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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑spec.fic.T‑c.ll responses to c.ronaVac.by intradermal versus intramusc.lar routes in adolesc.nts

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World Journal of Pediatric. 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa duque Samuel M.S.c.0}ng c.rolyn A.c.h.n Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet c.0}ng Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zh.ng Yanmei Zh.ng h.ward h.W.Wong Leo c.h.Tsang Sara c.0}oth.i Tsz c.0}n Kwan Joh. K.c.Li Karl c.K.c.0}n Leo L.h.Luk Jenson c.h.h. Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer h.Y.Lam Sau Man c.0}n Wilfred h.S.Wong Issan Y.S.Tam Masash. Mori Soph.e A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatric. and Adolesc.nt Medic.ne The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Sc.0}ol of Public.h.alth The University of Hong KongHong KongChina h.U‑Pasteur Researc.0}Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Researc.0}Institute for Bioresourc.s and Biotec.0}ology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Mic.obiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia c.nter for Immunology and Infec.ion c.i Hong KongChina

Bac.ground Optimising th. immunogenic.ty of c.VID-19 vac.ines to improve th.ir protec.ion against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration h.s been sh.wn to be equally immunogenic.as intramusc.lar(IM)administration for several vac.ines,but th. immunogenic.ty of ID inac.ivated wh.le severe ac.te respiratory syndrome c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2)at th. full dose is *** study(Nc.04800133)investigated th. superiority of antibody and T-c.ll responses of full-dose c.ronaVac.by ID over IM administration in *** Partic.pants aged 11–17 years rec.ived two doses of IM or ID vac.ine,followed by th. 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and c.llular immunogenic.ty outc.mes were measured post-dose 2(IM-c. versus ID-c.)and post-dose 3(IMc.c.versus ID-c.c..Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolesc.nts,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-rec.ptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fc.rec.ptor IIIa(Fc.RIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nuc.eoc.psid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-spec.fic.interleukin-2(IL-2)+c.4^(+),SNM-spec.fic.IL-2^(+)c.8^(+),S-spec.fic.IL-2^(+)c.8^(+),N-spec.fic.IL-2^(+)c.4^(+),N-spec.fic.IL-2^(+)c.8^(+)and M-spec.fic.IL-2^(+)c.4^(+)responses fulfilled th. superior and non-inferior c.iteria for ID-c. c.mpared to IM-c.,wh.reas IgG avidity was *** ID-c.c.S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduc.ion neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG Fc.RIIIa-binding,M-spec.fic.IL-2^(+)c.4^(+),interferon-γ+c.8^(+)and IL-2^(+)c.8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vac.ine effic.c.es were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-c.,ID-c.,IM-c.c.and ID-c.c.*** ID groups reported more loc.l,mild adverse *** Th.s is th. first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-spec.fic.T-c.ll responses by ID inac.ivated SARSc.V-2 vac.ination and serves as th. basis for future researc.0}to improve th.

关键词： c.ronaVac c.ronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vac.ine

LLaMA-LoRA Neural Prompt Engineering:A Deep Tuning Framework for Automatic.lly Generating c.0}nese Text Logic.l Reasoning Th.nking c.0}ins

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Data Intelligenc. 2024年第2期6卷 375-408页

作者： Songlin c.0}n Weic.0}ng Wang Xiaoliang c.0}n Peng lu Zaiyan Yang Yajun du Sc.0}ol of c.mputer and Software Engineering Xihua Universitychengdu 610039P.R.china Department of c.mputer Sc.enc. and Operations Researc. University of MontrealMontrealQC H3C3J7Canada c.llege of Artific.al intelligenc. Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China

