检索结果-南通市图书馆

Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

National science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang david M.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El Haddad Jay g.slowik Andre s.H.Prevot Environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(sOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the sOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient sOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to sOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study sOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed sOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing sOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that sOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

Kerogen Kinetic Distributions and simulations Provide Insights into Petroleum Transformation Fraction (TF) Profiles of Organic-Rich shales

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Earth science 2024年第3期35卷 747-757页

作者： david A.Wood DWA Energy Limited Lincoln LN59JPUnited Kingdom

Two hundred and fifty single first-order Arrhenius reactions are simulated to generate s2 pyrograms at three heating rates 25,15,and 5°C·*** activation energy(E)and pre-exponential factor(A)of the reactions simulated follow a long-established trend of those variable values displayed by shales and *** characteristics of the transformation fraction(TF)profiles(product generation window temperatures)of the simulated single reactions are compared to the TF profiles of recorded shale pyrograms generated by multiple reactions with different E-A values lying near the defined E-A *** similarities and differences are observed between the TF profile values of the two *** similarities support the spread of E-A values involved in shale pyrogram best *** differences are most likely explained by the complexity of the multiple kerogen first-order and second-order reactions contributing to the recorded shale pyrograms versus the simplicity and crispness of the single first-order reactions *** results also justify the validity of using the previously described“variable E-A pyrogram-fitting method”of multi-heating-rate shale pyrograms enabling optimizers to choose multiple reactions from an unlimited range of E-A *** contrast,further doubt is cast on the validity of the constant-A pyrogram-fitting method used by the Easy%Ro technique,in that a distribution of reactions with a single A value is unlikely to represent the complex variety of kerogen macerals observed in shale *** profiles generated by the variable E-A pyrogram-fitting method lie close to the established E-A trend and are likely to provide more realistic TF generation window temperatures than TF profiles generated by the constant-A pyrogram-fitting method.

关键词： transformation fraction profiles simulated s2 pyrograms multiple heating rates kerogen/shale kinetics s2 pyrogram fitting techniques kerogen petroleum research.

Real-world clinical efficacy of tofacitinib in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第34期30卷 3929-3931页

作者： sara R Lopes Claudio Martins Madalena Teixeira david Tomás Department of gastroenterology Unidade Local de Saúde da Arrábida-Hospital de São BernardoSetúbal 2910-446Portugal

Tofacitinib is an oral small-molecule Janus kinase(JAK)inhibitor that preferentially inhibits JAK1 and *** efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis(UC)as well as its safety profile has been demonstrated in multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled ***,real-world studies evaluating the effectiveness and adverse effects of tofacitinib have been conducted,affirming its clinical efficacy in moderate-to-severe UC.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Tofacitinib Real-world studies Inflammatory bowel disease Janus kinase inhibitor

Women in visual neural regeneration research

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia s.Rex david J.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious goals Initiative(AgI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National science Foundation(NsF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

An Investigation into Forced Convection of a Nanofluid Flowing in a Rectangular Microchannel under the Influence of a Magnetic Field

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 311-323页

作者： Muataz s.Alhassan Ameer A.Alameri Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel I.B.sapaev Azher M.Abed david-Juan Ramos-Huallpartupa Rahman s.Zabibah Division of Advanced Nanomaterial Technologies Scientific Research CenterAl-Ayen UniversityThi-QarIraq Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq Research group in Educational statistics National University of EducatiosnAzoguesEcuador Department Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization EngineersNational Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Akfa University TashkentUzbekistan New Uzbekistan University TashkentUzbekistan Department of Airconditioning and Refrigeration Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHilla51001Iraq Academic Department of Agro-Industrial Engineering and Technology Universidad Nacional JoséMaría ArguedasApurimacPerú The Islamic University NajafIraq

