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Identification of novel molecular markers of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus using gene expression profiling in two consecutive generations of Chinese Holstein dairy cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 155-171页

作者： Di Wang Lei Liu Serafino M.A.Augustino Tao Duan Thomas J.Hall david e.machugh Jinhuan Dou Yi Zhang Yachun Wang Ying Yu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture&National Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinDublin D04 V1W8Ireland Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research University College DublinDublin D04 V1W8Ireland

Background: Mastitis in dairy cows caused by Staphylococcus aureus is a major problem hindering economic growth in dairy farms worldwide. It is difficult to prevent or eliminate due to its asymptomatic nature and long persistence of infection. Although transcriptomic responses of bovine mammary gland cells to pathogens that cause mastitis have been studied, the common responses of peripheral blood leukocytes to S. aureus infection across two consecutive generations of dairy cattle have not been ***: In the current study, RNA-Seq was used to profile the transcriptomes of peripheral blood leukocytes sampled from S. aureus-infected mothers and their S. aureus-infected daughters, and also healthy non-infected mothers and their healthy daughters. Differential gene expression was evaluated as follows: 1) S. aureus-infected cows versus healthy non-infected cows(S vs. H, which include all the mothers and daughters), 2) S. aureus-infected mothers versus healthy non-infected mothers(SM vs. HM), and 3) S. aureus-infected daughters versus healthy noninfected daughters(SMD vs. HMD).Results: Analysis of all identified expressed genes in the four groups(SM, SMD, HM, and HMD) showed that ePOR,IL9, IFNL3, CCL26, IL26 were exclusively expressed in both the HM and HMD groups, and that they were significantly(P enriched for the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. A total of 17, 13 and 10 differentially expressed genes(DeGs)(FDR Padj. 1.2) were detected in the three comparisons, respectively. DeGs with P 2 were used for functional enrichment analyses. For the S vs. H comparison, DeGs detected included CCL20, IL13 and MMP3, which are associated with the IL-17 signaling pathway. In the SM vs. HM and SMD vs. HMD comparisons, five(BLA-DQB, C1 R, C2, FCGR1 A, and KRT10) and six(BLA-DQB, C3 AR1, CFI, FCAR, FCGR3 A, and LOC10498484) genes, respectively, were involved in the S. aureus infection ***: Our stud

关键词： Dairy cow Disease resistance Mastitis Peripheral blood leukocyte Staphylococcus aureus Transcriptome Two generations

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Recent selection and introgression facilitated high-altitude adaptation in cattle

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Science Bulletin 2024年第21期69卷 3415-3424页

作者： Yang Lyu Fuwen Wang Haijian Cheng Jing Han Ruihua Dang Xiaoting Xia Hui Wang Jincheng Zhong Johannes A.Lenstra Hucai Zhang Jianlin Han david e.machugh Ivica Medugorac Maulik Upadhyay Alexander SLeonard He Ding Xiaorui Yang Ming-Shan Wang Suolang Quji Basang Zhuzha Pubu Quzhen Silang Wangmu Nima Cangjue Da Wa Weidong Ma Jianyong Liu Jicai Zhang Bizhi Huang Xingshan Qi Fuqiang Li Yongzhen Huang Yun Ma Yu Wang Yuanpeng Gao Wenfa Lu Chuzhao Lei Ningbo Chen Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Animal Production Product Qualityand SecurityMinistry of EducationCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyJilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118China Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesShandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and BreedingJinan 250000China College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Sichuan Province and Ministry of EducationSouthwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610000China Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht UniversityUtrecht 3584 CMThe Netherlands Institute for ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650500China Yazhouwan National Laboratory Sanya 572024China CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100000China Animal Genomics Laboratory UCD School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublin D04 V1W8Ireland UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research University College DublinDublin D04 V1W8Ireland Population Genomics Group Department of Veterinary SciencesLMU MunichMartinsried 82152Germany Animal Genomics ETH ZurichUniversitaetstrasse 2Zurich 8006Switzerland State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic AnimalsKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Xizang Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850000China Shigatse City Kan

