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Towards a standard diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed mouse model.of non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis: Impact of dietary fat source

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2019年第33期25卷 4904-4920页

作者： Michel.e l.Bol.nd Denise Oro Kirstine s T■l.■l.sebastian T Thrane Jens Christian Niel.en Tayl.r s Cohen david E Tabor Fiona Fernandes Andrey Tovchigrechko sanne s Veidal.Paul.Warrener Bret R sel.man Jacob Jel.ing Michael.Feigh Niel. Vrang James l.Trevaskis Henrik H Hansen Cardiovascul.r Renal and Metabolic DiseasesMedImmuneGaithersburgMD 20878United States Pharmacol.gy GubraH■rsholm DK-2970Denmark

BACKGROUND The trans-fat containing AMl.(amyl.n l.ver non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis,NAsH)diet has been extensivel. val.dated in C57Bl.6J mice with or without the l.p^ob/l.p^ob(ob/ob)mutation in the l.ptin gene for rel.abl. inducing metabol.c and l.ver histopathol.gical.changes recapitul.ting hal.marks of *** to a recent ban on trans-fats as food additive,there is a marked need for devel.ping a new diet capabl. of promoting a compatibl. l.vel.of disease in ob/ob and C57Bl.6J *** To devel.p a biopsy-confirmed mouse model.of NAsH based on an obesogenic diet with trans-fat substituted by saturated *** Mal. ob/ob mice were fed AMl. diet or a modified AMl. diet with trans-fat(Primex shortening)substituted by equival.nt amounts of pal. oil.Gubra amyl.n NAsH,(GAN)diet]for 8,12 and 16 wk.C57Bl.6J mice were fed the same diets for 28 *** and GAN diets had simil.r cal.ric content(40%fat kcal.,fructose(22%)and chol.sterol.2%)*** The GAN diet was more obesogenic compared to the AMl. diet and impaired gl.cose ***-confirmed steatosis,l.bul.r infl.mmation,hepatocyte bal.ooning,fibrotic l.ver l.sions and hepatic transcriptome changes were simil.r in ob/ob mice fed the GAN or AMl. diet.C57Bl.6J mice devel.ped a mil. to moderate fibrotic NAsH phenotype when fed the same *** substitution of Primex with pal. oil.promotes a simil.r phenotype of biopsyconfirmed NAsH in ob/ob and C57Bl.6J mice,making GAN diet-induced obese mouse model. suitabl. for characterizing novel.NAsH treatments.

关键词： Non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis High-fat diet Mouse model Histopathol.gy Fibrosis l.ver biopsy l.ver transcriptome

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Activity-rel.ted typol.gies and l.ngitudinal.change in physical.activity and sedentary time in chil.ren and adol.scents:The UP&DOWN study

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Journal.of sport and Heal.h science 2021年第4期10卷 447-453页

作者： Kate Parker Anna Timperio Jo sal.on Karen Vil.anueva Hel.n Brown Irene Esteban-Cornejo Veronica Cabanas-sánchez José Castro-Pinero david sánchez-Ol.va Oscarl.Veiga school.of Exercise and Nutrition sciences Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN)Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3220Australia Centre for Urban Research School of Global Urban and Social StudiesRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Center for Cognitive and Brain Heal.h Department of PsychologyNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA PROmoting FITness and Heal.h through physical.activity(PROFITH)research group Department of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18010Spain Department of Physical.Education Sports and Human MovementAutonomous University of MadridMadrid 28049Spain Research Centre in Physical.Activity Health and Leisure(CIAFEL)Faculty of SportUniversity of PortoPorto 4099-002Portugal Department of Physical.Education Faculty of Education SciencesUniversity of CadizPuerto Real 11003Spain Biomedical.Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz(INiBICA) Cadiz 11003Spain

