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不同Nb含量X80钢管环焊热影响区的微观组织与韧性

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焊接学报 2024年第3期45卷 75-81,I0007页

作者：何小东杨耀彬陈越峰张永青 david Han 中国石油集团工程材料研究院有限公司石油管材及装备材料服役行为与结构安全国家重点实验室西安710077 国际焊接研究中心西安710077 中信金属股份有限公司北京100004

为研究Nb含量对焊接热影响区微观组织和性能的影响,采用熔化极气体保护焊(gas metal arc welding,GmAW)和手工焊条电弧焊(shielded metal arc welding,SmAW)对0.055%Nb和0.075%Nb含量的X80钢管进行环焊.采用夏比冲击试验和金相分析方法... 详细信息

为研究Nb含量对焊接热影响区微观组织和性能的影响,采用熔化极气体保护焊(gas metal arc welding,GmAW)和手工焊条电弧焊(shielded metal arc welding,SmAW)对0.055%Nb和0.075%Nb含量的X80钢管进行环焊.采用夏比冲击试验和金相分析方法,研究热影响区的微观组织差异和夏比冲击韧性.并借助扫描电镜和超高温激光共聚焦显微镜分析不同Nb含量X80管体的微观组织对热影响区性能的影响.结果表明,在0℃和-20℃时,0.075%Nb和0.055%Nb的X80钢管GmAW环焊接头热影响区均具有较高的冲击韧性,其平均冲击吸收能量均高于150 J.其中0.055%Nb略高于0.075%Nb的GmAW环焊接头热影响区夏比冲击吸收能量;焊接热输入较低时,0.055%Nb低于0.075%Nb的X80环焊接头粗晶区的韧脆转变温度,具有更好的低温韧性.焊接热输入较高时,0.075%Nb的X80环焊接头粗晶区具有更高的上平台冲击吸收能量,且上平台温度和韧脆转变温度也更低,其低温韧性也更优异;还发现了X80环焊接头热影响区的冲击韧性不仅与热输入量和热影响区马氏体-奥氏体组织(m-A)的形状、大小、分布有关,而且还受管体中Nb含量、原始的强度与韧性、微观组织状态的遗传影响.

关键词：含铌X80钢管环焊接头热影响区冲击韧性 m-A组织

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新型山火监测器

科技纵览 2021年第11期 34-39,2页

作者： Alissa m.fitzgerald A.m.fitzgerald&Associates

狗为什么一直叫?被惊醒的你感到不安。你注到了烟味,试图打开床头灯时,你发现停电了。然后你向窗外望去:橙色的火焰像一堵墙一样爬上了附近的山坡。你叫醒家人,跑去开车。挽救了你们生命的,是来自石器时代的预警系统,也就是你的狗。

关键词：预警系统山火监测石器时代惊醒狗不安

Failure mechanism and simulation for long run-out of the catastrophic rock landslide in the Shanyang Vanadium mine, China

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Journal of mountain Science 2024年第09期 2905-2917页

作者： LIU Yinpeng mumtaz HAIDER david-darnor LAWRENCE LI Tonglu SHEN Wei LI Ping College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an University Observation and Research Station of Water Cycle and Geological Environment for the Chinese Loess Plateau Ministry of Education

On 12thAugust 2015,a massive rapid long run-out rock landslide occurred in the Shanyang Vanadium mine in Shaanxi Province,China,which claimed the lives of 65 *** heavy rainfalls,earthquakes,and mining blasts were recorded before the ***,the failure mechanism and the cause of the long run-out movement are always in *** this paper,we conducted a detailed field investigation,laboratory tests,block theory analysis,and numerical simulation to investigate the failure and long run-out mechanisms of the *** field investigation results show that the source material of the rock landslide is a huge dolomite wedge block bedding on siliceous shale *** compression tests indicate that the uniaxial compression strength of the intact dolomite is130-140mPa and the dolomite shows a brittle failure *** to the progressive downward erosion of the gully,the dolomite rock bridge at the slope toe became *** the compression stress in the dolomite bridge increased to surpass its strength,the brittle failure of the bridge *** huge potential energy was released following the disintegration of the landslide,which led to the high acceleration of this rock *** 3D discrete element simulation results suggest that the low intergranular friction contributes to the long run-out movement of this rock landslide.

