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Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization,and adsorption performance

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 339-347页

作者： njood r.Azeez Suhaib S.Salih Mohammed Kadhom Harith n.Mohammed Tushar K.Ghosh Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tikrit Department of Environmental Science College of Energy and Environmental Science Al-Karkh University of Science Department of nuclear Science & Engineering Institute University of Missouri-Columbia

Zinc and cadmium pollutants cause a significant environmental effect that cannot be ignored. Due to their considerable amount in an aqueous environment, industries are seeking suitable adsorbents that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive for removing metals from wastewater before disposing of them in surface waters. This research employed original MXene(MX) and chitosan-modified MXene(CSMX) to extract zinc(Zn(Ⅱ)) and cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ)) metal ions from water-based solutions. The composite material produced was analyzed using techniques such as X-ray Diffraction(XrD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIr), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The effects of contact duration, p H of the solution, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto both MX and CSMX composites were investigated. MX and prepared CSMX composite presented a high adsorption capacity for both studied heavy metals, which were 91.55 and 73.82 mg/g for Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto MX, 106.84 and 93.07 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) onto CSMX composite, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum competitive adsorption capacities for Zn(Ⅱ) onto MX and CSMX composites are 77.29 and 93.47 mg/g, and for are Cd(Ⅱ)60.30 and 79.66 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the removal capacities for both single and competitive metal ions were superior to CSMX composite. However, the adsorption capacities after five successive regeneration sequences were only dropped by 13.2% for Zn(Ⅱ) and 17.4% for Cd(Ⅱ) onto the CSMX composite compared to the first cycle. These results confirm that both metals could be efficiently terminated from wastewater, which makes the prepared CSMX composite a favorable candidate adsorbent in practical applications.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan MXene Zn(II) Cd(II) Wastewater

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Simple collective model for nuclear chiral mode

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 1-5页

作者： r.V.Jolos E.A.Kolganova D.r.Khamitova Joint Institute for nuclear research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia Dubna State University 141982 DubnaMoscow RegionRussia

A simple semi-analytical collective model that takes into account the limitations of the variation interval of the collective variable is suggested to describe the chiral dynamics in triaxial odd−odd nuclei with a fixed particle−hole *** collective Hamiltonian is constructed with the potential energy obtained using the postulated ansatz for the wave function symmetric with respect to chiral *** diagonalizing the collective Hamiltonian the wave functions of the lowest states are obtained and the evolution of the energy splitting of the chiral doublets in transition from chiral vibration to chiral rotation regime is demonstrated.

关键词： collective model nuclear chiral

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Sex-specific life-history trait expression in hybrids of a cave- and surface-dwelling fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poecilidae)

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 421-429页

作者： rüdiger riesch Luis r.Arriaga Ingo Schlupp Department of Biological Sciences Royal Holloway University of LondonEghamTW20 OEXUK CEFE CNRSUnivMontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of Biology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Evaluating the fitness of hybrids can provide important insights into genetic differences between species or diverging *** focused on surface-and cave-ecotypes of the widespread Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana and raised F1 hybrids of reciprocal crosses to sexual maturity in a common-garden *** were reared in a fully factorial 2 x 2 design consisting of lighting(light ***)and resource availability(high *** food).We quantified survival,ability to realize their full reproductive potential(i.e.,completed maturation for males and 3 consecutive births for females)and essential life-history *** to the performance of pure cave and surface fish from a previous experiment,F1s had the highest death rate and the lowest proportion of fish that reached their full reproductive *** also uncovered an intriguing pattern of sex-specific phenotype expression,because male hybrids expressed cave molly life histories,while female hybrids expressed surface molly life *** results provide evidence for strong selection against hybrids in the cave molly system,but also sug-gest a complex pattern of sex-specific(opposing)dominance,with certain surface molly genes being dominant in female hybrids and certain cavemollygenes beingdominant in malehybrids.

关键词： dominance life-history evolution local adaptation postzygotic isolation selection against hybrids.

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Study of ZnO nanoparticle-supported clay minerals for electrochemical sensors,photocatalysis,and antioxidant applications

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ChemPhysMater 2024年第1期3卷 83-93页

作者： Mylarappa M n.raghavendra n.r.Bhumika C.H.Chaithra B.n.nagalaxmi K.n.Shravana Kumara Department of Chemistry Sri Jagadguru Renukacharya College of ScienceArts&CommerceBengaluru 560009India Department of Chemistry East West Institute of TechnologyBengaluru 560091India Department of Chemistry Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for WomenBengaluru 560012India

In view of the current study’s demonstration of the synthesis of clay-doped ZnO composites,we present a low-cost method for producing clay-metal oxide(clay/ZnO).Utilizing the solution combustion technique,a composite of clay/ZnO was produced utilizing citric acid as both a fuel and a complexing *** hexagonal unit cell structure of the created clay/ZnO may be seen using XrD *** ZnO-infused clay was visible in FE-SEM micrographs as homogenous,sphere-shaped *** possible involvement of clay/ZnO photocatalytic activity in the UV-induced photodegradation of malachite green dye was *** 90%degradation rate shows the composite’s outstanding photocatalytic degradation *** resulting substance was electrochemically analyzed using a constructed electrode in 0.1 M KOH *** increased its sensor capabilities,which now include chemical and biomolecule sensors,and it excelled in cyclic voltammetry-based redox potential *** efficiently evaluate chemically synthesized nPs for electrochemical,sensing,and photocatalytic applications,this study intends to create a solution combustion procedure for the synthesis of clay/ZnO nanocomposite using urea as fuel.

关键词： Clay Clay/ZnO Photocatalytic Electrochemical sensors

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Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel ErLAT Fulya AYDIn-KAnDEMİr Department of Geography Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zero Waste Department Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydropolitics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from november to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(november to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only november and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in november and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the north Atlantic Oscillation(nAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, nAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： Snow cover extent Atmospheric teleconnection Central Taurus Mountains Air temperature and precipitation Geographic Information Systems Türkiye

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Thermal conductivity suppression in uranium-doped thorium dioxide due to phonon-spin interactions

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 709-715页

作者： Zilong Hua Saqeeb Adnan Amey r.Khanolkar Karl rickert david B.Turner Timothy A.Prusnick J.Matthew Mann david H.Hurley Marat Khafizov Cody A.Dennett Materials Science and Engineering Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID83415USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA KBr DaytonOH45431USA Azimuth Corporation FairbornOH45324USA Air Force research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFBOH45433USA Department of nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

In this work,impact of low level of uranium(U)atom substitution on thermal conductivity of thorium dioxide(ThO_(2))is ***_(2)is an electronic insulator with a wide optical band-gap and no unpaired electrons whose thermal transport is governed by phonons.U-substitution introduces unpaired f-electrons resulting in paramagnetic behavior of UeThO_(2)at room temperature,which significantly suppresses its thermal conductivity.A single crystal of UeThO_(2)with graded composition of U is grown using a hydrothermal synthesis method,and thermal conductivity measurements are performed in re-gions with uniform composition of U at levels of 0%,6%,9%and 16%.Measured thermal conductivity profiles over 77e300 K temperature range are analyzed using an analytical expression for phonon-mediated thermal transport based on Klemens-Callaway *** dependent thermal con-ductivity is found to deviate significantly from the rayleigh scattering trend expected for a simple substitutional point defect with a small perturbation to mass and interatomic *** the resonant scattering term,observed large suppression of thermal conductivity at low temperatures can be closely ***,the extracted phonon-spin coupling constants imply a nonlinear relation of phonon-spin interaction intensity with respect to U doping *** study reveals how phonon-spin scattering contributed by unpaired f-electrons in U atoms influences thermal transport in the UeThO_(2)system.