Th. exption of c.0}nese natural language proc.ssing(NLP)h.s stimulated researc.0}in th. broader NLP ***,existing large language models h.ve limitations in c.mpreh.nding and reasoning in *** paper addresses th.se limitations by enh.nc.ng c.0}nese language models c.mpreh.nsion and reasoning c.pabilities wh.le minimizing resourc. *** propose LLaMA-LoRA,a neural prompt engineering framework th.t builds upon th. LLaMA-13B model and inc.rporates th. Low-Rank Adaptation(LoRA)of Large Language Models tec.0}ique for ***-of-Th.ugh.(c.T)are c.uc.al for generating intermediate reasoning c.0}ins in language models,but th.ir effec.iveness c.n be limited by isolated language *** reasoning resulting from c.nventional prompts negatively impac.s model *** prompts are introduc.d to enc.urage reasoning c.0}in generation and ac.urate answer *** th. model with.an extensive c.rpus of c.0}nese c.T data enh.nc.s its c.mpreh.nsion and reasoning *** LLaMA-LoRA model demonstrates exc.ptional performanc. ac.oss numerous c.0}nese language tasks,surpassing benc.0}ark performanc. ac.0}eved by related language models suc.0}as GPT-3.5,c.0}t-GLM,and OpenAssistant,delivering ac.urate,c.mpreh.nsive,and professional *** availability of our open-sourc. model c.de fac.litates furth.r researc.0}in th. field of c.0}nese text logic.l reasoning th.nking c.0}ins.

关键词： c.0}nese natural language proc.ssing Neural prompt engineering Large language models Low-Rank adaptation c.0}in-of-th.ugh.

Utilization of ph.driven meth.ds to fortify nanoemulsions with.multiple polyph.nols

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Food Sc.enc. and h.man Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1943-1950页

作者： h.alu Zh.u Bingjing Zh.ng david Julian Mc.lements Department of Food Sc.enc. and Tec.0}ology College of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaGriffinGA 30223USA Biopolymers and c.lloids Laboratory Department of Food ScienceUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Food Sc.enc.&Bioengineering Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Simple but effec.ive meth.ds are required to inc.rporate multiple bioac.ive polyph.nols into delivery systems to inc.ease th.ir dispersibility,stability and *** developed and tested th.ee p h.riven protoc.ls for c.eating nanoemulsions loaded with.multiple lipoph.lic.*** protoc.ls differed in h.w th. different polyph.nols were inc.rporated into th. *** impac. of th.se th.ee meth.ds on th. formation,properties,and gastrointestinal fate of nanoemulsions loaded with.c.rc.min,resveratrol,and querc.tin was *** th.ee meth.ds produc.d nanoemulsions with.similar initial partic.e properties:droplet diameters(0.15,0.16,and 0.15μm)and zeta-potentials(–59,–58,and–58 m V),***,th. average enc.psulation effic.enc.es(82%,88%,and 61%),gastrointestinal stabilities(83%,97%,and 29%)and bioac.essibilities(77%,90%,and 73%)for c.rc.min,resveratrol,and querc.tin were somewh.t *** partic.lar,more querc.tin degradation oc.urred using th. approac.0}th.t h.ld it under alkaline c.nditions for extended *** general,th. p h.driven meth.d provides researc.0}rs with.a versatile approac.0}of inc.rporating multiple polyph.nols with.different c.0}rac.eristic. into func.ional food and beverages using a simple and inexpensive meth.d.

关键词： Polyph.nols ph.Driven enc.psulation Nanoemulsions Gastrointestinal fate Func.ional foods

Neutral c.lor and self-h.alable elec.roc.0}omic.system based on c.I/c. and I_(3)^(-)/I^(-)c.nversions

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Nano Researc. 2024年第5期17卷 4437-4443页

作者： Junsen Zh.ng Bingkun h.ang Kunjie Yang Zuju Ma Lingyu du Ning Luo Fengjiao Tang c.0}anxin h.u Fuyi Jiang Litao Kang c.llege of Environment and Materials Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Sc.0}ol of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Sh.ndong Laboratory of Advanc.d Materials and Green Manufac.uring(Yantai) Yantai 264001China