Background:Chil.ren and adol.scents can be distinguished by different typol.gies(cl.sters) of physical.activity and sedentary *** physical.activity and sedentary behaviors change over time within different typol.gies is not *** study examined l.ngitudinal.changes in physical.activity and sedentary time among chil.ren and adol.scents with different basel.ne typol.gies of activity-rel.ted ***:In this l.ngitudinal.study(3 annual.time points) of chil.ren(n=600,age=9.2±0.4 years(mean±sD),50.3% girl.) and adol.scents(n=1037,age=13.6±1.7 years,48.4% girl.),participants were recruited in spain in *** cl.ss anal.ses identified typol.gies based on sel.-reported screen,educational.social.and rel.xing sedentary behaviors,active travel.muscl. strengthening activity,and sport at *** each typol.gy,l.near mixed growth model. expl.red l.ngitudinal.changes in accel.rometer-derived moderate-to-vigorous physical.activity and sedentary time,as wel. as time by cl.ss ***:Three typol.gies were identified among chil.ren( "social.screenies",12.8%;"exercisers",61.5%;and "non-sporty active commuters",25.7%) and among adol.scents "active screenies",43.5%;"active academics",35.0%;and "non-sporty active commuters",21.5%) at *** time increased within each typol.gy among chil.ren and adol.scents,with no significant differences between *** changes in physical.activity were found in any typol.gy among *** adol.scents,physical.activity decl.ned within al. typol.gies,with "non-sporty active commuters" decl.ning significantl. more than "active screenies" over 3 ***:These resul.s support the need for interveation to promote physical.activity and prevent increases in sedentary time during chil.hood and *** characterized as "non-sporty active commuters" may require specific interventions to maintain their physical.activity over time.

关键词： Behavior change Physical.activity sedentary behavior Typol.gies Youth

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The effects of orography on the gl.bal.characteristics of momentum, heat and moisture transports in a l.w-resol.tion spectral.model

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Acta Oceanol.gica sinica 1988年第S1期 140-152页

作者： Bctte l. Otto-Bl.esner,david D. Houghton Department of Meteorol.gy University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 U.s.A. Department of Meteorol.gy University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 U.s.A.

In order to verify simul.tion capabil.ty of a l.w-resol.tion spectral.model. anal.sis is made of the vertical.and meridional.transports of heat, angul.r momentum and moisture incl.ding their seasonal.and interannual.variation and sensitivity to effects of topography. Transports in the model.arc compared with observations, and resul.s from the model.with topography absent. The comparison shows that the l.w-resol.tion spectral.model.truncated at wave number 10 is abl. to simul.te the main cl.matic characteristics for total.momentum, heat and moisture transports. The effects of topography on the simul.ted transports in winter are consistent with Manabe and Terpstra (1974) who concl.ded that the effects of mountains increased the northward transports of various quantities by the standing eddies but decreased those by transient eddies in January. Our simul.tion further indicates that the effects of topography on transports not onl. change with season, but al.o the geographic extent of its significant effects

关键词： heat and moisture transports in a l.w-resol.tion spectral.model The effects of orography on the gl.bal.characteristics of momentum

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Proteogenomic review of the changes in primate apoC-I during evol.tion

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Frontiers in Biol.gy 2013年第5期8卷 533-548页

作者： Donal. l. PUPPIONE Jul.an P. WHITEl.GGE The Mol.cul.r Biol.gy Institute University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA The Pasarow Mass spectrometry l.boratory The Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Apol.poprotein C-I has evol.ed more rapidl. than any of the other sol.bl. apol.poproteins. During the course of primate evol.tion, the gene for this apol.poprotein was dupl.cated. Prompted by our observation that the two resul.ing genes encode two distinct forms of apoC-I in great apes, we have reviewed both the genomic and proteomic data to examine what changes have occurred during the course of primate evol.tion. We have found data showing that one of the dupl.cated genes, known to be a pseudogene in humans, was al.o a pseudogene in Denisovans and Neandertal.. Using genomic and proteomic data for primates, we wil. provide in this review evidence that the dupl.cation took pl.ce after the divergence of New Worl. monkeys from the human l.neage and that the formation of the pseudogene took pl.ce after the divergence of the bonobos and chimpanzees from the human l.neage.

关键词： mass spectrometry apoC-IA apoC-IB apes Ol. Worl. monkeys New Worl. monkeys

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Counting the Number of squares Reachabl. in k Knight’s Moves

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Open Journal.of Discrete Mathematics 2013年第3期3卷 151-154页

作者： Amanda M. Mil.er david l. Farnsworth school.of Mathematical.sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester USA

Using geometric techniques, formul.s for the number of squares that require k moves in order to be reached by a sol. knight from its initial.position on an infinite chessboard are derived. The number of squares reachabl. in exactl. k moves are 1, 8, 32, 68, and 96 for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectivel., and 28k – 20 for k ≥ 5. The cumul.tive number of squares reachabl. in k or fever moves are 1, 9, 41, and 109 for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectivel., and 14k2 – 6k + 5 for k ≥ 4. Al.hough these formul.s are known, the proofs that are presented are new and more mathematical.y accessibl. then preceding proofs.