In line with recent studies,where it has been shown that nanoﬂuids containing graphene have a stronger capacity to boost the heat transfer coefﬁcient with respect to ordinary nanoﬂuids,experiments have been conducted using water with cobalt ferrite/graphene *** particular,a circular channel made of copper subjected to a constant heatﬂux has been *** nanoparticles are sensitive to the presence of a magneticﬁeld,different conditions have been examined,allowing both the strength and the frequency of such aﬁeld to span relatively wide ranges and assuming different concentrations of *** to theﬁndings,the addition of nanoparticles to theﬂuid causes its rotation speed to increase by a factor of two,whereas ultraviolet radiation plays a negligible *** amount of time required to attain the maximum rotation speed of the nanoﬂuid and the Nusselt number have been measured under both constant and alternating magneticﬁelds for a ferroﬂuid with a concentration of 0.5%and atﬂow Reynolds number of 550 and 1750.

关键词： Nano fluid rectengular tube magnetic field

Foam rolling and stretching do not provide superior acute flexibility and stiffness improvements compared to any other warm-up intervention: A systematic review with meta-analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第4期13卷 509-520页

作者： Konstantin Warneke gerit Plöschberger Lars H.Lohmann Eric Lichtenstein Daniel Jochum stanislav D.siegel Astrid Zech david g.Behm Institute of sport science University of KlagenfurtKlagenfurt am Wörthersee 9020Austria Department of Human Motion science and Exercise Physiology Friedrich Schiller UniversityJena 07749Germany Department sport Exercise and HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Department of Health sciences and Technology ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland school of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.JohnsNL A1C 5S7Canada

Background:Acute improvement in range of motion(ROM)is a widely reported effect of stretching and foam rolling,which is commonly explained by changes in pain threshold and/or musculotendinous ***,these effects were also reported in response to various other active and passive interventions that induce responses such as enhanced muscle ***,we hypothesized that acute ROM enhancements could be induced by a wide variety of interventions other than stretching or foam rolling that promote an increase in muscle ***:After a systematic search in PubMed,Web of science,and sPORTDiscus databases,38 studies comparing the effects of stretching and foam rolling with several other interventions on ROM and passive properties were *** studies had 1134 participants in total,and the data analysis resulted in 140 effect sizes(Ess).Es calculations were performed using robust variance estimation model with ***:study quality of the included studies was classified as fair(PEDro score=4.58)with low to moderate certainty of *** showed no significant differences in ROM(Es=0.01,p=0.88),stiffness(Es=0.09,p=0.67),or passive peak torque(Es=-0.30,p=0.14)between stretching or foam rolling and the other identified *** plots revealed no publication ***:Based on current literature,our results challenge the established view on stretching and foam rolling as a recommended component of warm-up *** lack of significant difference between interventions suggests there is no need to emphasize stretching or foam rolling to induce acute ROM,passive peak torque increases,or stiffness reductions.

关键词： Range of motion Passive properties Muscletendon unit Muscle tissue

Estradiol increases cortical and trabecular bone accrual and bone strength in an adolescent male-to-female mouse model of gender-affirming hormone therapy

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 95-106页

作者： Tian Nie Varun s.Venkatesh suzanne golub Kathryn s.stok Haniyeh Hemmatian Reena Desai david J.Handelsman Jeffrey D.Zajac Mathis grossmann Rachel A.Davey Department of Medicine Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia ANZAC Research Institute University of Sydney and AndrologyConcord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the skeletal integrity and fracture risk in transitioning adolescent trans girls are *** address this knowledge gap,we developed a mouse model to simulate male-to-female transition in human adolescents in whom puberty is first arrested by using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs with subsequent estradiol *** was suppressed by orchidectomy in male mice at 5 weeks of *** 3 weeks post-surgery,male-to-female mice were treated with a high dose of estradiol(~0.85 mg)by intraperitoneal silastic implantation for 12 *** included intact and orchidectomized males at 3 weeks post-surgery,vehicle-treated intact males,intact females and orchidectomized males at 12 weeks *** to male controls,orchidectomized males exhibited decreased peak bone mass accrual and a decreased maximal force the bone could withstand prior to *** treatment in orchidectomized male-to-female mice compared to mice in all control groups was associated with an increased cortical thickness in the mid-diaphysis,while the periosteal circumference increased to a level that was intermediate between intact male and female controls,resulting in increased maximal force and *** trabecular bone,estradiol treatment increased newly formed trabeculae arising from the growth plate as well as mineralizing surface/bone surface and bone formation rate,consistent with the anabolic action of estradiol on osteoblast *** data support the concept that skeletal integrity can be preserved and that long-term fractures may be prevented in trans girls treated with gnRHa and a sufficiently high dose of *** study is needed to identify an optimal dose of estradiol that protects the bone without adverse side effects.

关键词： treatment treatment strength

Direct-to-indirect mapping for optimal low-thrust trajectories

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 27-46页

作者： david Ottesen Ryan P.Russell Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics The University of Texas at AustinAustinTexas78712USA

Optimal,many-revolution spacecraft trajectories are challenging to solve.A connection is made for a class of models between optimal direct and indirect *** transfers that minimize thrust-acceleration-squared,primer vector theory maps direct,many-impulsive-maneuver trajectories to the indirect,continuous-thrust-acceleration *** mapping algorithm is independent of how the direct solution is obtained and requires only a solver for a boundary value problem and its partial derivatives.A Lambert solver is used for the two-body problem in this *** mapping is simple because the impulsive maneuvers and co-states share the same linear space around an optimal *** numerical results,the direct coast-impulse solutions are demonstrated to converge to the indirect continuous solutions as the number of impulses and segments *** two-body design space is explored with a set of three many-revolution,many-segment examples changing semimajor axis,eccentricity,and *** first two examples involve a small change to either semimajor axis or eccentricity,and the third example is a transfer to geosynchronous *** a single processor,the optimization runtime is seconds to minutes for revolution counts of 10 to 100,and on the order of one hour for examples with up to 500 *** of these thrust-acceleration-squared solutions are good candidates to start a homotopy to a higher-fidelity minimization problem with practical constraints.

关键词： direct optimization indirect optimization impulsive maneuvers Lambert's problem two-body dynamics primer vectortheory

Enhanced Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion for rocks exposed to chemical corrosion

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 609-630页

作者： Hao Li Leo Pel Zhenjiang You david smeulders Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands Center for sustainable Energy and Resources School of EngineeringEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia school of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia gas and Energy Transition Research Centre The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Underground constructions often encounter water environments,where water–rock interaction can increase porosity,thereby weakening engineering ***,the failure criterion for chemically corroded rocks becomes essential in the stability analysis and design of such *** study enhances the applicability of the Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion for engineering structures operating in chemically corrosive conditions by introducing a kinetic porosity-dependent instantaneous mi(KPIM).A multiscale experimental investigation,including nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(sEM),pH and ion chromatography analysis,and triaxial compression tests,is employed to quantify pore structural changes and their linkage with the strength responses of limestone under coupled chemical-mechanical(C-M)*** employing ion chromatography and NMR analysis,along with incorporating the principles of free-face dissolution theory accounting for both congruent and incongruent dissolution,a kinetic chemical corrosion model is *** model aims to calculate the kinetic porosity alterations within rocks exposed to varying H+concentrations and ***,utilizing the generalized mixture rule(gMR),the kinetic porositydependent mi is *** of the KPIM-enhanced H-B criterion using compression test data from 5 types of rocks demonstrated a high level of consistency between the criterion and the experimental results,with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.96,a mean absolute percentage error less than 4.84%,and a root-mean-square deviation less than 5.95 ***,the physical significance of the porosity-dependent instantaneous mi is clarified:it serves as an indicator of a rock’s capacity to leverage the confining pressure effect.

关键词： Hoek-Brown(H-B)criterion Instantaneous mi Kinetic porosity-dependency Chemical corrosion Compressive strength