algorithm combines an exact method to simulate molecular-level fluctuations in single cells and a constant-number monte Carlo method to simulate time-dependent statistical characteristics of growing cell *** benchmark performance,we compare simulation results with steadystate and time-dependent analytical solutions for several scenarios,including steadystate and time-dependent gene expression,and the effects on population heterogeneity of cell growth,division,and DNA *** comparison demonstrates that the algorithm provides an efficient and accurate approach to simulate how complex biological features influence gene *** also use the algorithm to model gene expression dynamics within"bet-hedging"cell populations during their adaption to environmental *** simulations indicate that the algorithm provides a framework suitable for simulating and analyzing realistic models of heterogeneous population dynamics combining molecular-level stochastic reaction kinetics,relevant physiological details and phenotypic variability.

关键词： Constant-number monte Carlo stochastic simulation algorithm gene expression heterogeneous population dynamics

The Voisey's Bay Ni-Cu-Co Sulfide Deposit, Labrador, Canada: Emplacement of Silicate and Sulfide-Laden magmas into Spaces Created within a Structural Corridor

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西北地质 2012年第4期45卷 17-38页

作者： Peter C.Lightfoot dawn Evans-Lamswood Robert Wheeler Vale ExplorationHighway 17 WestSudburyOntarioP0M 1N0Canada Vale Newfoundland and Labrador Limited Bally Rou Place280Torbay RoadSuite W200St.John'sNewfoundlandA1A 3W8Canada

The Voisey's Bay Ni-Cu-Co sulfide deposit is hosted in a 1.34 Ga mafic intrusion that is part of the Nain Plutonic Suite in Labrador, *** Ni-Cu-Co sulfide mineralization is associated with magmatic breccias that are typically contained in weakly mineralized olivine gabbros, troctolites and ferrogabbros, but also occur as veins in adjacent *** mineralization is associated with a dyke-like body which is termed the feeder *** dyke connects the shallow differentiated Eastern Deeps chamber in the east to a deeper intrusion in the west termed the Western Deeps *** the conduit is connected to the Eastern Deeps Intrusion, the Eastern Deeps Deposit is developed at the entry line of the dyke along the steep north wall of the Eastern Deeps *** Eastern Deeps Deposit is surrounded by a halo of moderately to weakly mineralized Variable-Textured Troctolite (VTT) that reaches a maximum thickness above the ENE-WSW axis of the Eastern Deeps Deposit. At depth to the west, the conduit is adjacent to the south side of the Western Deeps Intrusion, where the dyke and intrusion contain disseminated magmatic sulfide *** Reid Brook Zone plunges to the east within the dyke, and both the dyke and adjacent paragneiss are *** Ovoid Deposit comprises a bowl-shaped body of massive sulfide where the dyke widens near to the present-day *** is not clear whether this deposit was developed as a widened-zone within the conduit or at the entry point into a chamber that is now lost to erosion. The massive sulfides and breccia sulfides of the Eastern Deeps are petrologically and chemically different when compared to the disseminated sulfides in the VTT; there is a marked break in Ni tenor (Ni content in 100% sulfide, abbreviated to [Ni]100) and Ni/Co of sulfide between the *** boundary of the sulfide types is often marked by strong sub-horizontal alignment of heavily digested and metamorphosed paragneiss fragments, developm

关键词： Voisey’s Bay Ni-Cu-Co sulfide deposit Labrador Canada

Development of an in vitro protein digestibility assay mimicking the chicken digestive tract

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 401-409页

作者： Dervan D.S.L.Bryan dawn A.Abbott Henry L.Classen Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Saskatchewan

It is difficult to obtain in vivo digestion kinetics data of high protein ingredients using chickens. Collecting kinetics data requires repeated sampling of digesta from the small intestine during the digestion process,which is not easily accomplished due to the anatomical structure of chicken digestive tract. An in vitro technique is proposed for measuring the digestion kinetics of protein sources fed to chickens. The method has a 30 min gastric and 3 h intestinal phase. Five hundred milligram crude protein(CP)equivalent of each meal sample(CP = % N × 6.25) was digested with pepsin(28,260 units) in 50 m L polyethylene centrifuge tubes for 30 min in a shaking water bath(150 strokes/min; 30 mm stroke length)at 41C. The 6.5 mL pancreatin was selected as the enzyme concentration for the intestinal phase, during which time 500 m L aliquots were collected at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 min. Samples were diluted 1:820 with HCl and sodium acetate buffer, and then mixed with ninhydrin reagent(2:1) at100 ± 2C for 15 min and spectrometric readings taken at 568 nm. To validate the assay, 5 replications of soybean meal(SBm), corn gluten meal(CGm), corn distillers dried grains with solubles(CDDGS), porcine meal(PCm), fish meal(Fm) and casein(CA) were digested. The digestion data were modeled with PROC NLIN procedure, and the intra coefficient of variation(CV) assessed using PROC mEANS of SAS 9.4. The digestion values at 180 min were SBm 95 ± 4, Fm 93 ± 3, PCm 68 ± 4, CGm 82 ± 3 and CDDGS 70 ± *** CV for SBm, CGm, CDDGS, PCm and Fm were 5%, 5%, 12%, 10% and 2%, respectively. The estimated fractional digestion rates for SBm, CGm, CDDGS, Fm and PCm were 0.023, 0.013, 0.009, 0.024 and 0.013,respectively. In conclusion, the proposed in vitro technique estimated the rate and extent of the digestion of CP for the meals with low intra CV.

关键词： Protein digestion rate Soybean meal Corn gluten meal Corn distillers dried grains with solubles Fish meal Porcine meal