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A population study of fasting time and serum prostate-specific antigen （PSA） level

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 740-744,I0009,I0010页

作者： Cheryl K lau Maggie Guo Jeannine A Viczko Christopher t Naugler Calgary Laboratory Services Calgary Department of Family Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department of Family Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. traditional screening and diagnostic methods include digital rectal examinations （DREs）, biopsies and serum prostate-specific antigen （PSA） tests, with the latter being the more popular. PSA is a biomarker for prostate cancer; however, it is highly sensitive to external factors as well as other prostate diseases. As such, the reliability of of the serum PSA level as a sole screening and diagnostic tool for prostate cancer is controversial. Recently, it has been shown that fasting extremes can affect concentrations of serum chemistry analytes, thus raising the question of whether or not fasting has an effect on the highly sensitive PSA biomarker. Patients testing for serum PSA levels are often concomitantly submitting to other tests that require fasting, subjecting certain patients to a fasting PSA level while others not. the objective of this study was to investigate whether this discrepancy in fasting state translates into an effect on serum PSA levels. Serum PSA levels and fasting time records for 157 276 men who underwent testing at Calgary Laboratory Services （CLS; Calgary, Alberta, Canada） between 01 January 2010 and 31 March 2013 were accessed. Linear regression models of mean PSA levels and fasting times revealed a statistically important relationship at certain fasting times. Applying a dynamic mathematical model to explore the clinical effect of fasting suggests minimal impact on serum PSA result interpretation. thus, patients can be tested for serum PSA levels regardless of their fasting state.

关键词： diagnostic test fasting prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Effect of training on two-way Shape Memory Effect and Its Stability in a ti-Ni-Hf High temperature Shape Memory Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2003年第6期19卷 590-592页

作者： XianglongMENG WeiCAI K.t.lau L.M.ZHOU LianchengZHAO SchoolofMaterialsScience&Engineering HarbinInstituteofTechnologyHarbin150001China DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversityHungHomKowloonHongKongChina

the Effect of the thermal cycling training under constant strain on the two-way shape memory effect (tWSME) in a ti36l\li49Hf15 high temperature shape memory alloy (SMA) has been investigated by bending tests. the results indicated that the training procedure is beneficial to get the better tWSME. the two-way shape memory strain increases with increasing the training strain. And it decreases with increasing the training temperature. the tWSME obtained in the present alloy shows poorer stability compared with that obtained in the tiNi alloys.

关键词： tiNiHf alloy High temperature shape memory alloy two-way shape memory effect training

Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： david A.t.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals manufacturing： the case study of Houston, texas, USA

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 293-304页

作者： david t. Allen University of texas Austin Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Energy and Environmental Resources Austin TX 78759 USA

In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies （the texas Air Quality Studies or texAQS I and II） were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. the texas Air Quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Under- standing and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. these coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. the lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

Mechanisms of acquired resistance to fibroblast growth factor receptor targeted therapy

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 568-579页

作者： david K.lau laura Jenkins Andrew Weickhardt Olivia Newton John Cancer Research Institute HeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia School of Cancer Medicine La Trobe UniversityHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Department of Medical Oncology Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia.

Oncogenic activation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR)through mutations and fusions of the FGFR gene occur in a variety of different malignancies such as urothelial carcinoma and *** of the kinase domain of the FGFR with targeted oral FGFR inhibitors has been shown in both preclinical and early phase clinical trials to lead to meaningful reductions in tumour size and larger confirmatory randomized trials are *** resistance to FGFR inhibition using a variety of mechanisms that includes,activation of alternate signaling pathways and expansion of tumour clones with gatekeeper mutations in the FGFR *** review summarizes the acquired resistance mechanisms to FGFR therapy and therapeutic approaches to circumventing resistance.

