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铅暴露与中老年男性震颤:VA标准老龄化研究

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环境与职业医学 2015年第10期32卷 982-982页

作者： john S.Ji Melinda C.Power david Sparrow Avron Spiro III Howard Hu Elan D.Louis Marc G.Weisskopf

[背景]震颤是最常见的神经症状之一,但人们对其病因仍知之甚少。病例对照研究表明,血液中的铅和特发性震颤之间存在关联,而且这种关联受到δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱氢酶（ALAD）基因多态性的调节。[目的]在一项前瞻性队列研究中,同时使用血铅... 详细信息

[背景]震颤是最常见的神经症状之一,但人们对其病因仍知之甚少。病例对照研究表明,血液中的铅和特发性震颤之间存在关联,而且这种关联受到δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱氢酶（ALAD）基因多态性的调节。[目的]在一项前瞻性队列研究中,同时使用血铅和骨铅（累积铅暴露的生物标志）检验铅和震颤之间的关系,其中包括ALAD的调节作用。[方法]测量VA标准老龄化研究队列中中老年男性（年龄范围50~98岁）的胫骨（n=670）和髌骨（n=672）中的骨铅以及血铅（n=807）。基于手工绘制样本的方法对震颤进行评分。ALAD基因型分为ALAD-2载体或非ALAD-2的载体两类。校正年龄、教育程度、吸烟和酒精的摄入量后,使用线性回归估计铅生物标志和震颤得分之间的关联。[结果]在未校正的分析中,所有铅生物标志的五分位数和震颤分数之间存在临界关联性（P〈0.13）,但在校正的模型中却无此现象。年龄是预测震颤的最强因子。在那些低于中位数年龄（68.9年）的研究对象中,震颤随血铅增加并具有显著性（P=0.03）,但在骨铅中却不明显。没有发现ALAD的调节作用,也没有发现震颤评分随着时间的变化与骨铅之间的关联性。[结论]研究结果不能强有力地支持铅暴露和震颤之间的关联,与累积铅生物标志也没有关联,不过研究结果仍然提示在这一队列的较年轻者中血铅可能与震颤有关联。

关键词：特发性震颤中老年男性铅暴露老龄化标准前瞻性队列研究 ALAD基因型生物标志

Redefinition of Fatty Liver Disease from NAFLD to MAFLD through the Lens of Drug Development and Regulatory Science

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第2期10卷 374-382页

作者： Yasser Fouad Melissa Palmer Minjun Chen Arie Regev Rajarshi Banerjee Rob Myers Robert Riccio Richard Torstenson Ramy Younes Puneet SArora Henrik Landgren Morten A.Karsdal Martin Blake david A.Shapiro Hans-Juergen Gruss Muhammad Y.Sheikh Dina Attia Steven Bollipo Alastair D.Smith Bradley Freilich Robert G.Gish Detlef Schuppan Department of Gastroenterology Hepatologyand Endemic MedicineFaculty of MedicineMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Gan-nex/Ascletis Pharma Co Ltd BeijingChina Liver Consulting LLC New YorkNYUSA Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatis-tics National Center for Toxicological ResearchUS Food and Drug AdministrationJeffersonARUSA Eli Lilly and Company IndianapolisINUSA Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd OxfordUK Gilead Sciences Inc Foster CityCAUSA Syneos Health LLC MorrisvilleNCUSA Allergan Marlow International BuckinghamshireUKAstraZenecaCambridgeUK Boehringer Ingel-heim International GmbHIngelheimGermany Genentech IncSouth San FranciscoCAUSA AbbVie MarlowBuck-inghamshireUK Nordic Bioscience A/S HerlevDenmark Resonance Health BurswoodWAAustralia Intercept Phar-maceuticals Inc San DiegoCAUSA Fresno Clinical Research Center FresnoCAUSA Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Beni-Suef UniversityBeni SuefEgypt Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNSWAustralia School of Medicine and Public Health University of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia Kan-sas City Research Institute Kansas CityMOUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Loma Linda UniversityLoma LindaCAUSA Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy University Medical CenterMainzGermany Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Metabolic(dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)affects a third of the population and is a leading cause of liver-related *** no effective treatments exist,novel approaches to drug development are ***,outdated terminology and definitions of the disease are hampering efforts to develop new drugs and *** international consensus panel has put forth an influential proposal for the disease to be renamed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)to MAFLD,includ-ing a proposal for how the disease should be *** allies with the many stakeholders in MAFLD care―including patients,patients’advocates,clinicians,researchers,nurse and allied health groups,regional societies,and others―we are aware of the negative consequences of the NAFLD term and *** share the sense of urgency for change and will act in new ways to achieve our *** there is much work to be done to overcome clinical inertia and reverse worrisome recent trends,the MAFLD initiative provides a firm foundation to build *** provides a roadmap for moving for-ward toward more efficient care and affordable,sustainable drug and device innovation in MAFLD *** hope it will bring promising new opportunities for a brighter future for MAFLD care and improve care and outcomes for patients of one of the globe’s largest and costliest public health *** this viewpoint,we have revisited this initiative through the perspectives of drug development and regulatory science.

关键词： NAFLD MAFLD NASH Fatty liver disease Liver Fibrosis

Monolithic ultrasound fingerprint sensor

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 37-44页

作者： Xiaoyue Jiang Yipeng Lu Hao-Yen Tang Julius M.Tsai Eldwin J.Ng Michael J.Daneman Bernhard E.Boser david A.Horsley Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Invensense Inc. San JoseCA 95110USA

This paper presents a 591×438-DPI ultrasonic fingerprint *** sensor is based on a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT)array that is bonded at wafer-level to complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)signal processing electronics to produce a pulse-echo ultrasonic imager on a *** meet the 500-DPI standard for consumer fingerprint sensors,the PMUT pitch was reduced by approximately a factor of two relative to an earlier *** conducted a systematic design study of the individual PMUT and array to achieve this scaling while maintaining a high *** resulting 110×56-PMUT array,composed of 30×43-μm^(2) rectangular PMUTs,achieved a 51.7% fill-factor,three times greater than that of the previous *** with the custom CMOS ASIC,the sensor achieves 2 mV kPa^(−1) sensitivity,15 kPa pressure output,75μm lateral resolution,and 150μm axial resolution in a 4.6 mm×3.2 mm *** the best of our knowledge,we have demonstrated the first MEMS ultrasonic fingerprint sensor capable of imaging epidermis and sub-surface layer fingerprints.

关键词： piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT) fingerprint sensors ultrasound

The Land- Potential Knowledge System (LandPKS): mobile apps and collaboration for optimizing climate change investments

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第3期2卷 31-38页

作者： Jeffrey E.Herrick Adam Beh Edmundo Barrios Ioana Bouvier Marina Coetzee david Dent Emile Elias Tomislav Hengl Jason W.Karl Hanspeter Liniger john Matuszak Jason CNeff Lilian Wangui Ndungu Michael Obersteiner Keith D.Shepherd Kevin C.Urama Rik van den Bosch Nicholas P.Webb U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service New Mexico State UniversityJornada Experimental Range MSC 3JERBox 30003Las CrucesNew Mexico 88003-8003 USA World Agroforestry Centre United Nations AvenueGigiriP.O.Box 30677Nairobi00100Kenya U.S.Agency for International Development 3014th StreetSW SA-44(Rm 848)WashingtonD.C.20024 USA Namibia University of Science and Technology 13 Storch StreetPrivate Bag 13388WindhoekNamibia Merchants of Light Ltd Forncett EndNorfolkEngland ISRIC-World Soil information Droevendaalsesteeg 36708PB WageningenThe Netherlands Center for the development and Environment University of BernHallerstrasse 103012BernSwitzerland U.S.Department of State/OES 2201 C St.NWWashingtonD.C.20520USA Environmental Studies Program University of Colorado at BoulderCampus Box 397BoulderColorado 80309 USA RCMRD SERVIR-Eastern&Southern AfricaP.O.Box 63200618 RuarakaNairobiKenya International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1 A-2361LaxenburgAustria African Development Bank Avenue Jean-Paul II01 BP 1387Abidjan 01Côte d’Ivoire

Massive investments in climate change mitigation and adaptation are projected during coming *** of these investments will seek to modify how land is *** return on both types of investments can be increased through an understanding of land potential:the potential of the land to support primary production and ecosystem services,and its resilience.A Land-Potential Knowledge System(LandPKS)is being developed and implemented to provide individual users with point-based estimates of land potential based on the integration of simple,geo-tagged user inputs with cloud-based information and *** system will rely on mobile phones for knowledge and information exchange,and use cloud computing to integrate,interpret,and access relevant knowledge and information,including local knowledge about land with similar *** system will initially provide management options based on long-term land potential,which depends on climate,to-pography,and relatively static soil properties,such as soil texture,depth,and *** mod-ules will provide more specific management information based on the status of relatively dynamic soil properties such as organic matter and nutrient content,and of *** paper includes a discus-sion of how this system can be used to help distinguish between meteorological and edaphic drought.

