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Recent advances in the managements of type 2 diabetes mellitus and natural hypoglycemic substances

Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第5期11卷 1121-1133页

作者： Chong Ning Yuhan Jiao Jiaqi Wang weiwei Li Jingqiu Zhou Yi-Chieh lee Dik-Lung Ma Chung-Hang Leung Rugang Zhu Hui-Min david Wang College of Light Industry Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110036China Department of Life Sciences National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 402TaiwanChina Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloon Tong 999077Hong KongChina State Key Laboratoryof Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 402TaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung City 807TaiwanChina Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology China Medical UniversityTaichung City 404TaiwanChina

Diabetes has become a global concern at present,among which type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)accounts for approximately 90%-95%of patients.T2DM is a type of metabolic disorder syndrome that results from a genetic defect,and it is based on insulin resistance and an insulin secretion *** occurrence of T2DM is usually the outcome of both genetic and environmental factors and their *** etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes have not been fully elucidated,and no radical therapeutic cure has been *** with T2DM suffer from complications such as the development of a chronic hyperglycemic condition and even serious metabolic disorders and organ damage in the body and depression and dementia,in addition to other chronic *** studies have suggested that diet is crucial in the development of diabetes and the control of blood *** substances have the characteristics of low toxicity and few side effects and may be key to the development of diabetic health products and preventive *** paper reviews the etiology,pathogenesis,risks,treatments and diets related to T2DM to summarize the types of recently available natural products,from both local and foreign sources,for lowering blood glucose at home and their application in supplementary hypoglycemic *** key findings and conclusions suggest that there are various known T2DM-inducing factors,including genetic and environmental factors and three types of hybrid factors.

关键词： Obesity Type 2 diabetes mellitus Etiological agent Diet Insulin resistance Natural substances

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Compact nano-void spectrometer based on a stable engineered scattering system

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Photonics Research 2022年第10期10卷 2328-2336页

作者： QI SUN PRZEMYSLAW FALAK TOM VETTENBURG TIMOTHY lee david BPHILLIPS GILBERTO BRAMBILLA MARTYNAS BERESNA Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK University of Dundee NethergateDundeeDD14HNUK University of Exeter ExeterEX44QLUK

Random scattering of light in disordered media can be used for highly sensitive speckle-based wavemeters and spectrometers. However, the multiple scattering events that fold long optical paths within a compact space also make such devices exceedingly sensitive to vibrations and small disturbances to the disordered media. Here, we show how scattering can be engineered so that it can be used for a compact computational spectrometer that is largely insensitive to environmental factors. We designed and fabricated a three-dimensional pseudo-random nano-void pattern with 62% scattering efficiency. The controlled amount of multiple scattering ensured a sufficiently long optical path for the target resolution of 100 pm, with optimal long-term stability. The 200-μm-thick scattering silica substrate was integrated in a compact assembly with a low-cost camera sensor. The target resolution was achieved for full spectrum measurements while single wavelengths could be determined with 50 pm resolution. Such tailored scattering systems can improve the trade-off among cost, size, stability, and spectral resolution in computational spectrometers.

关键词： stability disordered exceeding

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The involvement of interleukin-22 in the expression of pancreatic beta cell regenerative Reg genes

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Cell Regeneration 2013年第1期2卷 7-17页

作者： Thomas Hill Olga Krougly Enayat Nikoopour Stacey Bellemore Edwin lee-Chan Lynette A Fouser david J Hill Bhagirath Singh Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Inflammation and Immunology Biotherapeutics Research and DevelopmentPfizerCambridgeMA 02140USA Department of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Lawson Health Research Institute LondonONCanada Centre for Human Immunology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Robarts Research Institute University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada

Background:In Type 1 diabetes,the insulin-producingβ-cells within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are *** showed previously that immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)or complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)of non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice can prevent disease process and pancreaticβ-cell *** was associated with increased islet Regenerating(Reg)genes expression,and elevated IL-22-producing Th17 T-cells in the ***:We hypothesized that IL-22 was responsible for the increased Reg gene expression in the *** therefore quantified the Reg1,Reg2,and Reg3δ(INGAP)mRNA expression in isolated pre-diabetic NOD islets treated with *** measured IL-22,and IL-22 receptor(R)-αmRNA expression in the pancreas and spleen of pre-diabetic and diabetic NOD *** results showed:1)Reg1 and Reg2 mRNA abundance to be significantly increased in IL-22-treated islets in vitro;2)IL-22 mRNA expression in the pre-diabetic mouse pancreas increased with time following CFA treatment;3)a reduced expression of IL-22Rαfollowing CFA treatment;4)a down-regulation in Reg1 and Reg2 mRNA expression in the pancreas of pre-diabetic mice injected with an IL-22 neutralizing antibody;and 5)an increased isletβ-cell DNA synthesis in vitro in the presence of ***:We conclude that IL-22 may contribute to the regeneration ofβ-cells by up-regulating Regenerating Reg1 and Reg2 genes in the islets.

关键词： Adjuvant immunotherapy Interleukin-22 Regenerating(Reg)genes Beta-cell regeneration Type 1 diabetes

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Reshaping Tribal Road Network Using Public Information

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第6期6卷 594-604页

作者： Jaesung Choi EunSu lee david C. Roberts Transportation and Logistics Program North Dakota State University Fargo USA Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University Fargo USA Department of Agribusiness & Applied Economics North Dakota State University Fargo USA

The area with the fastest growing Native American population in North Dakota is the Fort Berthold Reservation. State and federal road information available to the public is not identical in terms of the number of physical road segments or in the attribute information provided for the road network. In this study we develop: 1) a navigable road network achieved by improving connectivity among road segments, updating road information, and making a comprehensive network;and 2) a standard process for integrating the state and federal local road information. The standard process broadly consists of three Parts: 1) combining road segments from each source;2) providing legitimacy to snapping distance;and 3) performing a snapping based on the result of Part 2 to connect those road segments, which remained unconnected from Part 1. The findings show that data on local roads on the Fort Berthold Reservation from the two different sources are joined through the standard process, and the process saves considerable time and resources required for fixing the road network. The standard process that has been developed here can be applied to a variety of other Indian road information integration projects to join not only physical road segments, but also plural attribute information. The process will also be useful for a variety of other projects integrating road information, which is available to the public, in order to overcome financial and time limitations.

关键词： GIS Standard Process Tribal Roads Geoprocessing Topology Error Error Inspection

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Forecasting Oil Production in North Dakota Using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (S-ARIMA)

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Natural Resources 2015年第1期6卷 16-26页

作者： Jaesung Choi david C. Roberts EunSu lee Transportation and Logistics Program North Dakota State University Fargo USA Department of Agribusiness & Applied Economics North Dakota State University Fargo USA Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University Fargo USA

North Dakota’s oil production has been rapidly increasing during the past several years. The state’s oil production in March 2013 even increased to more than twice the quantity produced in March 2011, and the estimated Bakken Formation reserves were reported very large compared with those of the United Arab Emirates. It eventually makes a question to us of how much oil will be able to be actually extracted with currently available technologies. To answer this question, this paper forecasts future oil development trend in North Dakota using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (S-ARIMA) model. Nonstationarity derived from a stochastic trend and the abrupt structural change of oil industry was a big potential problem, but through the Quandt Likelihood Ratio test, we found break points, which allowed us to select a model fitting period suitable for the S-ARIMA method to provide accurate statistical inference for the historical period. The seven major oil producing counties were investigated to determine whether the current oil boom was consistent across all oil fields in North Dakota. Empirical estimates show that North Dakota’s oil production will be more than double in the next five years. What we can predict with great certainty is that North Dakota’s influence over domestic and global oil supply systems will increase in the near future, especially over the next five to six years. This is good news for those who are concerned about domestic energy security in the USA.

关键词： Bakken Formation Forecasting North Dakota Oil S-ARIMA

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Detection of genotypic clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori by string tests

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3343-3349页

作者： Jeng-Yih Wu Sophie S W Wang Yi-Chern lee Yoshio Yamaoka david Y Graham Chang-Ming Jan Wen-Ming Wang Deng-Chyang Wu Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineCollege of MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Medicine Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine Division of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang HospitalKaohsiung Medical University

AIM: To evaluate the utility of the string test to detect genotypic clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori String test Clarithromycin resistance Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism

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Advanced bioactive glue tethering Lubricin/PRG4 to promote integrated healing of avascular meniscus tears

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第10期28卷 61-73页

作者： Solaiman Tarafder Jaskirti Ghataure david Langford Rachel Brooke Ryunhyung Kim Samantha Lewis Eyen Julian Bensadoun Jeffrey T.Felix James L.Cook Chang H.lee Regenerative Engineering Laboratory Columbia University Medical Center630 W.168 St.-VC12-212New YorkNY10032USA Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics Missouri Orthopedic InstituteUniversity of Missouri1100 Virginia AvenueColumbi1MO65212USA

Meniscus injuries are extremely common with approximately one million patients undergoing surgical treatment annually in the U.S. alone, but no regenerative therapy exist. Previously, we showed that controlled applications of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) via fibrin-based bio-glue facilitate meniscus healing by inducing recruitment and stepwise differentiation of synovial mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells. Here, we first explored the potential of genipin, a natural crosslinker, to enhance fibrin-based glue’s mechanical and degradation properties. In parallel, we identified the harmful effects of lubricin on meniscus healing and investigated the mechanism of lubricin deposition on the injured meniscus surface. We found that the pre-deposition of hyaluronic acid (HA) on the torn meniscus surface mediates lubricin deposition. Then we implemented chemical modifications with heparin conjugation and CD44 on our bioactive glue to achieve strong initial bonding and integration of lubricin pre-coated meniscal tissues. Our data suggested that heparin conjugation significantly enhances lubricin-coated meniscal tissues. Similarly, CD44, exhibiting a strong binding affinity to lubricin and hyaluronic acid (HA), further improved the integrated healing of HA/lubricin pre-coated meniscus injuries. These findings may represent an important foundation for developing a translational bio-active glue guiding the regenerative healing of meniscus injuries.

