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Variation in allelic frequencies at loci associated with kernel weight and their effects on kernel weight-related traits in winter wheat

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The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 30-37页

作者： Teng Li Hongwei Liu Chunyan Mai Guangjun Yu Huili Li Lingzhi Meng dawei jian Li Yang Yang Zhou Hongjun Zhang Hongjie Li National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xinxiang Innovation Center for Breeding Technology of Dwarf-Male-Sterile Wheat Zhaoxian Experiment Station Shijiazhuang Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Institute of Agricultural Science The Fourth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

Knowledge of allelic frequencies at loci associated with kernel weight and effects on kernel weight-related traits is crucial for yield improvement in wheat. Kernel weight-related traits were evaluated in 200 Chinese winter wheat cultivars(lines) grown at the Xinxiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang in Henan Province, for three consecutive years from 2014 to 2016. Alleles associated with kernel weight at nine loci, TaCKX6-D1, TaCwi-A1, TaCWI-4A, TaGS1a, TaGS5-A1, TaGS3-3A, TaGW2-6A, TaSus2-2B, and TaTGW6-A1, were determined for all cultivars(lines). ANOVA showed that genotypes, years and their interactions had significant effects on thousand-kernel weight(TKW), kernel length(KL) and kernel width(KW). The overall mean frequencies of alleles conferring high and low TKW at the nine loci were 65.9% and 33.4%, with the ranges of 37.0%–85.0% and 13.5%–63.0% for single loci. The frequencies of high-TKW alleles were over 50.0% at eight of the loci. Genotypes at each locus with the high-TKW allele had higher TKW than those with the low-TKW allele. The high-TKW allele Hap-H at the TaSus2-2B locus can be preferably used to increase grain yield due to its high TKW(49.32 g). A total of 18 main allelic combinations(ACs) at nine loci were detected. Three ACs(AC1–AC3) had significantly higher TKW than AC6 with high-TKW alleles at all nine loci even though they contained some low-TKW alleles. This indicated that other loci controlling kernel weight were present in the high-TKW cultivars. This work provides important information for parental selection and marker-assisted selection for breeding.

关键词： Allelic frequency Allelic variation Functional markers Triticum aestivum

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Ca and Sr co-doping induced oxygen vacancies in 3DOM La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)catalysts for boosting low-temperature oxidative coupling of methane

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 331-344页

作者： Tongtong Wu Yuechang Wei Jing Xiong Yitao Yang Zhenpeng Wang dawei Han Zhen Zhao jian Liu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

It is urgent to develop catalysts with application potential for oxidative coupling of methane(OCM)at relatively lower ***,three-dimensional ordered macro porous(3 DOM)La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)(A_(2)B_(2)O_(7)-type)catalysts with disordered defective cubic fluorite phased structure were successfully prepared by a colloidal crystal template method.3DOM structure promotes the accessibility of the gaseous reactants(O2and CH4)to the active *** co-doping of Ca and Sr ions in La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)catalysts improved the formation of oxygen vacancies,thereby leading to increased density of surface-active oxygen species(O_(2)^(-))for the activation of CH4and the formation of C2products(C2H6and C2H4).3DOM La_(2-x)Sr_(x)Ce_(2-y)CayO_(7-δ)catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity for OCM at low temperature.3DOM La1.7Sr0.3Ce1.7Ca0.3O7-δcatalyst with the highest density of O_(2)^(-)species exhibited the highest catalytic activity for low-temperature OCM,i.e.,its CH4conversion,selectivity and yield of C2products at 650℃are 32.2%,66.1%and 21.3%,*** mechanism was proposed that the increase in surface oxygen vacancies induced by the co-doping of Ca and Sr ions boosts the key step of C-H bond breaking and C-C bond coupling in catalyzing low-temperature *** is meaningful for the development of the low-temperature and high-efficient catalysts for OCM reaction in practical application.