关键词： Fibroblast growth factor receptor targeted therapy acquired resistance

the Pioneering Works of Professor Duzheng YE on Atmospheric Dispersion,tibetan Plateau Meteorology,and Air–Sea Interaction

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第10期34卷 1137-1149页

作者： Ngar-Cheung lau Institute of Environment Energy and Sustainabilityand Department of Geography and Resource ManagementThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong Kong

this paper provides an overview of the impacts of the original works of Professor Duzheng YE on a selected set of observational and model studies with which the present author has been associated over the past several decades. the main themes of these works include atmospheric energy dispersion, air–land interactions over the tibetan Plateau, and El Ni n？orelated air–sea coupling over East *** dispersive behavior of observed atmospheric fluctuations accompanying cold surge events in East Asia is demonstrated. Cold air outbreaks over Korea and southern China are coincident with the successive downstream development of troughs and ridges, with the group velocity of such wave packets being notably faster than the phase propagation speed of individual troughs and ridges. In a more general context, dispersive features are also discernible from lagged teleconnection charts and cross-spectra of observed and model-simulated geopotential height variations on 10–30-day time *** the output from a high-resolution general circulation model, the relative contributions of condensational, sensible, and radiative heating to the atmospheric energy budget over the tibetan Plateau are documented. the rapid changes of the upper tropospheric tibetan anticyclone and East Asian mei-yu（＂plum rain＂） precipitation band associated with the development of the Asian monsoon system are *** principal anomalies in sea level pressure, surface wind, precipitation and sea surface temperature over southeastern China and the Philippine Sea region during El Nio events are presented. the contributions of remote El Nio-related forcing and local air–sea interaction to the occurrence of these anomalies are assessed.

关键词： atmospheric dispersion tibetan Plateau meteorology El Nio

Phase transformation and thermal Stability of Aged ti-Ni-Hf High temperature Shape Memory Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2006年第5期22卷 691-695页

作者： Xianglong MENG Wei CAI K.t.lau L.M.Zhou Liancheng ZHAO School of Materials science ＆ Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic umversity Hung Horn KowloonHong Kong China

the use of Ni-rich tiNiHf alloys as high temperature shape memory alloys （SMAs） through aging has been presented. For Ni-rich ti80-xNixHf20 alloys, their phase transformation temperatures are averagely increased more than 100 K by aging at 823 K for 2 h. Especially for the alloys with Ni-content of 50.4 at. pct and 50.6 at. pct, their martensitic transformation start temperatures （Ms） are more than 473 K after aging. tEM observation confirmed that some fine particles precipitate from the matrix during aging. the aged Ni-rich tiNiHf SMAs show the better thermal stability of phase transformation temperatures than the solutiontreated tiNiHf alloys. the fine particles precipitated during aging should be responsible for the increase of phase transformation temperatures and its high stability.

关键词： tiNiHf alloy High temperature shape memory alloy Aging Phase transformation

Regulation of proprietary traditional Chinese medicines in Australia

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第1期15卷 12-14页

作者： david t. Graham ISO technical committee 249 (1SO/tC 249) 7-C Shuguang Building 189 Pu 'an Road Shanghai 200021 China

this review article describes the regulation of proprietary Chinese medicines for the Australian market, which may permit many medicines used in traditional Chinese Medicine to have a simplified process of market acce... 详细信息

关键词： Regulation Australia Chinese medicines

Influence of incubation temperature on sea turtle hatchling quality

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 352-360页

作者： david t.BOOtH School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia

Since the 1980s it has been known that incubation temperature influences the sex ratio of sea turtle hatchlings emerging from their nests,and there has been much speculation on how global climate change might threaten sea turtle populations by raising nest temperatures and causing highly female-biased hatchling sex *** recently,studies have indicated that incubation temperature can also influence the size and locomotor performance of sea turtle *** I review recent studies that have explored the influence of incubation temperature on sea turtle hatchling quality in terms of hatchling morphology and locomotor performance.I also discuss the likely underlying mechanisms responsible for incubation temperature-induced differences in hatchling locomotor performance,and how an increase in nest temperature associated with global warming might affect recruitment of sea turtle hatchlings.

关键词： locomotor performance nest temperature phenotype sea turtle hatchling