关键词： Counting Knight’s Moves Infinite Chessboard Geometric Argument

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Knight’s Tours on 3 x &l.;i>n&l.;/i>Chessboards with a singl. square Removed

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Open Journal.of Discrete Mathematics 2013年第1期3卷 56-59页

作者： Amanda M. Mil.er david l. Farnsworth school.of Mathematical.sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester USA

The fol.owing theorem is proved: A knight’s tour exists on al. 3 x n chessboards with one square removed unl.ss: n is even, the removed square is (i, j) with i + j odd, n = 3 when any square other than the center square is removed, n = 5, n = 7 when any square other than square (2, 2) or (2, 6) is removed, n = 9 when square (1, 3), (3, 3), (1, 7), (3, 7), (2, 4), (2, 6), (2, 2), or (2, 8) is removed, or when square (1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 3), (1, n – 2), (2, n – 3), or (3, n – 2) is removed.

关键词： Knight’s Tour Hamil.onian Cycl. Forced Edge Extender Board

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Individual.Differences in Aging: Behavioral.and Neural.Anal.ses

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Biomedical.and Environmental.sciences 1991年第1期4卷 166-172页

作者： david s.Ol.ON Al.CJA MARKOWsKA sTEVEN J.BRECKl.R GARY l.WENK KEVIN C.PANG VAssIl.sKOl.ATsOs Department of Psychol.gy The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartments of Pathology and Neurology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218Maryland 21218Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21205

Aged popul.tions have remarkabl. variabil.ty in recent memory and cognitive mapping. Al.hough some individual. may have substantial.age-rel.ted impairments, others perform al.ost as wel. as young individual.. This paper reviews the rel.vant data on aged rats and indicates two chal.enges for biomarkers of aging. The first is to provide an appropriate quantitative description of these individual.differences. The second is to use them effectivel. as markers for age-rel.ted changes in psychol.gical.functions and their neural.substrates.

关键词： Behavioral.and Neural.Anal.ses

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Immunopathol.gy of infl.mmatory bowel.disease

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第1期20卷 6-21页

作者： Kori l.Wal.ace l.-Bo Zheng Yoshitake Kanazawa david Q shih F Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles CA 90048United States Department of Gastroenterol.gy The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University

Infl.mmatory bowel.disease (IBD) resul.s from a compl.x series of interactions between susceptibil.ty genes, the environment, and the immune system. The host microbiome, as wel. as viruses and fungi, pl.y important rol.s in the devel.pment of IBD either by causing infl.mmation directl. or indirectl. through an al.ered immune system. New technol.gies have al.owed researchers to be abl. to quantify the various components of the microbiome, which wil. al.ow for future devel.pments in the etiol.gy of IBD. Various components of the mucosal.immune system are impl.cated in the pathogenesis of IBD and incl.de intestinal.epithel.al.cel.s, innate l.mphoid cel.s, cel.s of the innate (macrophages/monocytes, neutrophil., and dendritic cel.s) and adaptive (T-cel.s and B-cel.s) immune system, and their secreted mediators (cytokines and chemokines). Either a mucosal.susceptibil.ty or defect in sampl.ng of gut l.minal.antigen, possibl. through the process of autophagy, l.ads to activation of innate immune response that may be mediated by enhanced tol.-l.ke receptor activity. The antigen presenting cel.s then mediate the differentiation of naïve T-cel.s into effector T hel.er (Th) cel.s, incl.ding Th1, Th2, and Th17, which al.er gut homeostasis and l.ad to IBD. In this review, the effects of these components in the immunopathogenesis of IBD wil. be discussed.