关键词： Knee meniscus Bioactive glue Stem cell recruitment Lubricin

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Productivity Growth in the Transportation Industries in the United States: An Application of the DEA Malmquist Productivity Index

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American Journal of Operations Research 2015年第1期5卷 1-20页

作者： Jaesung Choi david C. Roberts EunSu lee Transportation and Logistics Program North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Department of Agribusiness & Applied Economics North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA

This study reviews productivity growth in the five major transportation industries in the United States (airline, truck, rail, pipeline, and water) and the pooled transportation industry from 2004 to 2011. We measure the average productivity for these eight years by state in each transportation industry and the annual average productivity by transportation industry. The major findings are that the U.S. transportation industry shows strong and positive productivity growth except that in the years of the global financial crisis in 2007, 2008, and 2010, and among the five transportation industries, the rail and water sectors show the highest productivity growth in 2011.

关键词： DEA Malmquist Productivity Index Productivity Growth U.S. Transportation Industry

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Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes Associated with <i>Clostridium difficile</i>Associated Diarrhea in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2014年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： david B. Huang Han lee Tom Chiang Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven USA Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark USA

We conducted a study to assess the characteristics, treatment and outcomes associated with Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Fifty-eight consecutive individual cases of C. difficile infection in 2013 were observed within the Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System (VA NJHCS). We molecularly typed all 58 individual strains and identified the associated characteristics, treatment and outcomes. Forty-four out of 58 specimens (76%) which were probed had characteristics of the epidemic strain BI/NAP1/027 making this virulent strain to be the predominate strain at the VA NJHCS. All C. difficile BI/NAP1/027 strains were resistant to fluoroquinolones and sensitive to fidaxomicin, metronidazole and vancomycin. Fidaxomicin had the most potent in vitro activity (MIC90 = 0.5 μg/ml) against the BI/NAP1/027 strain. Twenty-six of 44 patients (59%) with the virulent strain were from a long-term care facility (LTCF). Patients possessing the virulent strain from the LTCF had a mean APACHE II score of 14.1 and a predicted death rate of 21.9%. Two-third of patients were treated with metronidazole alone (mean APACHE II scores 9.6), and one-third required oral vancomycin and metronidazole (mean APACHE II scores 14.1). There were no C. difficile infection related deaths. C. difficile BI/NAP1/027, an epidemic strain, is the endemic strain at the VA NJHCS, but no increased mortality was seen with infection with this strain.

关键词： Clostridium difficile BI/NAP1/027 Treatment Outcomes

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Dissolved organic matter tracers reveal contrasting characteristics across high arsenic aquifers in Cambodia:A fluorescence spectroscopy study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1653-1667页

作者： Laura A. Richards Dan J. Lapworth Daniel Magnone Daren C. Gooddy lee Chambers Peter J. Williams Bart E. van Dongen david A. Polya School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science The University of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK British Geological Survey Maclean BuildingWallingfordOxfordshireOX10 8BBUK Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA1 4YQUK Present address: School of Geography University of LincolnBrayford PoolLincolnLincolnshireLN6 7 TSUK Present address: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of StrathclydeGlasgow G1 1XJUK

Organic matter in the environment is involved in many biogeochemical processes,including the mobilization of geogenic trace elements,such as arsenic,into *** this paper we present the use of fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool in heavily arsenicaffected groundwaters in Kandal Province,*** fluorescence DOM (fDOM) characteristics between contrasting field areas of differing dominant lithologies were compared and linked to other hydrogeochemical parameters,including arsenic and dissolved methane as well as selected sedimentary ***-corrected fluorescence indices were used to characterize depth profiles and compare field *** fDOM was generally dominated by terrestrial humic and fulvic-like components,with relatively small contributions from microbially-derived,tryptophan-like *** fDOM from sand-dominated sequences typically contained lower tryptophan-like,lower fulvic-like and lower humic-like components,was less bioavailable,and had higher humification index than clay-dominated *** concentrations were strongly correlated with fDOM bioavailability as well as with tryptophan-like components,suggesting that groundwater methane in these arsenic-prone aquifers is likely of biogenic origin.A comparison of fDOM tracers with sedimentary OM tracers is consistent with the hypothesis that external,surface-derived contributions to the aqueous DOM pool are an important control on groundwater hydrogeochemistry.

关键词： Arsenic Fluorescence spectroscopy Organic matter characterization Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) Groundwater quality

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