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Low-power SiPm readout BETA ASIC for space applications

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 153-169页

作者： Anand Sanmukh Sergio Gómez Albert Comerma Joan mauricio Rafel manera Andreu Sanuy Daniel Guberman Roger Catala Albert Espinya marina Orta Oscar de la Torre david Gascon Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica(FQA) Institut de Ciències del Cosmos(ICCUB)Universitat de Barcelona(UB)08028 BarcelonaSpain Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya(IEEC) 08034 BarcelonaSpain Electronics Department Serra Hunter fellow at Polytechnic University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 BarcelonaSpain

The BETA application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC)is a fully programmable chip designed to amplify,shape and digitize the signal of up to 64 Silicon photomultiplier(SiPm)channels,with a power consumption of approximately~1 mW/*** to its dual-path gain,the BETA chip is capable of resolving single photoelectrons(phes)with a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)>5 while simultaneously achieving a dynamic range of~4000 ***,BETA can provide a cost-effective solution for the readout of SiPms in space missions and other applications with a maximum rate below 10 *** this study,we describe the key characteristics of the BETA ASIC and present an evaluation of the performance of its 16-channel version,which is implemented using 130 nm *** ASIC also contains two discriminators that can provide trigger signals with a time jitter down to 400 ps FWHm for 10 *** linearity error of the charge gain measurement was less than 2%for a dynamic range as large as 15 bits.

关键词： Radiation detectors Silicon photomultipliers Photon sensors Front-end electronics mixed-mode ASICs Space technology

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液体活检在肺癌管理中新技术的发展和临床应用的拓展

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1556-1568页

作者：陈克终何越王文香袁晓秋 david P.Carbone 杨帆 Department of Thoracic Surgery Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Peking University People’s Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute&Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Beijing 100044China Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191China Thoracic Oncology Center Ohio State UniversityColumbus 43026USA

Lung cancer is an exceedingly malignant tumor reported as having the highest morbidity and mortality of any cancer worldwide,thus posing a great threat to global *** the growing demand for precision medicine,current methods for early clinical detection,treatment and prognosis monitoring in lung cancer are hampered by certain *** have found that during the formation and development of a tumor,molecular substances carrying tumor-related genetic information can be released into body *** biopsy(LB),a method for detecting these tumor-related markers in body fluids,maybe a way to make progress in these *** recent years,LB technology has undergone rapid ***,this review will provide information on technical updates to LB and its potential clinical applications,evaluate its effectiveness for specific applications,discuss the existing limitations of LB,and present a look forward to possible future clinical ***,this paper will introduce technical updates from the prospectives of engineering breakthroughs in the detection of membrane-based LB biomarkers and other improvements in sequencing ***,it will summarize the latest applications of liquid biopsy for the early detection,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of lung *** will present the interconnectedness of clinical and laboratory issues and the interplay of technology and application in LB today.

关键词： Liquid biopsy techniques Lung cancer Circulating tumor cells Circulating tumor DNA Sequencing technology Clinical application

APIR:Aggregating Universal Proteomics Database Search Algorithms for Peptide Identification with FDR Control

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 171-187页

作者： Yiling Elaine Chen Xinzhou Ge Kyla Woyshner meiLu mcDermott Antigoni manousopoulou Scott B.Ficarro Jarrod A.marto Kexin Li Leo david Wang Jingyi Jessica Li Department of Statistics and Data Science University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Immuno-Oncology Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Cancer Biology and Blais Proteomics Center Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteDepartment of PathologyBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatrics City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010USA Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Human Genetics University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Computational medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biostatistics University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Advances in mass spectrometry(mS)have enabled high-throughput analysis of proteomes in biological *** state-of-the-art mS data analysis relies on database search algorithms to quantify proteins by identifying peptide–spectrum matches(PSms),which convert mass spectra to peptide *** database search algorithms use distinct search strategies and thus may identify unique ***,no existing approaches can aggregate all user-specified database search algorithms with a guaranteed increase in the number of identified peptides and a control on the false discovery rate(FDR).To fill in this gap,we proposed a statistical framework,Aggregation of Peptide Identification Results(APIR),that is universally compatible with all database search ***,under an FDR threshold,APIR is guaranteed to identify at least as many,if not more,peptides as individual database search algorithms *** of APIR on a complex proteomics standard dataset showed that APIR outpowers individual database search algorithms and empirically controls the *** data studies showed that APIR can identify disease-related proteins and post-translational modifications missed by some individual database search *** APIR framework is easily extendable to aggregating discoveries made by multiple algorithms in other high-throughput biomedical data analysis,e.g.,differential gene expression analysis on RNA sequencing *** APIR R package is available at https://***/yiling0210/APIR.