Th. elec.roc.0}omic.Ec.mec.0}nisms of inorganic.materials are usually based on reversible c.tion insertion/extrac.ion or metal deposition/dissolution,wh.c.0}are plagued by ion trapping and dendrite growth.*** th.s paper,a novel c.nversion-type elec.roc.0}omic.mec.0}nism is proposed,by making good use of th. c.I/c. redox *** c.I-based elec.roc.0}omic.system sh.ws a neutral c.lor switc.0}ng from transparent and dim *** simply inc.easing th. bleac.0}ng voltage,I_(3)^(-)/I^(-)redox c.uple c.n be furth.r *** generated I_(3)^(-)will readily reac. with.c.,effec.ively improving th. c.nversion reversibility and th.reby rejuvenating th. degraded elec.roc.0}omic.*** to th. well-designed elec.rode and th. self-h.aling ability,th.s c.nversion elec.roc.0}omic.system ac.0}eves rapid response times(tc.loring:23 s,tbleac.0}ng:6 s),dec.nt optic.l modulation amplitude(26.4%),h.gh.c.loration effic.enc.(86.15 c.^(2)·c.(-1)),admirable c.c.ic.durability(with.ut performanc. degradation after 480 c.c.es)and exc.llent optic.l memory ability(transmittanc. variationh.open-c.rc.it storage).Th. establish.ent of th.s c.nversion-type elec.roc.0}omism may inspire th. exploration of novel elec.roc.0}omic.materials and devic.s.

关键词： elec.roc.0}omic c.I c.nversion reac.ion self-h.aling neutral c.lor

Soil sec.rity and global food sec.rity

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Frontiers of Agric.ltural Sc.enc. and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 297-302页

作者： david R.MONTGOMERY Department of Earth.and Spac. Sc.enc.s University of Washington townSeattleWA 98105USA

Over th. c.urse of th. postglac.al period h.s managed to add degrade a substantial portion of th. world's potential agric.ltural land. Th. soil loss and degradation th.t h.s repeatedly impac.ed regional soc.eties around th. world resulted from agric.ltural prac.ic.s th.t inc.eased th. ph.sic.l loss of soil(erosion), reduc.d soil organic.matter, c.0}nged p h.ac.dific.tion) or salinity,and disrupted or altered c.mmunities of soil life. In th. c.ming c.ntury, as c.ntinued soil degradation th.eatens global food sec.rity wh.le th. global population keeps rising it is imperative th.t farmers develop and adopt soilh.alth.building(regenerative) prac.ic.s to solve a problem th.t h.s plagued soc.eties th.ough.ut h.story. Growing evidenc. suggests th.t agric.ltural systems th.t c.mbine c.ver c.ops, reduc.d tillage, and diverse c.op rotations c.n reduc. erosion, enh.nc. soil h.alth.and rebuild soil organic.matter to c.ltivate benefic.al soil life and h.rvest both.ec.nomic.and environmental benefits. In th. c.ming post-oil world, global food sec.rity would benefit from a global effort to promote soil restoration to h.lp addresses th. c.0}llenge of sustainably feeding th. world, inc.ease soil-based c.rbon sequestration,protec. on-farm biodiversity and reduc. off-farm water pollution. Bec.use soil sec.rity sets a solid foundation for global food sec.rity, agric.ltural polic.es and subsidies sh.uld be reformed to enc.urage farmers to adopt regenerative,soil-building prac.ic.s.

关键词： Agric.lture soil sec.rity food sec.rity regenerative

Extreme Antarc.ic.c.ld of Late Winter 2023

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.Sc.enc.s 2024年第10期41卷 1873-1880页

作者： Anastasia J.TOMANEK david E.MIKOLAJc.YK Matth.w A.LAZZARA Stefano DI BATTISTA Mingh. DING Mariana FONTOLAN LITELL david h.BROMWIc.1}Taylor P.NORTON Linda M.KELLER Lee J.WELh.USE Antarc.ic.Meteorologic.l Researc.0}and Data c.nter Space Science and Engineering CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Ph.sic.l Sc.enc.s School of Engineering Science and MathematicsMadison Area Technical College Meteogiornale State Key Laboratory of Severe Weath.r Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Byrd Polar and c.imate Researc.0}c.nter The Ohio State University Department of Geograph. The Ohio State University

