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Risk of post-operative complications associated with anti-tNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第3期18卷 197-204页

作者： tauseef Ali Laura Yun david t rubin University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center & VA Medical Center. Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition University of Chicago Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center

there have been increasing concerns regarding the safety of perioperative anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-tNF) α agents. We performed a literature review to evaluate the post-operative complications associated with perioperative anti-tNF use in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. A comprehensive review was performed with a literature search utilizing Pub Med, Cochrane, OVID and EMBASE databases according to published guidelines. to date, there are only data for infliximab. there are three published studies which have assessed post-operative complications with perioperative infliximab use in patients with Crohn' s disease (CD), four studies in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and one study on both CD and UC patients. two out of the three studies in CD patients showed no increased post-operative complications associated with perioperative infliximab. two out of four studies in UC patients also did not show an increase in post-operative complications, and the combined study with CD and UC patients did not show an increased risk as well. Studyresults could not be combined secondary to significant differences in study designs, patient population and definition of their endpoints. there appears to be a risk of post-operative complications associated with tNF therapy in some patients. Based on these data, careful patient selection and prospective data collection should be performed.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Colectomy Post-operative complications

Evolving role of endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease:Going beyond diagnosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第20期27卷 2521-2530页

作者： Paulina Núñez F Noa Krugliak Cleveland Rodrigo Quera david t rubin Department of Gastroenterology Inflammatory Bowel Disease ProgramClinica Universidad de los AndesSantiago 7620157RMChile Department of Gastroenterology Hospital San Juan de DiosSantiago 8350488RMChile University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center ChicagoIL 60637United States

Inflammatory bowel disease,encompassing Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis,are chronic immune-mediated inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)that primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract with periods of activity and *** body of evidence exist to strengthen the prognostic role of endoscopic evaluation for both disease activity and severity and it remains the gold standard for the assessment of mucosal *** healing has been associated with improved clinical outcomes with prolonged remission,decreased hospitalization,IBD-related surgeries and colorectal cancer ***,endoscopic objectives in IBD have been incorporated as part of standard *** the known increased risk of colorectal cancer in IBD,although prevention strategies continue to develop,regular surveillance for early detection of neoplasia continue to be paramount in IBD patients’*** is thanks to evolving technology and visualization techniques that surveillance strategies are continuously *** endoscopic options in IBD have also been expanding,from surgery sparing therapies such as balloon dilation of fibrostenotic strictures in CD to endoscopic mucosal resection of neoplastic *** this review article,we discuss the current evidence on the use of endoscopy as part of standard of care of IBD,its role in surveillance of neoplasia,and the role of interventional endoscopic therapies.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Endoscopy Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis therapeutic endoscopy Surveillance

Endoscopic colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: Considerations that we must not forget

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2022年第2期14卷 85-95页

作者： Paulina Núñez F Rodrigo Quera david t rubin Universidad de los Andes Digestive Disease CenterInflammatory Bowel Disease ProgramClinicaSantiago 7620157RMChile Department of Gastroenterology Hospital San Juan de Dios.Universidad de ChileSantiago 7701230RMChile Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by periods of activity and *** inflammatory activity of the disease involving the colon and rectum increases the risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)over the *** prevention strategies are evolving,regular surveillance for early detection of neoplasia as a secondary prevention strategy is paramount in the care of IBD *** this review article,we discuss the current evidence of the risks of developing CRC and evaluate the best available strategies for screening and surveillance,as well as future opportunities for cancer prevention.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Endoscopy Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Surveillance Colorectal cancer

Efficacy of various endoscopic modalities in detecting dysplasia in ulcerative colitis:A systematic review and network meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2020年第5期12卷 159-171页

作者： Bilal Gondal Haider Haider Yuga Komaki Fukiko Komaki Dejan Micic david t rubin Atsushi Sakuraba Section of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineThe University of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637United States Section of Gastroenterology Carle HospitalUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801United States Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima 890-8544Japan

BACKGROUND Longstanding ulcerative colitis(UC)is associated with an increased risk of colonic *** endoscopic modalities,such as chromoendoscopy(CE),narrow band imaging(NBI)and random biopsy have been introduced for surveillance,however,there exists a paucity of direct comparisons between *** aimed to conduct a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCts)performed for surveillance of neoplasia in *** to provide a comparative evaluation of the efficacy of the above-mentioned various *** We searched MEDLINE/PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Registry through May 2016 for RCts evaluating the efficacy of endoscopic modalities for surveillance of neoplasia in *** primary outcomes of interest were dysplasia(low-or high-grade)detection rates per biopsy and per patient,and dysplasia numbers per *** were simultaneously analyzed using a random-effects network meta-analysis under the Bayesian framework to identify the modality with the highest dysplasia detection *** best ranking probability for the dysplasia detection rate was analyzed by surface under the cumulative ranking(SUCRA)*** Six prospective RCts of a total 1038 patients were *** identified 4 different modalities;white light(WL)high definition(HD)or standard definition(SD),CE HD,and NBI *** dysplasia per biopsy,direct meta-analysis showed superiority of NBI HD over WL HD and CE HD over WL *** meta-analysis demonstrated the rank order of best modality as NBI HD,CE HD,WL HD and WL SD with close SUCRA scores of the first *** dysplasia per patient,direct meta-analyses showed equivocal results between each *** meta-analysis demonstrated the rank order of best modality as WL HD,NBI HD,CE HD and WL SD with small differences of the SUCRA score among the first *** dysplasia numbers per patient,direct meta-analysis showed superiority of CE HD over WL *** meta-analysis

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Surveillance Dysplasia Network meta-analysis Endoscopy

Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： david A.t.Harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals manufacturing： the case study of Houston, texas, USA

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 293-304页

作者： david t. Allen University of texas Austin Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Energy and Environmental Resources Austin TX 78759 USA

In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies （the texas Air Quality Studies or texAQS I and II） were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. the texas Air Quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Under- standing and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. these coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. the lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

Regulation of proprietary traditional Chinese medicines in Australia

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第1期15卷 12-14页

作者： david t. Graham ISO technical committee 249 (1SO/tC 249) 7-C Shuguang Building 189 Pu 'an Road Shanghai 200021 China

this review article describes the regulation of proprietary Chinese medicines for the Australian market, which may permit many medicines used in traditional Chinese Medicine to have a simplified process of market acce... 详细信息

关键词： Regulation Australia Chinese medicines

Influence of incubation temperature on sea turtle hatchling quality

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 352-360页

作者： david t.BOOtH School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia

Since the 1980s it has been known that incubation temperature influences the sex ratio of sea turtle hatchlings emerging from their nests,and there has been much speculation on how global climate change might threaten sea turtle populations by raising nest temperatures and causing highly female-biased hatchling sex *** recently,studies have indicated that incubation temperature can also influence the size and locomotor performance of sea turtle *** I review recent studies that have explored the influence of incubation temperature on sea turtle hatchling quality in terms of hatchling morphology and locomotor performance.I also discuss the likely underlying mechanisms responsible for incubation temperature-induced differences in hatchling locomotor performance,and how an increase in nest temperature associated with global warming might affect recruitment of sea turtle hatchlings.

关键词： locomotor performance nest temperature phenotype sea turtle hatchling

Public Risk Perception Attitude and Information-Seeking Efficacy on Floods:A Formative Study for Disaster Preparation Campaigns and Policies

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 592-601页

作者： Do Kyun david Kim t.Phillip Madison Department of Communication University of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayette.LA 70503USA

Floods are among the most frequent and devastating natural hazards and disasters in many southern states in the United *** study examined the relationship and reciprocal predictability between two theoretical constructs-risk perception attitude(RPA)and informationseeking efficacy(ISE)——in regard to pluvial *** addition,this study extended these theoretical constructs to investigate differences in RPA and ISE among potential audience segments,providing practitioners with applicable insights for designing effective flood prevention and risk management *** of data from 716 residents in south Louisiana revealed a statistically strong relationship between RPA and *** research also identified specific audience segments that would benefit from an increase in RPA and ISE concerning *** meaningful findings infonn a discussion of the theoretical and practical implications of the relationship between RPA and ISE and guide future disaster preparation campaigns and policies.

关键词： Communication campaign Disaster preparation Flood victims Information-seeking efficacy Pluvial flood Risk perception attitude