关键词： 3DOM catalysts Ca ions Sr ions Low-temperature oxidative couplingof methane Oxygen vacancies O_(2)^(-) species

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Ultrahigh-fidelity spatial mode quantum gates in high-dimensional space by diffractive deep neural networks

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 55-67页

作者： Qianke Wang Jun Liu dawei Lyu jian Wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074HubeiChina Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan430074HubeiChina

While the spatial mode of photons is widely used in quantum cryptography, its potential for quantum computation remains largely unexplored. Here, we showcase the use of the multi-dimensional spatial mode of photons to construct a series of high-dimensional quantum gates, achieved through the use of diffractive deep neural networks (D2NNs). Notably, our gates demonstrate high fidelity of up to 99.6(2)%, as characterized by quantum process tomography. Our experimental implementation of these gates involves a programmable array of phase layers in a compact and scalable device, capable of performing complex operations or even quantum circuits. We also demonstrate the efficacy of the D2NN gates by successfully implementing the Deutsch algorithm and propose an intelligent deployment protocol that involves self-configuration and self-optimization. Moreover, we conduct a comparative analysis of the D2NN gate’s performance to the wave-front matching approach. Overall, our work opens a door for designing specific quantum gates using deep learning, with the potential for reliable execution of quantum computation.

关键词： quantum dimensional operations

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Plant virology in the 21st century in China:Recent advances and future directions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 579-622页

作者： jianguo Wu Yongliang Zhang Fangfang Li Xiaoming Zhang jian Ye Taiyun Wei Zhenghe Li Xiaorong Tao Feng Cui Xianbing Wang Lili Zhang Fei Yan Shifang Li Yule Liu dawei Li Xueping Zhou Yi Li State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops Vector-borne Virus Research CenterCollege of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Plant Pathology The Key Laboratory of Plant ImmunityNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Center for Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Plant viruses are a group of intracellular pathogens that persistently threaten global food *** advances in plant virology have been achieved by Chinese scientists over the last 20 years,including basic research and technologies for preventing and controlling plant viral ***,we review these milestones and advances,including the identification of new crop-infecting viruses,dissection of pathogenic mechanisms of multiple viruses,examination of multilayered interactions among viruses,their host plants,and virus-transmitting arthropod vectors,and in-depth interrogation of plantencoded resistance and susceptibility ***,various plant virus-based vectors have also been successfully developed for gene function studies and target gene expression in *** also recommend future plant virology studies in China.

关键词： China emerging plant viruses plant virology plant resistance/susceptibility to viral infection plant-virus transmission vector interactions plant virus-based vectors viral pathogenesis

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SU-8胶高温碳化制备微电极研究

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化工新型材料 2018年第3期46卷 197-199页

作者：李大维李刚菅傲群太原理工大学新型传感器和智能控制系统重点实验室(教育部) 太原030024

采用SU-8光刻胶为前驱体,控制转速在硅基上均匀旋涂SU-8胶薄膜,采用不同碳化温度制得微型微机电系统(MEMS)超级电容器多孔碳电极材料。研究结果表明:在碳化温度为900℃的条件下,制得的MEMS超级电容器多孔碳电极材料的孔隙结构发达、导... 详细信息

采用SU-8光刻胶为前驱体,控制转速在硅基上均匀旋涂SU-8胶薄膜,采用不同碳化温度制得微型微机电系统(MEMS)超级电容器多孔碳电极材料。研究结果表明:在碳化温度为900℃的条件下,制得的MEMS超级电容器多孔碳电极材料的孔隙结构发达、导电性较好,0.5mA/cm^2电流密度下比电容可达49.3mF/cm^2,在超级电容器电极材料领域具有较好的市场前景。

关键词： SU-8胶高温碳化超级电容器微电极

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Recent advances in Fe-N-C single-atom site coupled synergistic catalysts for boosting oxygen reduction reaction

