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Agriculture Green Development in China and the UK: common objectives and converging policy pathways

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 98-105页

作者： Yuelai LU david NORSE david powlson School of International Development University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUK Institute of Sustainable Resources University College LondonLondonWC1H ONNUK Department of Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenAL52JQUK

This paper has three ***,to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holistic green development ***,to explore the policy objectives they have in ***,to assess the numerous opportunities for joint research and knowledge sharing through the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network and other existing institutional *** intensification of agricultural production in the UK started several decades earlier than in China as did the negative environmental consequences of the farm ***,their strategies and policies for sustainable intensification and green development have much in *** are set out in two main documents:the Chinese State Council guidelines for green agriculture and the UK Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs 25 Year Environment *** are substantial mutual advantages from greater collaboration on problem identification and monitoring;the development of appropriate technological and management responses and the formulation of sound *** achieve this potential,it is recommended that further thought be given to how best to bring together all of the key stakeholders along the whole food chain.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development China policy UK

土壤硝酸盐试纸条-反射仪测定法存在问题及其解决方案

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西北农业学报 2011年第3期20卷 109-114页

作者：王芳高鹏程同延安张树兰张恒 LU Yuelai david powlson 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院陕西杨凌712100 东安吉利亚大学英国洛桑试验站英国

针对浸提方法影响硝酸盐试纸条-反射仪法结果的问题,选择陕西关中的土娄土和渭南的黑垆土为供试材料,通过室内对比试验,对土壤硝酸盐浸提剂、振荡与沉淀时间及水土质量比等因素进行优化。结果表明,浸提剂类型、振荡与静置时间均对试纸条... 详细信息

针对浸提方法影响硝酸盐试纸条-反射仪法结果的问题,选择陕西关中的土娄土和渭南的黑垆土为供试材料,通过室内对比试验,对土壤硝酸盐浸提剂、振荡与沉淀时间及水土质量比等因素进行优化。结果表明,浸提剂类型、振荡与静置时间均对试纸条-反射仪法的土壤硝酸盐测试结果产生较大影响,而水土质量比对测定结果无显著影响,最终确定利用饱和硫酸钙作为浸提剂、振荡10 min、静置5 min为最佳前处理方法,在此条件下,硝酸盐试纸条-反射仪法测试结果准确,测试效率高。

关键词：硝酸盐试纸条-反射仪测定条件影响因素

PROGRESS ON IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY: UK−CHINA VIRTUAL JOINT CENTERS ON NITROGEN AGRONOMY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 475-489页

作者： Tom MISSELBROOK Zhaohai BAI Zejiang CAI Weidong CAO Alison CARSWELL Nicholas COWAN Zhenling CUI david RCHADWICK Bridget EMMETT Keith GOULDING Rui JIANG Davey LJONES Xiaotang JU Hongbin LIU Yuelai LU Lin MA david powlson Robert MREES Ute SKIBA Pete SMITH Roger SYLVESTER-BRADLEY John WILLIAMS Lianhai WU Minggang XU Wen XU Fusuo ZHANG Junling ZHANG Jianbin ZHOU Xuejun LIU Rothamsted Research North WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Center for Agricultural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station Yongzhou 426182China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikMidlothian EH260QBUK College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bangor LL572UWUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL52JQUK College of Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of International Development University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolk NR47TJUK Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) West Mains RoadEdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243FXUK ADAS Boxworth Battlegate RoadBoxworthCambridge CB234NNUK.

Two virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy were established between the UK and China to facilitate collaborative research aimed at improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in agricultural production systems and reducing losses of reactive N to the *** focus areas were improving fertilizer NUE,use of livestock manures,soil health,and policy development and knowledge *** to fertilizer NUE included attention to application rate in the context of yield potential and economic considerations and the potential of improved practices including enhanced efficiency fertilizers,plastic film mulching and cropping *** utilization of livestock manures requires knowledge of the available nutrient content,appropriate manure processing technologies and integrated nutrient management *** carbon,acidification and biodiversity were considered as important aspects of soil *** centers identified a range of potential actions that could be taken to improve N management,and the research conducted has highlighted the importance of developing a systemslevel approach to assessing improvement in the overall efficiency of N management and avoiding unintended secondary effects from individual *** this context,the management of fertilizer emissions and livestock manure at the farm and regional scales appear to be particularly important targets for mitigation.