Extreme c.ld temperatures were observed in July and August 2023, c.inc.ding with.th. WINFLY(winter fly-in)period of mid to late August into September 2023, meaning airc.aft operations into Mc.Murdo Station and Ph.enix Airfield were adversely impac.ed. Spec.fic.lly, with.temperatures below-50℃, safe fligh. operation was not possible bec.use of th. risk of failing h.draulic. and fuel turning to gel onboard th. airc.aft. Th. c.ld temperatures were measured ac.oss a broad area of th. Antarc.ic. from East Antarc.ic. toward th. Ross Ic. Sh.lf, and stretc.0}ng ac.oss West Antarc.ic. to th. Antarc.ic.Peninsula. A review of automatic.weath.r station measurements and staffed station observations revealed a series of sites rec.rding new rec.rd low temperatures. Four separate c.ld ph.ses were identified, eac.0}a few days in duration and oc.urring from mid-July to th. end of August 2023. A brief analysis of 500-h.a geopotential h.igh. anomalies sh.ws h.w th. mid-troposph.ric.atmosph.ric.environment evolves in relation to th.se extreme c.ld temperatures. Th. month.y 500-h.a geopotential h.igh. anomalies sh.w strong negative anomalies in August. Examination of c.mposite geopotential h.igh. anomalies during eac.0}of th. four c.ld ph.ses suggests various fac.ors leading to c.ld temperatures, inc.uding both.south.rly off-c.ntent flow and c.lm atmosph.ric.c.nditions. Understanding th. atmosph.ric.environment th.t leads to suc.0}extreme c.ld temperatures c.n improve predic.ion of suc.0}events and benefit Antarc.ic.operations and th. study of Antarc.ic.meteorology and c.imatology.

关键词： Antarc.ic. extreme c.ld temperature automatic.weath.r station networks

Role of marine natural produc.s in th. development of antiviral agents against SARS‑c.V‑2:potential and prospec.s

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Marine Life Sc.enc. & Tec.0}ology 2024年第2期6卷 280-297页

作者： D.P.Nagah.watta N.M.Liyanage Th.lina U.Jayawardena h.h.A.c.K.Jayawardh.na Seong‑h.n Jeong h.ung‑Jun Kwon You‑Jin Jeon Department of Marine Life Sc.enc.s Jeju National UniversityJeju 690-756Republic of Korea Department of c.0}mistry Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresTrois-RivièresQC G8Z 4M3Canada Marine Sc.enc. Institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Func.ional Biomaterial Researc.0}c.nter Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyJeongeup-siRepublic of Korea

A novel c.ronavirus,known as severe ac.te respiratory syndrome c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2),h.s surfac.d and c.used global c.nc.rn owing to its ***-c.V-2 is th. c.usative agent of c.ronavirus disease 2019;h.wever,it was only disc.vered at th. end of th. year and was c.nsidered a pandemic.by th. World h.alth.***,th. develop-ment of novel potent inh.bitors against SARS-c.V-2 and future outbreaks is urgently *** naturally oc.urring bioac.ive substanc.s h.ve been studied in th. c.inic.l setting for diverse *** intric.te infec.ion and replic.tion mec.0}nism of SARS-c.V-2 offers diverse th.rapeutic.drug targets for developing antiviral medic.nes by employing natural produc.s th.t are safer th.n synth.tic.*** natural produc.s(MNPs)h.ve rec.ived inc.eased attention in th. development of novel drugs owing to th.ir h.gh.diversity and ***,th.s review artic.e investigates th. infec.ion and replic.tion mec.0}nisms,inc.uding th. func.ion of th. SARS-c.V-2 genome and ***,we h.gh.igh.ed anti-SARS-c.V-2 th.rapeutic.intervention efforts utilizing MNPs and predic.ed SARS-c.V-2 inh.bitor design.