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Electron 2024年第1期2卷 1-38页

作者： Katam Srinivas jian Zhen Hesheng Yu dawei Liu jian Zhen Ou Ming‐qiang Zhu Yuanfu Chen School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated DevicesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuanChina College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Metal-air batteries,fuel cells,and electrochemical H_(2)O2 production currently attract substantial consideration in the energy sector owing to their efficiency and ***,their broader use is hindered by the complex oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)that occurs at cathodes and involves intricate electron *** the significant ORR performance of platinum-based catalysts,their high cost,operational limitations,and susceptibility to methanol poisoning hinder broader *** emphasizes the need for efficient nonprecious metal-based ORR electrocatalysts.A promising approach involves utilizing single-atom catalysts(SACs)featuring metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)coordination *** offer advantages such as optimal utilization of metal atoms,uniform active centers,precisely defined catalytic sites,and robust metal-support ***,the symmetrical electron distribution around the central metal atom of a single-atom site(M-N4)often results in suboptimal ORR *** challenge can be addressed by carefully tailoring the surrounding environment of the active *** review specifically focuses on recent advancements in the Fe-N4 environment within Fe-N-C *** highlights the promising strategy of coupling Fe-N4 sites with metal clusters and/or nanoparticles,which enhances intrinsic *** capitalizing on the interplay between Fe-N4 sites and associated species,overall ORR performance *** review combines findings from experimental studies and density functional theory simulations,covering synthesis strategies for Fe-N-C coupled synergistic catalysts,characterization techniques,and the influence of associated particles on ORR *** offering a comprehensive outlook,the review aims to encourage research into high-efficiency Fe single-atom sites coupled synergistic catalysts for real-world applications in the coming years.

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction particle@Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts synergistic catalysts

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伊农种业经营现状及发展对策

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中国种业 2011年第1期 32-34页

作者：简大为新疆兵团农四师农科所伊宁835004

伊农种业是一个以新疆伊犁农四师农科所为依托，集科研、生产、推广、经营于一体的国营科技型种子企业。下设科研部、良种繁育部、种子经营部、农药经营部。2001年取得新疆自治区及新疆兵团种子管理总站颁发的种子生产、经营许可证，注... 详细信息

伊农种业是一个以新疆伊犁农四师农科所为依托，集科研、生产、推广、经营于一体的国营科技型种子企业。下设科研部、良种繁育部、种子经营部、农药经营部。2001年取得新疆自治区及新疆兵团种子管理总站颁发的种子生产、经营许可证，注册资金518万元。伊农种业地理位置优越．特别适宜制种业的发展．可生产、经营各类作物常规种及杂交种。

关键词：经营现状制种业发展对策种子生产新疆自治区经营许可证新疆伊犁种子企业

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高速高功率密度无轴承永磁薄片电机设计与优化

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电机与控制学报 2024年第6期28卷 171-180页

作者：李健陈红李大伟裴同豪刘嘉韵山东科技大学电气与自动化工程学院山东青岛266590 华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院湖北武汉430074

传统无轴承电机在高速和高功率密度之间难以取得平衡,为此围绕高速高功率密度无轴承永磁薄片电机,对其拓扑结构、绕组形式、主要尺寸等方面进行优化设计,在保证转速和功率密度的基础上有效地提升悬浮性能。通过对运行工况的分析,得出电... 详细信息

传统无轴承电机在高速和高功率密度之间难以取得平衡,为此围绕高速高功率密度无轴承永磁薄片电机,对其拓扑结构、绕组形式、主要尺寸等方面进行优化设计,在保证转速和功率密度的基础上有效地提升悬浮性能。通过对运行工况的分析,得出电机拓扑结构需具备的基本特点,提出一种采用环形集成绕组的表贴式无轴承永磁薄片电机。在兼顾转矩和悬浮力输出性能、机械防护可靠性的基础上,对电机的电磁气隙长度和永磁体参数等主要尺寸进行优化设计。针对电机饱和、绕组端部伸出等不利因素,分别采取了超前角弱磁、定子略长的性能提升策略,有效地避免了悬浮力的大幅度跌落。搭建20 000 r/min的无轴承永磁薄片电机有限元仿真模型并制造实物样机。通过对电磁转矩和主、被动悬浮力的分析,证明了本文设计的无轴承永磁薄片电机兼具良好的转矩与悬浮力输出性能,单位幅值电流产生的电磁转矩、主动悬浮力分别为0.166 N·m、4.4 N,电机输出功率10 kW、功率密度5.2 kW/kg。

