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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian Mustroph david Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow Matthew F.Gary Ali M.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

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正义、美德与教育（英文）

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基础教育 2015年第1期12卷 30-39页

作者：大卫.卡尔伯明翰大学品格与美德研究中心

如果说正义是人类道德交往的基本法则或者维度,那么这也似乎适用于一些教育问题。简而言之,我们需要教育孩子和年轻人正义和公平。然而,这并不是可以仅通过教授正义的理论就能够实现的。因为,正如这篇文章所揭示的那样,这些理论通常涉... 详细信息

如果说正义是人类道德交往的基本法则或者维度,那么这也似乎适用于一些教育问题。简而言之,我们需要教育孩子和年轻人正义和公平。然而,这并不是可以仅通过教授正义的理论就能够实现的。因为,正如这篇文章所揭示的那样,这些理论通常涉及到维护正义的准则,即在有些情况下,公民个体不能总是做到如其所期待的那样正义与公平。所以,正义教育更多的是培养正义的美德。从这点出发,本文致力于探究如何借助富有想象力的文学作品来培养正义的美德。

关键词：正义公平美德教育文学作品

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SegVeg: Segmenting RGB Images into Green and Senescent Vegetation by Combining Deep and Shallow Methods

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Plant Phenomics 2022年第1期4卷 26-42页

作者： Mario Serouart Simon Madec Etienne david Kaaviya Velumani Raul lopezLozano Marie Weiss Frederic Baret Arvalis Institutduvegetal228routedel’aerodrome-CS4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France INRAE Avignon UniversiteUMREMMAHUMTCAPTE228routedel’aerodrome-CS4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France CIRAD UMRTETISF-34398 MontpellierFrance Hiphen SAS 228routedel’aerodrome-CS4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France

Pixel segmentation of high-resolution RGB images into chlorophyll-active or nonactive vegetation classes is a first step often required before estimating key traits of *** have developed the SegVeg approach for semantic segmentation of RGB images into three classes(background,green,and senescent vegetation).This is achieved in two steps:A U-net model is first trained on a very large dataset to separate whole vegetation from *** green and senescent vegetation pixels are then separated using SVM,a shallow machine learning technique,trained over a selection of pixels extracted from *** performances of the SegVeg approach is then compared to a 3-class U-net model trained using weak supervision over RGB images segmented with SegVeg as groundtruth *** show that the SegVeg approach allows to segment accurately the three ***,some confusion is observed mainly between the background and senescent vegetation,particularly over the dark and bright regions of the *** U-net model achieves similar performances,with slight degradation over the green vegetation:the SVM pixel-based approach provides more precise delineation of the green and senescent patches as compared to the convolutional nature of *** use of the components of several color spaces allows to better classify the vegetation pixels into green and ***,the models are used to predict the fraction of three classes over whole images or regularly spaced *** show that green fraction is very well estimated(R^(2)=0.94)by the SegVeg model,while the senescent and background fractions show slightly degraded performances(R^(2)=0.70 and 0.73,respectively)with a mean 95%confidence error interval of 2.7%and 2.1%for the senescent vegetation and background,versus 1%for green *** have made SegVeg publicly available as a ready-to-use script and model,along with the entire annotated grid-pixels *** thus hope to render segmentation acc

关键词： Deep offering render

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Software, Software Engineering and Software Engineering Research: Some Unconventional Thoughts

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 189-197页

作者： david Notkin Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle

Software engineering is broadly discussed as falling far short of expectations. Data and examples are used to justify how software itself is often poor, how the engineering of software leaves much to be desired, and how research in software engineering has not made enough progress to help overcome these weaknesses. However, these data and examples are presented and interpreted in ways that are arguably imbalanced. This imbalance, usually taken at face value, may be distracting the field from making significant progress towards improving the effective engineering of software, a goal the entire community shares. Research dichotomies, which tend to pit one approach against another, often subtly hint that there is a best way to engineer software or a best way to perform research on software. This, too, may be distracting the field from important classes of progress.

关键词： software engineering/general software engineering process/life cycle

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The functional properties of synapses made by regenerated axons across spinal cord lesion sites in lamprey

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2272-2277页

作者： david Parker Department of Physiology Developmentand NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK

While the anatomical properties of regenerated axons across spinal cord lesion sites have been studied extensively,little is known of how the functional properties of regenerated synapses compared to those in unlesioned *** study aims to compare the properties of synapses made by regenerated axons with unlesioned axons using the lamprey,a model system for spinal injury research,in which functional locomotor recovery after spinal cord lesions is associated with axonal regeneration across the lesion *** synapses below the lesion site did not differ from synapses from unlesioned axons with respect to the amplitude and duration of single excitatory postsynaptic *** also showed the same activity-dependent depression over spike ***,regenerated synapses did differ from unlesioned synapses as the estimated number of synaptic vesicles was greater and there was evidence for increased postsynaptic quantal *** axons above the lesion site,the amplitude and duration of single synaptic inputs also did not differ significantly from unlesioned ***,in this case,there was evidence of a reduction in release probability and inputs facilitated rather than depressed over spike *** inputs from single regenerated axons below the lesion site thus do not increase in amplitude to compensate for the reduced number of descending axons after functional ***,the postsynaptic input was maintained at the unlesioned level using different synaptic ***,the facilitation from the same initial amplitude above the lesion site made the synaptic input over spike trains functionally *** may help to increase propriospinal activity across the lesion site to compensate for the lesion-induced reduction in supraspinal *** animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Cambridge University.

关键词： electrophysiology lamprey plasticity regeneration reticulospinal axon spinal cord spinal injury synapse

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Conversion of Solar Energy to Fuels by Inorganic Heterogeneous Systems

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催化学报 2011年第6期32卷 879-890页

作者： Kimfung LI david MARTIN Department of Chemical Engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK

Over the last several years,the need to find clean and renewable energy sources has increased rapidly because current fossil fuels will not only eventually be depleted,but their continuous combustion leads to a dramatic increase in the carbon dioxide amount in *** of the Sun's radiation can provide a solution to both *** fuel can be generated by using solar energy to split water,and liquid fuels can be produced via direct CO2 *** would create an essentially free carbon or at least carbon neutral energy *** this tutorial review,the current progress in fuels' generation directly driven by solar energy is *** mechanisms are discussed with suggestions for future research.

关键词：固体超强碱氧化钙硝酸钾氧化铝氧化锆氢氧化钾硝酸钙

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跨过隔离栅的电涌:数字隔离器确立加强绝缘的标准

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今日电子 2014年第10期 42-43页

作者： david carr ADI公司

传统上,光耦合器用于隔离多种电气设备中潜在的危险电压。如今,基于变压器或容性耦合技术的现代数字隔离器得到了广泛应用。基于变压器的数字隔离器拥有诸多优势,比如高性能、集成功能、低功耗、出色的长期可靠性,以及更高的易用性等。

关键词：数字隔离器隔离栅标准绝缘电涌危险电压电气设备光耦合器

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Experimental Study of An Aquaculture Net Cage in Waves and Current

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China Ocean Engineering 2015年第3期29卷 325-340页

作者： david KRISTIANSEN Pal LADER Фsten JENSEN david FREDRIKSSON SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture United States Naval Academy

Model experiments of a floating fish cage subjected to waves and current have been performed. The objective was to study the dynamic behaviour of the fish cage model in waves and current. The fish cage model was composed of a model net, a flexible floating collar of the circular plastic type and a weight system. It was found that there are many wave periods in which cancellation of the wave-induced forces on the model occur. These cancellation wave periods are within the range of dimensioning wave periods commonly used for testing of fish farm structures and hence are important to be aware of. Large deformations of the net under realistic wave and current conditions were observed, where contact between the net and other parts of the structure were identified. This may cause damages to the net due to abrasion.

关键词： aquaculture structure hydrodynamic loads hydroelasticity

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The use of mathematics in software quality assurance

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第1期6卷 3-16页

作者： david Lorge PARNAS Middle Road Software Inc. Ottawa K1V 1V5 Canada

The use of mathematics for documenting, in- specting, and testing software is explained and illus- trated. Three measures of software quality are described and discussed. Then three distinct complementary approaches to software quality assurance are presented. A case study, the testing and inspection of a safety-critical system, is discussed in detail.

关键词： software quality assurance documentationbased inspection documentation based testing

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Concept of a Pitot Tube Able to Detect Blockage by Ice, Volcanic Ash, Sand and Insects, and to Clear the Tube

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Photonic Sensors 2015年第4期5卷 298-303页

作者： david A. JACKSON School of Physical Sciences Applied Optics Groups University of Kent UK

A conceptual coaxial Pitot tube （PT） has been developed using fiber optic sensors combined with actuators to monitor and maintain its correct operation under different environmental conditions. Experiments were performed showing that the dynamic and static tubes can be cleared of ice. It was also demonstrated that the dynamic tube could be cleared of dust and sand which was not the case for the static tube in the coaxial configuration. An approach was proposed to overcome this problem involving a conventional configuration where the static tube was operated independently orthogonal to the dynamic tube, and a second set of sensors and actuators was used. Sensors and associated actuators were developed for temperature and intensity for a linear PT. The aim of this work is to propose a solution for a problem that has caused the loss of the lives of many passengers and crew of aircraft. Resources were not available to test a full implementation of a PT incorporating the proposed modifications.

关键词： Pitot tube instrumentation FBG spectrometer pressure temperature optical intensity

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