关键词： Phonon-spin interactions Thermal conductivity UdThO_(2)system

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neurogenic potential of nG2 in neurotrauma:a systematic review

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neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2673-2683页

作者： Yuri r.rigo radharani Benvenutti Luis V.Portela nathan r.Strogulski Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

regenerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of *** is reflected in a large disparity between the number of studies investigating primary and secondary injury as therapeutic to rgets in spinal co rd and traumatic brain *** advances in biotechnology may have the potential to reshape the current state-of-the-art and bring focus to primary injury neurotrauma *** studies using neural-glial factor/antigen 2(nG2)cells indicate that they may differentiate into neurons even in the developed *** these cells show great potential to play a regenerative role,studies have been conducted to test various manipulations in neurotrauma models aimed at eliciting a neurogenic response from *** the present study,we systematically reviewed the experimental protocols and findings described in the scientific literature,which were peer-reviewed original research articles(1)describing preclinical experimental studies,(2)investigating nG2 cells,(3)associated with neurogenesis and neurotrauma,and(4)in vitro and/or in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLInE,Web of Science or SCOPUS,from 1998 to ***,we have reviewed a total of 1504 papers,and summarized findings that ultimately suggest that nG2 cells possess an inducible neurogenic potential in animal models and in *** also discriminate findings of nG2 neurogenesis promoted by different pharmacological and genetic approaches over functional and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury and spinal co rd injury models,and provide mounting evidence for the potential benefits of manipulated nG2 cell ex vivo transplantation in primary injury *** findings indicate the feasibility of nG2 cell neurogenesis strategies and add new players in the development of therapeutic alternatives for neurotrauma.

关键词： neural-glial antigen 2 neural-glial factor 2 neuron differentiation nG2 cell regeneration spinal cord injury(SCI) traumatic brain injury(TBI)

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Parametric investigation on the novel and cost-effective nano fly ash impregnated geopolymer system for sustainable construction

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 170-183页

作者： r.MOHAnA S.M.Leela BHArATHI Department of Civil Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626123India

The hazardous environmental effects of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change demand alternative sources for cementitious materials in the construction *** development of geopolymer structures provides a way of producing 100%cement-free *** this research work,a novel and simple way of deriving nano particles from waste fly ash particles is *** effect of adding the synthesized nano fly ash particles as a filler medium in geopolymer mortars was investigated by considering strength and durability *** optimization was done by using regression analysis on the geopolymer mortar and the impact of adding nano fly ash particles was studied by varying different percentages of addition ranging from 0 to 7.5%by weight of binder *** the results,it was observed that 1%nano fly ash acted not only as a filler but also as nano-sized precursors of the polymerization process,resulting in denser geopolymer *** can explain the extraordinary gain in strength of 72.11 MPa as well as the denser core with negligible level of chloride ion penetration,making the material suitable for the development of structures susceptible to marine environment.

关键词： geopolymer nano fly ash chloride ion penetration durability polymerization fillers

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nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： M.ABBASI GAVArI M.r.HOMAEInEZHAD Faculty of Mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(AMM)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(AMM) nonlinear motion analysis

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Mechanocatalysis of CO to CO_(2)on TiO_(2)surface controlled at atomic scale

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nano research 2024年第7期17卷 5826-5834页

作者： Yuuki Adachi robert Turanský Ján Brndiar Kamil Tokár Qiang Zhu Huan Fei Wen Yasuhiro Sugawara IvanŠtich Yan Jun Li Department of Applied Physics Osaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84511Slovakia Institute of Informatics Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84507Slovakia Faculty of natural Sciences University of Ss.Cyril and MethodiusTrnava 91701Slovakia Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement School of Instrument and ElectronicsNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

The common ways to activate a chemical reaction are by heat,electric current,or ***,mechanochemistry,where the chemical reaction is activated by applied mechanical force,is less common and only poorly understood at the atomic *** we report a tip-induced activation of chemical reaction of carbon monoxide to dioxide on oxidized rutile TiO_(2)(110)*** activation is studied by atomic force microscopy,Kelvin probe force microscopy under ultrahigh-vacuum and liquid nitrogen temperature conditions,and density functional theory(DFT)*** reaction is inferred from hysteretic behavior of frequency shift signal further supported by vector force mapping of vertical and lateral forces needed to trigger the chemical reaction with torque motion of carbon monoxide towards an oxygen *** reaction is found to proceed stochastically at very small tip-sample ***,the local contact potential difference reveals the atomic-scale charge redistribution in the reactants required to unlock the *** results open up new insights into the mechanochemistry on metal oxide surfaces at the atomic scale.

关键词： atomic resolution mechanochemistry atomic force microscopy Kelvin probe force microscopy density functional theory(DFT)simulation CO oxidation catalysis rutile TiO_(2)surface

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