关键词： Shotgun proteomics Peptide–spectrum match Peptide identification Aggregation of lists FDR control

Review and Analysis: Evaluation of the Impacts and Consequences of Using Agricultural Herbicides as military Chemical Weapons in Second Indochina War

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第8期14卷 471-498页

作者： david R. Speidel Kenneth R. Olson USDA Resource Conservationist and Agricultural Consultant with Natural Resource Conservation Service and Foreign Agricultural Service Benton Missouri USA College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA

The legacy of the human misery caused by the application of the herbicides including Agent Purple and Agent Orange contaminated with unknown amounts of dioxin TCDD and Agent Blue, the arsenic-based herbicide, sprayed over the jungles, rice fields, and hamlets of Vietnam is still haunting us today. Why did this happen? Could it have been prevented? Was it necessary United States military strategy? Was it an intentional decision to inflict this blight on the enemy soldiers and the Vietnamese, Cambodian, and Laotian civilians, to poison their land and cause generations of harm? Alternatively, was it an unpreventable accident in the march of military history? What patterns in the U.S. government’s thought process could be identified as the cause, which led to the decision to use these herbicides as tactical chemical weapons? If the introduction of herbicide (chemical) weapons had not been made, would the outcome of the Vietnam War and the Secret Wars in Laos and Cambodia have been any different? The objective of this treatise is to outline the role of world events and backgrounds and the role of the leaders, U.S. military, CIA, USDA, U.S. State Department, the U.S. President appointed Ambassadors to Vietnam and Laos, chemical companies, and President Diệm’s Republic of Vietnam (RVN) government and military. Their collective advice led to the decision to use herbicides as military and environmental chemical weapons in the Second Indochina War. Were the National interests achieved by U.S. military strategy in the RVN using herbicide weapons worth the long-term environmental and human health consequences in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos? Did it impact the outcome of the Second Indochina War?

关键词： Second Indochina War Cambodia Laos South Vietnam Vietnam War Tactical Herbicides Agent Blue Agent Orange Agent Purple Dioxin TCDD Arsenic

The new kid on the block in insect pest management:sprayable RNAi goes commercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang david mota-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim Subba Reddy Palli Silvia I.Rondon Brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes michael S.Crossley William E.Snyder Angharad m.R.Gatehouse myron P.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Department of Entomology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA Department of Plant medicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea Department of Entomology University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the Environment University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest management College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Department of Entomology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest damage to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilman et al.,2011).Climate change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environmental and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that meet ever-increasing global demand.

关键词： crops damage pest

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Change in Functional Status from Preoperative to One Year Postoperative in Patients Who Have Undergone Elective Open-Heart Surgery: A Repeated-measures Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 421-433页

作者： A. Kate macPhedran david Barker mark marbey Kieran Fogarty Physical Therapy Program Morosky College of Health Professions and Sciences Gannon University Erie PA USA Interdisciplinary Health Sciences PhD Program College of Health and Human Sciences Western Michigan University Kalamazoo MI USA Organizational Learning and Leadership PhD Program College of Humanities Education and Social Sciences Gannon University Erie PA USA Cardiac Surgery Services AHN Saint Vincent Health Center Erie PA USA

Purpose: Although patient-related factors affect surgical outcomes, preoperative functional status is not measured by any cardiac risk score. Functional status can, however, be objectively measured using validated outcome tools such as the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI). The purpose of this study was to determine 1) if there was a change over time in functional status, as measured by the LLFDI, in patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery, and if so, 2) what specific aspect(s) of functional status changed. methods: A prospective longitudinal study of one year was conducted on elective cardiac surgery patients (n = 43) using the self-reported LLFDI, which measures Disability Frequency (frequency of participation in social tasks), Disability Limitation (ability to participate in social tasks) and Function Total (ease in performing routine activities). Higher scores indicate increased function and decreased disability. LLFDI scores were compared at three times (preoperative, six-week and one-year postoperative) using repeated measures ANOVA. Post hoc pairwise comparison was conducted for specific interactions. Results: Both Function Total and Disability Frequency significantly changed over time (p = 0.047 and p = 0.013, respectively). Specifically, patients’ function level was significantly higher one-year postoperative compared to preoperative (m difference = +3.48, SE = 1.48, p = 0.026). Likewise, Disability Frequency scores were significantly higher (i.e. more active) at one-year postoperative versus preoperative (m difference= +5.98, SE = 2.19, p = 0.033). Disability Limitation scores were not significantly different between any time points (p > 0.05). Conclusion: By one-year postoperative, patients demonstrated increased ease in their routine physical activities and were more participatory in social life tasks. Individuals who underwent elective cardiac surgery took more than six weeks to detect notable improvement in functional status,

关键词： Functional Status Elective Cardiac Surgery Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument