检索结果-南通市图书馆

Mantle-derived magmas:intraplate,hot-spots and mid-ocean ridges

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science Bulletin 2015年第22期60卷 1873-1900页

作者： david h.Green Trevor J.Falloon Earth Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania

Primary or parental magmas act as probes to infer eruption and source temperatures for both mid-ocean ridge （MOR） and‘hot-spot＇ magmas （tholeiitic picrites）. The experimental petrogenetic constraints （＇inverse＇ experiments） argue for no significant temperature differences between them. however, there are differences in major, minor and trace elements which characterise geochemical, not thermal, anomalies beneath ‘hot-spots＇. We suggest that diapiric upwelling from interfaces （redox contrasts） between old subducted slab and normal MOR basalt source mantle is the major reason for the observed characteristics of island chain or ‘hot-spot＇ volcanism. Intraplate basalts also include widely distributed volcanic centres containing lherzolite xenoliths, i.e. mantle-derived magmas. Inverse experiments on olivine basalt, alkali oli- vine basalt, olivine basanite, olivine nephelinite, olivine melilitite and olivine leucitite （lamproite） determined liquidus phases as a function of pressure, initially under anhydrous and CO2-absent conditions. Under C- and h-absent conditions, only tholeiites to alkali olivine basalts had O1 ＋ Opx 4-Cpx as high-pressure liquidus phases. Addition of h20 accessed olivine basanites at 2.5-3 GPa, ,- 1,200 ℃, but both CO2 and h20 were necessary to obtain saturation with O1, Opx, Cpx and Ga at 2.5-3.5 GPa for olivine nephelinite and olivine melilitite. The forward and inverse experimental studies are combined to formulate a petrogenetic grid for intraplate, ‘hot-spot＇ and MOR magmatism within the plate tectonics paradigm. The asthenosphere is geochemically zoned by slow upward migration of incipient melt. The solidus and phasestabilities of lherzolite with very small water contents （〈3,000 ppm） determine the thin plate behaviour of the oceanic lithosphere and thus the Earth＇s convection in the form of plate tectonics. There is no evidence from the parental magmas of MOR and ‘hot-spots＇ to support the ＇deep mantle thermal plume＇ hypothesis. The preferr

关键词： experimentsMantle-derived magmas ·high-pressureC-h-O · Asthenosphere - hot-spotsPlate tectonics

PM_(2.5) in China:Measurements,sources,visibility and health effects,and mitigation

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 1-26页

作者： david Y.h.Pui Sheng-Chieh Chen Zhili Zuo Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Minnesota

Concern over the health effects of fine particles in the ambient environment led the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop the first standard for PM2.5 （particulate matter less than 2.5 μm） in 1997. The Particle Technology Laboratory at the University of Minnesota has helped to establish the PM2.5 standard by developing many instruments and samplers to perform atmospheric measurements. In this paper, we review various aspects of PM2.5, including its measurement, source apportionment, visibility and health effects, and mitigation. We focus on PM2.s studies in China and where appropriate, compare them with those obtained in the U.S. Based on accurate PM2.5 sampling, chemical analysis, and source apportionment models, the major PM2.5 sources in China have been identified to be coal combustion, motor vehicle emissions, and industrial sources. Atmospheric visibility has been found to correlate well with PM2.s concentration. Sulfate, ammonium, and nitrate carried by PM2.s, commonly found in coal burning and vehicle emissions, are the dominant contributors to regional haze in China. Short-term exposure to PM2.s is strongly associated with the increased risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in China. The strategy for PMzs mitigation must be based on reducing the pollutants from the two primary sources of coal-fired power plants and vehicle emissions. Although conventional Particulate Emission Control Devices （PECD） such as electrostatic precipitators in Chinese coal-fired power plants are generally effective for large particles, most of them may not have high collection efficiency of PM2.5. Baghouse filtration is gradually incorporated into the PECD to increase the PM2.5 collection efficiency. By adopting stringent vehicle emissions standard such as Euro 5 and 6, the emissions from vehicles can be gradually reduced over the years. An integrative approach, from collaboration among academia, government, and industries, can effe

关键词： PM2.5 in ChinaAtmospheric particle size distributionPM2.5 samplingChemical composition of PM2.sSource apportionment modelsPM2.5 health impactPM2.s mitigationCoal-fired power plantParticle emission control devices (PECD)Baghouse filtrationIntegrative approach

Therapeutic uses of animal biles in traditional Chinese medicine:An ethnopharmacological,biophysical chemical and medicinal review

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第29期20卷 9952-9975页

作者： david Q-h Wang Martin C Carey Gastroenterology Division Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical School and Harvard Digestive Diseases Center Liver Center and Gastroenterology Division Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical School and Harvard Digestive Diseases Center Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Internal MedicineEdward Doisy Research CenterSaint Louis University School of Medicine

Forty-four different animal biles obtained from both invertebrates and vertebrates (including human bile) have been used for centuries for a host of maladies in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) beginning with dog, ox and common carp biles approximately in the Zhou dynasty (c. 1046-256 BCE). Overall, different animal biles were prescribed principally for the treatment of liver, biliary, skin (including burns), gynecological and heart diseases, as well as diseases of the eyes, ears, nose, mouth and throat. We present an informed opinion of the clinical efficacy of the medicinal uses of the different animal biles based on their presently known principal chemical components which are mostly steroidal detergent-like molecules and the membrane lipids such as unesterified cholesterol and mixed phosphatidylcholines and sometimes sphingomyelin, as well as containing lipopigments derived from heme principally bilirubin glucuronides. All of the available information on the ethnopharmacological uses of biles in TCM were collated from the rich collection of ancient Chinese books on materia medica held in libraries in China and United States and the composition of various animal biles was based on rigorous separatory and advanced chemical identification techniques published since the mid-20th century collected via library (harvard’s Countway Library) and electronic searches (PubMed and Google Scholar). Our analysis of ethnomedical data and information on biliary chemistry shows that specific bile salts, as well as the common bile pigment bilirubin and its glucuronides plus the minor components of bile such as vitamins A, D, E, K, as well as melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) are salutary in improving liver function, dissolving gallstones, inhibiting bacterial and viral multiplication, promoting cardiac chronotropsim, as well as exhibiting anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, anti-oxidant, sedative, anti-convulsive, anti-allergic, anti-congestive, anti-diabe

关键词： Bile acids Bile pigments Bilirubinates Liquid crystals Materia medica Mixed micelles Bear bile Ox gallstones Paleo-pharmacology Phospholipids

Great wall of solar panels to mitigate yellow dust storm

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 146-149页

作者： david Y.h.Pui Junji Cao Zhisheng An Jing Wang University of Minnesota Department of Mechanical EngineeringMinneapolisMN 55455USA Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences ETh Zurich Institute of Environmental Engineering8093 ZurichSwitzerland EMPA Analytical Chemistry8600 Dubendorf Switzerland

Mitigation of the large scale yellow dust storm is a serious problem facing China. We propose the approach of building windbreak walls equipped with solar panels in the proximity of dust origins. The solar panels generate electricity in the sunny days; the walls break the wind and remove airborne dusts based on the impactor principle during wind storms. Preliminary calculation indicates the walls may be able to remove the major fraction of the airborne dusts and the generated electricity could be significant. More detailed studies are needed to prove the feasibility of the approach.

关键词： Solar panels Dust storm Mitigation Windbreak Sustainable development

MicroBTC:Efficient,Flexible and Fair Micropayment for Bitcoin Using hash Chains

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2019年第2期34卷 403-415页

作者： Zhi-Guo Wan Robert h.Deng david Lee Ying Li School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China School of Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore 188065 Singapore School of Business Singapore University of Social Sciences Singapore 599494 Singapore Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology Beijing 100094 China

While Bitcoin gains increasing popularity in different payment scenarios,the transaction fees make it difficult to be applied to *** the wide applicability of micropayment,it is crucial for all cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin to provide effective support *** light of this,a number of low-cost micropayment schemes for Bitcoin have been proposed recently to reduce micropayment *** schemes,however,suffer from drawbacks such as high computation cost,inflexible payment value,and possibly unfair *** paper proposes two new micropayment schemes,namely the basic MicroBTC and the advanced MicroBTC,for Bitcoin by integrating the hash chain technique into cryptocurrency *** basic MicroBTC realizes micropayment by exposing hash pre-images on the hash chain one by one,and it can also make arbitrary micropayments by exposing multiple hash *** further design the advanced MicroBTC to achieve non-interactive refund and efficient hash chain *** analyze the complexity and security of the both MicroBTC schemes and implement them using the Bitcoin source *** experiments were conducted to validate their performance,and the result showed that a micropayment session can be processed within about 18 ms for the basic MicroBTC and 9 ms for the advanced MicroBTC on a *** schemes enjoy great efficiency in computation and flexibility in micropayments,and they also achieve fairness for both the payer and the payee.

关键词： blockchain micropayment cryptocurrency hash chain Bitcion

Polar WRF *** and evaluation for the Antarctic and Southern Ocean

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第4期16卷 1005-1024页

作者： Jianjun XUE Ziniu XIAO david h.BROMWICh Lesheng BAI State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar and Climate Research CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081China

A recent version of the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting model(Polar WRF)has been upgraded to the version 4.X era with an improved NoahMP Land Surface Model(LSM).To assess the model performance over the Antarctic and Southern Ocean,downscaling simulations with different LSM(NoahMP,Noah),WRF versions(Polar WRF 4.1.1 and earlier version 4.0.3,WRF 4.1.1),and driving data(ERA-Interim,ERA5)are examined with two simulation modes:the short-term that consists of a series of 48 h segments initialized daily at 0000 UTC with the first 24 h selected for model spin-up,whereas the long-term component used to evaluate long-term prediction consists of a series of 38-41 day segments initialized using the first 10 days for spin-up of the hydrological cycle and planetary boundary layer *** using short-term mode driven by ERA-Interim with NoahMP and Noah are selected for benchmark *** results show that Polar WRF 4.1.1 has good skills over the Antarctic and Southern Ocean and better performance than earlier *** reduced downward shortwave radiation bias released with WRF 4.1.1 performed well with *** NoahMP and Noah led to very similar conclusions,NoahMP is slightly better than Noah,particularly for the 2 m temperature and surface radiation because the minimum albedo is set at 0.8 over the ice ***,a suitable nudging setting plays an important role in long-term forecasts,such as reducing the surface temperature diurnal cycle near the *** characteristics investigated in this study provide a benchmark to improve the model and guidance for further application of Polar WRF in the Antarctic.

关键词： Polar WRF downscaling simulation performance evaluation the Antarctic and Southern Ocean

Physical geology Charles C. Plummer, david McGeary, Diane h. Carlson 8th ed.

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cardiac Tolerance of hydroalcoholic Extract of Bark of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier (hAEBTM) in Wistar Rats

1999年

作者： Charles C. Plummer david McGeary Diane h. Carlson

"Featuring the Smithsonian Institution's Journey through geology CD-ROM."

ISBN: (纸本)0697374041

"Featuring the Smithsonian Institution's Journey through geology CD-ROM."

关键词： Physical geology.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

在线全文

畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第3期14卷 126-137页

作者： Irié Lou Bohila Emilie Kamo Kouakou Serge Kouassi Virginie Atto Allico Joseph Djaman Jean david N’guessan Mireille Dosso Department of Microbiology Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Biology and health Laboratory Flix Houphout-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier is a plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various pathologies. however, Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier could present potential health effects on patients. In order to determine the possible cardiotoxic effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of the bark of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier, (hAEBTM) forty (40) rats distributed randomly into 4 groups, including 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used. Animals in group 1 received distilled water and were used as a control group. On the other hand, groups 2, 3, 4 received oral administration a volume of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia mantaly h. Perrier corresponding to 1 mL/100g of body weight at 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, respectively. The extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days and serum was collected once a week to evaluate cardiac biochemical markers using spectrophotometric methods using a Cobas C311 hITAChI biochemistry system. After one month of study, all rats were euthanized by overdose of ether, and the hearts of the rats were removed for gross morphological and histopathological analysis. Results were analysed using variance analysis (ANOVA) to compare outcomes as a function of doses administered and treatment times. The biochemical parameters ALT, LDh, CPK, CPKMB showed no significant change (p Terminalia mantaly showed no lesions, edema and necrosis. These results suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia mantaly did not interfere with the functioning or alter the integrity of the heart.

关键词： Terminalia mantaly Bio Cardiac Tolerance Biochemical Markers histopathology

2nd UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar on PM2.5 science, health effects and control technologies, October 7-8, 2015 at 3M Innovation Center, Maplewood, MN, USA

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Particuology 2016年第4期14卷 141-142页

作者： david Y.h. Pui Junji Cao University of Minnesota MN 55455 USA Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an China

The First UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar was successfully held in Xi＇an, China, May 27-28,2014. A summary of the 1 st Bilateral Seminar was published in Particuology 16 （2014）, 227-229. The Second UMN-CAS Bilateral Semi... 详细信息

关键词： @@