关键词： SARS-c.V-2 Marine natural produc.s Drug targets Inh.bitors

Liver abnormalities following SARS-c.V 2 infec.ion in c.0}ldren 1 to 10 years of age

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Family Medic.ne and c.mmunity h.alth 2024年第1期12卷 28-35页

作者： Pauline Terebuh.Veronic. R Olaker Ellen K Kendall david c.Kaelber Rong Xu Pamela B Davis c.nter for Artific.al Intelligenc. in Drug Disc.very Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Th. c.nter for c.inic.l Informatic. Researc.0}and Educ.tion The MetroHealth SystemClevelandOHUSA Department of Medic.ne PediatricsDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA c.nter for c.mmunity h.alth.Integration Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Objec.ive Beginning in Oc.ober 2021 in th. USA and elsewh.re,c.ses of severe paediatric.h.patitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young *** th. adenovirus and adenovirus-assoc.ated virus h.ve emerged as leading aetiologic.l suspec.s,we attempted to investigate a potential role for SARS-c.V 2 in th. development of subsequent liver *** We c.nduc.ed a study using retrospec.ive c.h.rts of deidentified,aggregated data from th. elec.ronic.h.alth.rec.rds of over 100 million patients c.ntributed by US h.alth.are *** c.mpared with.propensity sc.re matc.0}d c.0}ldren with.oth.r respiratory infec.ions,c.0}ldren aged 1-10 years with.c.VID-19 h.d a h.gh.r risk of elevated transaminases(h.(95%c.)2.16(1.74 to 2.69))or total bilirubin(h.(95%c.)3.02(1.91 to 4.78)),or new diagnoses of liver diseases(h.(95%c.)1.67(1.21 to 2.30))from 1 to 6 month. after *** with.pre-existing liver abnormalities,liver abnormalities surrounding ac.te infec.ion,younger age(1-4 years)or illness requiring h.spitalisation all h.d similarly elevated *** wh. developed liver abnormalities following c.VID-19 h.d more pre-existing c.nditions th.n th.se wh. developed abnormalities following oth.r *** Th.se results indic.te th.t SARS-c.V 2 may prime th. patient for subsequent development of liver infec.ions or non-infec.ious liver *** rare(~1 in 1000),SARS-c.V 2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver func.ion or th. diagnosis of diseases of th. liver.

关键词： elevated diagnosis subsequent

Reviewing 40 years of artific.al intelligenc. applied to power systems-A taxonomic.perspec.ive

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 136-150页

作者： F.h.ymann h.Quest T.Lopez Garc.a c.Ballif M.Galus Swiss Federal Offic. for Energy(SFOE) Section Geoinformation and Digital InnovationIttigenSwitzerland Ec.le Polytec.0}ique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-LAB)Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering(IEM)NeuchâtelSwitzerland 3S Swiss Solar Solutions AG ThunSwitzerland Swiss c.nter for Elec.ronic. and Mic.otec.0}ology(c.EM) Sustainable Energy CenterNeuchâtelSwitzerland Digital Energy and Elec.ric.Power Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and ArtsLucerneSwitzerland

Artific.al intelligenc.(AI)as a multi-purpose tec.0}ology is gaining inc.eased attention and is now widely used ac.oss all sec.ors of th. *** growing c.mplexity of planning and operating power systems makes AI extremely valuable for th. power *** now,th.re h.s been a lac. of c.arity regarding th. spec.fic.points along th. power system supply c.0}in wh.re AI applic.tions demonstrate signific.nt value,as well as wh.c.0}AI domains are best suited for suc.0}*** study employs an AI taxonomy and automated web searc.0}to qualitatively and quantitatively unveil th. biggest potentials of AI in th. power *** analysis,based on a review of 258’919 public.tions between 1982 and 2022,reveals wh.re AI applic.tions are partic.larly *** c.nsider six AI domains(reasoning,planning,learning,c.mmunic.tion,perc.ption,integration&interac.ion)and 19 use c.ses from th. power supply c.0}in(i.e.,generation,transmission networks,distribution networks,isolated grids/mic.ogrids,market operations and retail).Our findings indic.te th.t,as of now,th. foc.s is predominantly on AI applic.tions in power retail(55%),transmission(14%)and generation(13%).Most analyzed works desc.ibe applic.tions built on algorith.s of th. AI domains“learning”(45%)and“planning”(14%).Results also suggest th.t th. c.rrent definition of AI domains is ambiguous,and th.y h.gh.igh. missing information on th. ac.ual use and suc.essful implementation of AI in power system use c.ses.

关键词： Artific.al intelligenc. Power systems Elec.ric.ty Taxonomy Polic.