关键词： CINAg N-CIRCLE nitrogen use efficiency reactive nitrogen sustainable production

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减氮施肥推广技术在陕西的实践

陕西农业科学 2010年第1期56卷 135-138,141页

作者：高鹏程同延安张树兰张恒 Lu Yuelai david powlson 西北农林科技大学理学院陕西杨凌712100 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院陕西杨凌712100 University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ United Kingdom Rothamsted Research Harpenden Herts AL52JQ United Kingdom

氮素面源污染是中国最为严重的环境问题之一,过量使用氮肥是土壤氮素面源污染的主要原因。作为一项利于资源和环境的农业生产技术,减氮施肥的效果虽然在试验和示范中不断被验证,然而由于常规推广方法的局限性,这一技术并没有为广大农户... 详细信息

氮素面源污染是中国最为严重的环境问题之一,过量使用氮肥是土壤氮素面源污染的主要原因。作为一项利于资源和环境的农业生产技术,减氮施肥的效果虽然在试验和示范中不断被验证,然而由于常规推广方法的局限性,这一技术并没有为广大农户所采用。通过调查分析农民过量施肥发生的原因,有针对性地为农民提供多样化的培训活动,使得农民充分了解氮肥相关知识以及过量使用氮肥对环境的负面影响,同时开展由农民主导的减氮施肥试验示范,结合氮素速测仪测定播前土壤氮素含量,帮助农民制定出合理氮肥用量,此外,利用村内能人的带动作用以及农民专业协会的网络功能,推动减氮施肥技术在农民群众间的扩散,使其成为农民生产中的自觉行为。

关键词：面源污染减氮施肥技术推广方法

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麦秆还田对冬小麦吸收氮肥的影响

麦类作物学报 1986年第3期 41-41页

作者： david S.powlson ,陈其本

目前,英国生产的禾谷类秸秆仅有2%返回土壤,大多数被烧毁或搬出田间.由于焚烧秸秆影响环境,秸秆还田必将得到更加广泛的应用.麦秆的含氮量低于它被微生物分解时所需要的氮,因而,必然从土壤中吸收无机氮.本试验目的,一是了解麦秆分解时... 详细信息

目前,英国生产的禾谷类秸秆仅有2%返回土壤,大多数被烧毁或搬出田间.由于焚烧秸秆影响环境,秸秆还田必将得到更加广泛的应用.麦秆的含氮量低于它被微生物分解时所需要的氮,因而,必然从土壤中吸收无机氮.本试验目的,一是了解麦秆分解时固定的无机氮对连作冬小麦吸收氮肥的影响;二是了解还田麦秆所含氮素有多少被连茬小麦吸收.试验在英国Rothamsted农试站的粉砂粘

关键词：麦秆含氮量冬小麦冬麦原子百分超原子%超

玉米对15N 标记棉隆、15N 标记肥料以及对土壤微生物体中氮的吸收

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园艺与种苗 1990年第1期 25-29页

作者： M.Chabrol D.powlson 傅景昌

农业和园艺上利用广谱杀虫剂,包括各种熏蒸剂来控制土生病原菌。但经常发现在没有发生病虫害时,这些药剂和其它灭菌处理也能促进植株的生长。最近一些田间试验观察到,土壤杀虫剂棉隆使玉米5年平均增产19%(Bar-nard 等,1982)。棉隆在土... 详细信息

农业和园艺上利用广谱杀虫剂,包括各种熏蒸剂来控制土生病原菌。但经常发现在没有发生病虫害时,这些药剂和其它灭菌处理也能促进植株的生长。最近一些田间试验观察到,土壤杀虫剂棉隆使玉米5年平均增产19%(Bar-nard 等,1982)。棉隆在土壤中分解成甲基异硫氢酸盐,

关键词：棉隆对照区微生物体标准区玉米