关键词：无轴承永磁薄片电机高速高功率密度环形绕组优化设计弱磁控制端部效应

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Na_(2)CO_(3)-Na_(2)SO_(4)复盐熔炼法从碱溶渣中高效分离钨的工艺研究

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中国有色金属学报 2024年第2期34卷 529-536页

作者：冯浩郭学益许开华于大伟黄健何鑫涛中南大学冶金与环境学院长沙410083 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司荆门448000

钨合金废料资源化利用过程中容易产生含钨碱溶渣,且该部分含钨碱溶渣中钨品位较高。本文开发了一种复盐(Na_(2)CO_(3)-Na_(2)SO_(4))熔炼工艺,以对含钨碱溶渣中的钨进行高效分离;探究Na_(2)CO_(3)和Na_(2)SO_(4)的添加量、复盐熔炼温度... 详细信息

钨合金废料资源化利用过程中容易产生含钨碱溶渣,且该部分含钨碱溶渣中钨品位较高。本文开发了一种复盐(Na_(2)CO_(3)-Na_(2)SO_(4))熔炼工艺,以对含钨碱溶渣中的钨进行高效分离;探究Na_(2)CO_(3)和Na_(2)SO_(4)的添加量、复盐熔炼温度、熔炼时间以及水浸液固比、水浸温度对钨回收率的影响。结果表明:从含钨碱溶渣中高效分离钨的最优条件为n(W)∶n(Na_(2)CO_(3))∶n(Na_(2)SO_(4))=1∶1.25∶0.54,复盐熔炼温度为800℃,熔炼时间为3 h,水浸液固比为2.5,水浸温度为75℃,在该最优条件下可将含钨碱溶渣中99.93%的钨分离出来。同时,本文通过XRD分析以及热力学分析对复盐熔炼的反应机理进行了探讨,复盐体系的构建有助于降低体系共熔点,降低能耗,同时有助于促进碱溶渣与反应介质的充分接触,提高反应效率。

关键词：钨合金废料含钨碱溶渣复盐熔炼热力学

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统筹治理下的多元供给:上海市区级老年人体育协会服务供给效率研究

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体育科学 2024年第2期44卷 12-23页

作者：康健陈晓峰张大为浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院浙江金华321004 上海商学院体育与健康系上海200235 山西师范大学体育学院山西临汾030031

优化老年人体育协会的服务供给效率,是落实全民健身战略和积极应对人口老龄化战略的必然要求。选用数据包络分析法中的非期望产出超效率模型,测算上海市各区级老年人体育协会的服务供给效率,依照“分类别、作比较、找议题”的总体思路,... 详细信息

优化老年人体育协会的服务供给效率,是落实全民健身战略和积极应对人口老龄化战略的必然要求。选用数据包络分析法中的非期望产出超效率模型,测算上海市各区级老年人体育协会的服务供给效率,依照“分类别、作比较、找议题”的总体思路,对比和分析不同类型的区级老年人体育协会服务的供给效率。研究表明,1)上海市区级老年人体育协会服务呈现统筹治理下的多元供给特征。其中,统筹治理既体现在各区级老年人体育协会在市级协会和政府部门领导下统一老年体育服务的服务类型、内容标准、供给路径,也体现在治理主体、治理环境和治理资源的协调统筹方面;多元供给则体现为各区级老年人体育协会在服务供给效率、影响因素和应对策略的多元化。2)上海市各区级老年人体育协会服务供给可分为4类,即高效型、潜力型、待优化型和待发展型。3)在服务场域方面,城镇化场域与乡村性场域的服务供给效率差异,反映了公共服务均等化与老年体育需求个性化之间的矛盾。4)在政社关系方面,依附型与独立型的服务供给效率差异源于本区体育行政部门的组织结构,即前者体育行政部门的组织结构更为扁平,而后者组织层级更为庞杂。5)在资源整合方面,纵向一体化与横向一体化的服务供给效率差异源于各区的老年体育资源禀赋特征。具备禀赋优势的区通常采用纵向一体化的资源协调策略,禀赋优势不明显则更可能选择横向一体化的资源协调策略。

关键词：服务供给效率数据包络分析上海老年人体育协会

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