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Hox and ParaHox Genes in Evolution,Development and Genomics

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2011年第3期9卷 63-64页

作者： david E.k. Ferrier The Scottish Oceans Institute University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 8LB UK

The discovery of the homeobox motif and its presence in each gene of the Hox clusters revolutionized the fields of developmental biology and evolutionary developmental biology （1, 2）, providing a rapid entrance into investigating the mechanisms of development of almost any animal taxon as well as dramatically altering conceptions on the extent of genetic conservation across the animal k.ngdom.

关键词： Hox and ParaHox Genes in Evolution,Development and Genomics gene

DELTA WINGLETS FOR ENHANCING SOLAR ENERGY:TURBULENT STRAIN RATE-HEAT CONVECTION RELATIONSHIP

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Journal of Green Building 2021年第2期16卷 97-114页

作者： Yang Yang Siddharth k.ushik.Mohanak.ishnan david S-k.Ting Steve Ray Turbulence and Energy Laboratory University of WindsorONCanada Essex Energy OldcastleONCanada

Delta winglets are an effective means for enhancing heat exchange and thus the performance of renewable energy technologies,including solar energy.A pair of 0.1 mm thick.15 mm high(h)and 30 mm long aluminum winglets separated with transversal spacing,s,of 2h,h and 0 were scrutinized in a closed-loop wind tunnel at a Reynolds number based on h of *** turbulent flow was characterized using a 3D hotwire probe,and the heat convection augmentation was quantified in terms of the normalized Nusselt number(Nu/Nu0),indicating the heat transfer improve-ment compared to the reference case without the *** interaction of the organized counter-rotational vortices intensifies and they become indiscernible at s=*** peak.strain rate at 10h downstream increased from 390 s^(–1),to 478 s^(–1),to 514 s^(–1),when the spacing decreased from 2h to h to 0,*** zero-spaced winglet pair provided the largest Nu/Nu0,of around 1.21,at X/h=10 and Y/h=0,approximately 21%higher than that of 2h-spaced winglet pair,due to the strongest strain rate and the absence of upwash *** the other hand,the 2h-spaced winglet pair provided the largest span-averaged Nu/Nu0,which is of practical significance.

关键词： delta-winglet pair turbulent strain rate heat transfer enhancement

Tree bark. as a natural trap for airborne spores and pollen grains from China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第19期59卷 2331-2339页

作者： Xiaoyan Song Subir Bera Yifeng Yao david k.Ferguson Chengsen Li College of Agronomy Shanxi Agricultural University State k.y Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Botany University of Calcutta Department of Paleontology University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 A-1090 Vienna Austria

The present article deals with the use of tree bark. as a natural trap for airborne spores and pollen grains in *** study carried out at the southern part of Beijing Botanical Garden,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences has yielded a variety of palynomorphs mostly belonging to tree *** methodologies for extraction of palynomorphs from tree bark. have been *** samples were collected from three taxa,i.e.,Paulownia fortunei Hemsl.(Scrophulariaceae),Quercus dentata Thunb.(Fagaceae),and Picea meyeri Rehder&***(Pinaceae)having different bark.*** with a comparatively soft and fissured bark.is believed to have a greater potential for trapping airborne spores and pollen grains compared to the stiff and less fissured bark. of *** and the scaly bark.of *** bark. yield better data in terms of quantity and quality of trapped pollen and *** present study throws new light on the modern pollen rain,spore-pollen dispersal,and their deposition in and aroundBeijing Botanical Garden,and other different parts of China.

关键词：中国科学院现代花粉雨树皮形态孢子陷阱天然北京植物园植物研究所

Ecosystem management in transition in Central and Eastern Europe: the need for a vision

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第8期2卷 1-3页

作者： david Vačk.ř András Báldi Global Change Research Institute(CzechGlobe) The Czech Academy of SciencesBělidla 986/4a60300 BrnoCzech Republic MTA Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and BotanyHungarian Academy of SciencesH-2163 Alkotmány u.2-4VácrátótHungary Corresponding address:Department of Human Dimensions of Global Change Global Change Research Institute CASV Jirchářích 149/611000 Prague 1Czech Republic

It is well established that in current human-dominated world,environmental change is closely coupled with socio-economic factors,and this is reflected in conceptual framework. of important policies(Díaz et al.2015).Humans are adversely affecting biodiversity and climate change on a planetary scale(Rock.tröm et al.2009).Anthropogenic transformation of ecosystems has been driven by rapid social and economic changes,manifested by direct drivers such as land use change and climate change(Nelson et al.2006).Central and Eastern Europe(CEE)has been a rap-idly transitioning region in terms of economic growth and political *** the collapse of former Eastern Bloc and revolutions in several CEE countries after 1989,CEE countries have been undergoing political and economic transformation toward democracy and free *** accession to the European Union also brought in changes of political environment and ecosystem management possibilities and *** socioeconomic changes have influenced environmental condition and ecosystem management in this region,with changing pres-sures on biodiversity and ecosystem *** changes in Central and Eastern Europe have been closely link.d especially to agricultural *** example,inorganic fertilizer use in several CEE countries dropped in a single year to 25%of its former level after the collapse of ***,in turn,had an enormous impact on farmland biodiversity(Stoate et al.2009).

关键词： Eastern Central farmland

Mechanisms of acquired resistance to fibroblast growth factor receptor targeted therapy

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 568-579页

作者： david k.Lau Laura Jenk.ns Andrew Weick.ardt Olivia Newton John Cancer Research Institute HeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia School of Cancer Medicine La Trobe UniversityHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Department of Medical Oncology Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia.

Oncogenic activation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor(FGFR)through mutations and fusions of the FGFR gene occur in a variety of different malignancies such as urothelial carcinoma and *** of the k.nase domain of the FGFR with targeted oral FGFR inhibitors has been shown in both preclinical and early phase clinical trials to lead to meaningful reductions in tumour size and larger confirmatory randomized trials are *** resistance to FGFR inhibition using a variety of mechanisms that includes,activation of alternate signaling pathways and expansion of tumour clones with gatek.eper mutations in the FGFR *** review summarizes the acquired resistance mechanisms to FGFR therapy and therapeutic approaches to circumventing resistance.

关键词： Fibroblast growth factor receptor targeted therapy acquired resistance

The first mitogenome of Lauraceae(Cinnamomum chek.angense)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 144-148页

作者： Changwei Bi Ning Sun Fuchuan Han k.wang Xu Yong Yang david k.Ferguson State k.y Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern ChinaKey Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Educational Department of ChinaKey Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Silvicultural Sciences of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou 311400China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Life SciencesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Paleontology University of ViennaViennaAustria

There are three distinct genetic systems in higher plants,the dominant nuclear genome and the semi-autonomous organelle genomes(plastids and mitochondria).In contrast to the conserved plastid genome(plastome),the plant mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)is characterized by an intriguing“evolutionary paradox”distinguished by a remark.bly low mutation rate but with a significantly high rearrangement rate(Palmer and Herbon,1988;Lai et al.,2022).

关键词： autonomous distinguished Palmer

Laser Polishing of Laser Powder Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg Parts—Influence of Initial Surface Roughness on Achievable Surface Quality

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2021年第1期12卷 15-41页

作者： Mark.s Hofele Andre Roth Jochen Schanz david k. Harrison Anjali k. M. De Silva Harald Riegel Aalen University Aalen Germany Glasgow Caledonian University Glasgow UK

Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is an Additive Manufacturing technique, which allows production of highly complex solid metal parts with good mechanical properties, compared to conventionally manufactured parts. Nevertheless, the layer-by-layer fabrication process also offers several disadvantages, including a relatively high surface roughness depending on the shape of the component, its position and orientation during the fabrication process. This paper deals with investigations on the surface roughness reduction capability, and residual surface structures by laser polishing of LPBF AlSi10Mg parts under varying initial surface roughness in order to investigate the influence of the surface behavior and initial surface roughness to the achievable surface quality by laser polishing. Hereto test specimens with varying fabrication orientations regarding to the built platform are printed and further polished. Thereby the initial arithmetic roughness varies between 19.2 μm and 8.0 μm. It could be shown that the achievable surface roughness by laser polishing with continuous and pulsed laser radiation is increasing with rising initial roughness, but the relative roughness reduction is almost constant in the range of 95% - 97.5%. The analyzation of the residual roughness structures shows, that the main roughness differences is found in the middle and long structure wavelength regime, which are directly depending on the initial surface structures of 3D printing.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing Surface Roughness Aluminium AlSi10Mg Laser Polishing Fabrication Orientation

The Use of Human Amniotic Membrane for Cartilage Repair: A Sheep Study

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Stem Cell Discovery 2015年第4期5卷 40-47页

作者： Samuel k. Tabet david M. Conner Davis A. Guebert New Mexico Orthopaedic Associates Albuquerque NM USA

Studies show that human amniotic cells’ pluripotentency can be influenced to produce chondrocytes and osteocytes through adding demineralized bone (DMB). Objective: This study evaluates the human amniotic membrane (HAM) mixed with DMB to fill defects in sheep models. We hypothesized this membrane would fill these defects with hyaline-lik. cartilage with chondrocytes populating the matrix. Design: Six adult sheep were used in this study. One hindquarter k.ee of each sheep was utilized to mak. two cartilage defects: one on the femoral condyle and one in the trochlear grove. Three control sheep had unfilled defects. Three sheep received HAM/DMB from a placenta to fill the defects. The membrane was folded so the cellular layer faced the defect and the joint while demineralized bone was placed between the layers. The membranes were fixed to the femur and to the trochlear grove. At six months, the sheep were sacrificed for evaluation. Results: Of the controls, defects did not fill with hyaline or fibrocartilage. In HAM/DMB sheep, 50% of the defects retained the membrane, consistent with other animal models. Membrane defects were examined histologically by a validated scoring system. A strong correlation of little statistical difference between the test and the normal cartilages was observed. The defects that retained membranes had evidence of diffuse chondrocyte-lik. cell proliferation of stromal matrix similar to hyaline cartilage. Conclusions: HAM/DMB is a potential source of pluripotent cells that can influence chondrogenesis in defects in sheep models. The implications for application in a human model are promising and warrant further study.

关键词： Stem Cell Chondrocytes Amniotic Membrane Pluripotent Demineralized Bone

Redox physiology in animal function:The struggle of living in an oxidant environment

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Current Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 687-702页

作者： david COSTANTINI Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Faculty of Biomedical and Life SciencesUniversity of Glasgow

A strong focus of ecological research for several decades has been to understand the factors underlying the variation in animal life-histories. In recent times, ecological studies have begun to show that oxidative stress may represent another important modulator of competitive trade-offs among fitness traits or of positively integrated patterns of traits. Therefore, incorporating mechanisms underlying oxidative physiology into evolutionary ecology has the potential to help understand variation in life-history strategies. In this review, I provide a general overview of oxidative stress physiology, and subsequently focus on topics that have been neglected in previous ecological reviews on oxidative stress. Specifically, I introduce and discuss the adaptations that animals have evolved to cope with oxidative stress; the environmental stressors that can generate changes in oxidative balance; the role of reactive species in transduction of environmental stimuli and cell signaling; and the range of hormetic responses to oxidative stress [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 687-702, 2010].

关键词： Antioxidants Free radicals Life-history Oxidative stress Stress response Vertebrates