关键词： agriculture analytics crowdsourcing expert systems extension knowledge management land evaluation land-use planning mobile apps sustainability sustainable land management

Development of a high-throughput cell based 384-well influenza A quantification assay for interpandemic and highly pathogenic avian strains

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更年期医学:欧洲男女更年期协会2004／2005关于围绝经期和绝经后激素补充治疗的立场声明

Health（健康） 2010年第1期

作者： Melicia R. Gainey Ann M. Wasko Jennifer N. Garver david J. Guistino Eric M. Vela john E. Bigger

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更年期医学:欧洲男女更年期协会2004／2005关于围绝经期和绝经后...

2007年ACC／AHA非心脏手术围手术期心血管评估与管理指南：实施概要

第二次全国绝经相关问题高级学术研讨会

作者： Sven O．Skouby． Farook Al-Azzawi david Barlow Joaquin Calaf-Alsina Erdogan Ertüngealp Anne Gompel Alessandra Graziottin Decebal Hudita Amos ines Serge Rozenberg Gran Samsioe john C．Stevenson 陈瑛

目前从大量的随机对照临床试验(RCT)中已得出结论性证据:对于经历着令人痛苦的更年期症状的围绝经期和绝经后妇女,任何形式的全身HRT均可以缓解这些症状,没有其它治疗手段能产生相似效果。尽管这种证据与日俱增,但如何提供最好的临床医... 详细信息

目前从大量的随机对照临床试验(RCT)中已得出结论性证据:对于经历着令人痛苦的更年期症状的围绝经期和绝经后妇女,任何形式的全身HRT均可以缓解这些症状,没有其它治疗手段能产生相似效果。尽管这种证据与日俱增,但如何提供最好的临床医疗以减轻绝经症状和预防较远期的绝经后退化性疾病,仍在争论之中。当提供更年期医药时,HRT剂量和方案的个体化是基于与症状的严重程度和绝经时间相关的最低有效剂量的原则。然而,在有症状的妇女中,尚没有多少关于长期应用不同HRT方案的资料,赖以说明心血管疾病,乳腺癌和骨质疏松症基线风险的影响。在大多数病例中,个体化的处方联同生活方式的调整就可能对更年期症状、生活质量(QoL)、性问题和骨质疏松症产生最终有益的作用,罕见严重副反应。欧洲男女更年期协会(EMAS)基于最近的流行病学研究,其中不少是来自WHI中单用雌激素组的结果,支持在有症状的妇女中进行新HRT方案的研究,以提高临床中受益和风险之间的平衡,包括生活质量方面特有的信息: 并解释美国和欧洲之间在治疗模式上的传统差异,以及在BMI、生活方式和饮食习惯方面的不同所产生的影响。对于早绝经(小于45岁) 妇女,现有资料支持HRT所特有的总体益处。目前,具有骨质疏松性骨折高危险性的妇女可考虑应用较长期的全身HRT,尤其是当其它治疗措施既不恰当又疗效不佳时,因为此时收益大于风险。而对于泌尿生殖道症状,已认为长期的局部雌激素治疗可能安全和有效。

关键词： EMAS立场声明更年期医药围绝经期绝经后 HRT

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第6期6卷 1-28页

作者： Lee A Fleisher Joshua A Beckman Kenneth A Brown Hugh Calkins Elliott Chaikof Kirsten E Fleischmann William K Freeman James B Froehlich Edward K Kasper Judy R Kersten Barbara Riegel john F Robb Sidney C Smith Alice K Jacobs Cynthia D Adams Jeffrey L Anderson Elliott M Antman Christopher E Buller Mark A Creager Steven M Ettinger david P Faxon Valentin Fuster Jonathan L Halperin Loren F Hiratzka Sharon A Hunt Bruce W Lytle Rick Nishimura Joseph P Ornato Richard L Page Lynn G Tarkington Clyde W Yancy