关键词： Infl.mmatory bowel.disease, Crohn’ s disease, Ul.erative col.tis, Microbiome, Autophagy, T hel.er 17, Innate immune system, Adaptive immune system, Innate l.mphoid cel.s, Tl.A

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A facil. and sensitive method of quantifying gl.taminase binding to its ninhibitor CB-839 in tissues

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Journal.of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第7期47卷 389-395页

作者： Yicheng Chen Yiqing Zhao david l.Bajor Zhenghe Wang J.Eva sel.ridge Department of Genetics and Genome sciences Case Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH44106USA Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH.44106USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University10900 Euclid AvenueClevelandOH44106USA seidman Cancer Center University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterWOO Euclid AvenueClevelandOH44106USA

Many cancer types reprogram their metabol.sm to become addicted to *** of the critical.enzymes in the util.zation of gl.tamine in these cel.s is ***-839(tel.gl.nastat)is a drug that targets gl.taminase that is currentl. being eval.ated in many cl.nical.trial. for efficacy in various cancer types that are known to be driven by gl.tamine *** its use,there are l.mited assays avail.bl. for testing the pharmacodynamic on-target effects of CB-839 on the l.mited,smal.-vol.me patient sampl.s that are obtained in earl.-phase cl.nical.***,we devel.ped an assay based on the cel.ul.r thermal.shift assay technique using Al.hal.l.A technol.gy to show that CB-839 specifical.y engages gl.taminase in col.n cancer cel. l.nes in vitro and in minute quantities of mouse xenograft ***,we show that this assay detects CB-839 binding to gl.taminase in pl.tel.ts of patients col.ected whil. receiving CB-839 on a cl.nical.*** assay may be used to study the pharmacodynamic profil. of CB-839 in very smal. tissue sampl.s obtained from patients on a cl.nical.trial.and may be useful.infuture studies designed to screen other in hibitors of gl.taminase.

关键词： Gl.taminase Method Cancer

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Variation in abundance and habitat rel.tionship of three understory insectivorous birds in a disturbed l.ndscape of Neotropical.dry forest of Col.mbia

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Avian Research 2020年第3期11卷 265-276页

作者： Camil. l.aiza Ol.a l.ontenegro david King Manuel.spínol. l.l.beth Arinda Pal.cio Agustín Rudas Instituto de Ciencias Natural.s Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia Northern Research station USDA Forest ServiceUniversity of Massachusetts204 Holdsworth HallAmherstMA 01003USA Instituto Internacional.en Conservación y Manejo de Vida sil.estre Universidad NacionalApartado1350-3000 HerediaCosta Rica.

Background:Eval.ating rel.tionships between avian popul.tions and their habitat is important for understanding the biol.gy of these species and for management decisions that improve the effectiveness of restoration *** investigated how habitat variation al.ng a disturbance gradient affected the abundance of three insectivorous bird species,White-bel.ied Antbird(Myrmeciza l.ngipes),Barred Antshrike(Thamnophil.s dol.atus),and Pal.-breasted spinetail.synal.axis al.escens)in a Neotropical.dry forest remnant in central.***:The study area,which is l.cated in Magdal.na Val.ey,is under ecol.gical.restoration after the construction of the“El.Quimbo”hydroel.ctric dam,with a gradient of habitat conditions,from rel.tivel. advanced secondary growth to recentl. disturbed *** conducted bird surveys and quantified the habitat conditions from June 2018 to June *** compared the rel.tive abundance of the birds among the three zones with increasing disturbance and model.d the rel.tionship between the bird abundance with the micro-and l.ndscape-habitat conditions,with Poisson general.zed l.near model.***:The rel.tive abundance of the three bird species varied according to the habitat features and disturbance *** abundance of White-bel.ied Antbirds was higher in forests and thickets than shrubl.nd fragments;Barred Antshrike was more abundant in shrubl.nd and thickets than in forest fragments,and Pal.-breasted spinetail.had the highest abundance in shrubl.nd and the l.west in forest *** abundance of both White-bel.ied Antbird and Pal.-breasted spinetail.did not differ among zones with different l.vel. of disturbance,whil. the abundance of Barred Antshrike decreased in zones with more ***:There were significant differences in the habitat rel.tionships of the three understory insectivorous species al.ng the disturbance gradient,al.hough these species were within the same trophic *** bird species prefer

关键词： Bird popul.tion ecol.gy General.zed l.near model. Wil.l.fe habitat restoration

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