美国心脏病学院镁国心脏协会工作组有关实践指南的一份报告（编写委员会对2002年非心脏手术围手术期心血管评估指南的修改）

关键词：非心脏手术管理指南血管评估围手术期 ACC/AHA 美国心脏病学院实践指南心脏协会

婴儿心脏手术中脑氧饱和度的监测：与手术后早期预后的关系

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第3期6卷 20-30页

作者： Barry D. Kussman, MBBCh david Wypij, PhD James K DiNardo, MD Jane W. Newburger MD, MPH john E. Mayer, Jr., MD Ellen McGrath, RN Peter C. Laussen, MBBS 王珊青(译) 高梅(校) 钱燕宁(校) Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine Children's Hospital Boston Department of Anaesthesia Harvard Medical School Department of Cardiology Children's Hospital Boston Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School Department of Biostatistics Harvard School of Public Health Department of Cardiology Harvard Medical School Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Children's Hospital Boston Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 不详

背景我们对婴儿心脏手术中脑氧饱和度的变化及其与解剖学诊断和早期预后的关系进行了研究。方法将104例接受双心室修补无主动脉弓缩窄手术的先心病患儿随机分成两组，两组的红细胞比容分别稀释至25％和35％。用近红外光谱仪监测各时点... 详细信息

背景我们对婴儿心脏手术中脑氧饱和度的变化及其与解剖学诊断和早期预后的关系进行了研究。方法将104例接受双心室修补无主动脉弓缩窄手术的先心病患儿随机分成两组，两组的红细胞比容分别稀释至25％和35％。用近红外光谱仪监测各时点每例患儿的局部脑氧饱和度（rSO2）。结果在心肺转流前，与右位型大动脉转位（D-TGA）和室间隔缺损患儿相比，法洛氏四联症（TOF）患儿局部脑氧饱和度较高（P〈0．001）。在心肺转流降温、低流量转流及心肺转流结束时，右位型大动脉转位患儿的局部脑氧饱和度最高（P〈0．001）。但各组间手术中局部脑氧饱和度和早期预后经校正诊断后并没有明显关系。39例接受≥5分钟深低温停循环[deephypothermiccirculatoryarrest（DHCA）]的右位型大动脉转位患儿中，停循环开始时的局部脑氧饱和度（91％±6％）及红细胞比容（29．2％±5．5％）与停循环中的局部脑氧饱和度下降速率没有明显关系。结论手术中局部脑氧饱和度随解剖学诊断不同而变化，但是与手术后早期预后无明显关系。正如使用额叶近红外线光谱探头测量局部脑氧饱和度所示，高红细胞比容与当今的灌注技术似乎可为深低温停循环在短期内提供足够的氧储备。

关键词：术后早期预后中脑氧饱和度心脏手术局部脑氧饱和度监测婴儿深低温停循环高红细胞比容

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第21章极地气象100年进步

气象科技进展 2019年第S1期9卷 320-331页

作者：约翰·沃尔什 david H.BROMWICH JAMES.E.OVERLAND MARK C.SERREZE KEVIN R.WOOD 贾朋群(编译) 李婧华(编译) 美国阿拉斯加费尔班克斯大学美国俄亥俄州立大学 NOAA太平洋海洋环境实验室美国科罗拉多大学博尔德分校美国华盛顿大学不详

极区给气象带来了一些独特的挑战,包括遥远和恶劣的环境。我们总结了两个半球极地气象的演化,这一过程始于早期探险阶段进行的观测,一直到最近几十年以来,极地气象成为全球核心挑战,如臭氧洞、天气预报和气候变化。虽然从1800年代和190... 详细信息

极区给气象带来了一些独特的挑战,包括遥远和恶劣的环境。我们总结了两个半球极地气象的演化,这一过程始于早期探险阶段进行的观测,一直到最近几十年以来,极地气象成为全球核心挑战,如臭氧洞、天气预报和气候变化。虽然从1800年代和1900年代初的探险中得到一些数据,以及在亚北极区域仅有少量几个站,过去100年在观测网建立和对极地区域气象相关认识方面取得了极大的进步。例如,20世纪早期,人们一直认为北冰洋被持续的高压环流、冰川反气旋占据。随着观测的增加,到1950年代已经明了,尽管反气旋是北极循环的一个常见特征,气旋也频繁出现在北极的任何地方。技术通过改进仪器让极地气象受益,尤其是自动化的业务仪器。而且,卫星遥感和计算模式带来极地气象的革命。我们着重说明了四次国际极地年和最近几十年实施的一些高纬外场项目。我们还注意到巨大的挑战,包括认识北极在中纬度天气和气候变化中的作用、模拟变化中的北冰洋地表能量交换的能力、评估极区目前和未来极端事件的趋势和极地气候数年到年代变化内部变率的作用等。

关键词：极地气象极地气候北冰洋区域气象极端事件气候变化臭氧洞地表能量