During the past 3000 years,cattle on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau have developed adaptive phenotypes under the selective pressure of hypoxia,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,and extreme *** genetic mechanism underlying this rapid adaptation is not yet well ***,we present whole-genome resequencing data for 258 cattle from 32 cattle breeds/populations,including 89 Tibetan cattle representing eight populations distributed at altitudes ranging from 3400 m to 4300 *** genomic analysis revealed that Tibetan cattle exhibited a continuous phylogeographic cline from the east Asian taurine to the South Asian indicine *** found that recently selected genes in Tibetan cattle were related to body size(HMGA2 and NCAPG)and energy expenditure(DUOXA2).We identiﬁed signals of sympatric introgression from yak into Tibetan cattle at different altitudes,covering 0.64%–3.26%of their genomes,which included introgressed genes responsible for hypoxia response(eGLN1),cold adaptation(LRP11),DNA damage repair(LATS1),and UV radiation resistance(GNPAT).We observed that introgressed yak alleles were associated with noncoding variants,including those in present *** Tibetan cattle,three yak introgressed SNPs in the eGLN1 promoter region reduced the expression of eGLN1,suggesting that these genomic variants enhance hypoxia *** together,our results indicated complex adaptation processes in Tibetan cattle,where recently selected genes and introgressed yak alleles jointly facilitated rapid adaptation to high-altitude environments.

关键词： Tibetan cattle Introgression High-altitude adaptation Noncoding variant Cis-regulation

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A Review of the Taxonomy and Palaeoecology of the Anurognathidae(Reptilia,Pterosauria)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(english edition) 2020年第5期94卷 1676-1692页

作者： david W.e.HONe School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondonE14NSUK

The anurognathids are an enigmatic and distinctive clade of small,non-pterodactyloid pterosaurs with an unusual combination of anatomical traits in the head,neck,wings and *** are known from very limited remains and few have been described in detail,and as a result,much of their biology remains *** is despite their importance as potentially one of the earliest branches of pterosaur evolution or even lying close to the origins of *** review covers the taxonomy and palaeoecology of the anurognathids,which remain an interesting branch of pterosaurian evolution.

关键词： non-pterodactyloid palaeobiology flight Ornithodira

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On evidence-Based Practice in Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 919-927页

作者： david e.Alexander Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonLondon WCIE 6BTUK

Disaster science and scholarship are forever expanding and there are increasing calls to base disaster risk reduction policies on the evidence produced by such *** examples and argument,this opinion piece examines the nature of *** defines evidence-based practice and considers how it has developed and become important to disaster risk reduction.A definition of what constitutes evidence is difficult to achieve but it must be made in relation to whether the data and information collected can usefully be interpreted and employed to change things for the *** histories from past and present centuries show that evidence can sometimes be argued over *** other cases it is roundly *** yet other instances,false conclusions derived from evidence can become evidence in their own ***,there are situations in disaster risk reduction in which evidence is sorely needed but is clearly *** effectiveness of counter-terrorism measures is one such *** conclusion,evidence is valuable,above all if there is willingness to use it to support policy formulation,especially in a simple,transparent *** interpretation can never be entirely removed from the use of evidence,and evidence alone will not stimulate the policy formulators to improve their decision making.

关键词： Case histories Disaster risk reduction evidence-based practice Policy formulation

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On the Meaning of Impact in Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 822-827页

作者： david e.Alexander Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK

This article offers a discussion of the meaning,assessment,and measurement of impact in disaster risk *** begins with a historical perspective on the impact of learned work in times when orthodoxy posed severe limits on the impact of new *** the modern age,the article explains why impact is considered important and how it might be recognized when it occurs,including a tentative classification of types of *** question of whether impact can truly be measured remains pending,as the answer is diffuse and dependent on many different *** sections consider the relationship between impact and mainstreaming and the question of whether a piece of work should be regarded as having impact if its effects are negative rather than ***,impact is considered in terms of whom it *** the large number of possible reservations about the concept,the question is raised as to whether too much emphasis is given to the impact of research and ***,some suggestions are offered regarding how to obtain a better indication of what the impact of an academic study actually is.

关键词： Assessing impact Disaster risk reduction Disruptive thinking Impact of research Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction Measuring impact

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Pterosaur Research:Recent Advances and a Future Revolution

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Acta Geologica Sinica(english edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1366-1376页

作者： david W.e.HONe Department of earth Sciences University of Bristol School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London

In the years since the first description of a pterosaur specimen in 1784, pterosaur research has inevitably advanced considerably. However the last decade has arguably seen a much greater increase in our knowledge than the preceding two centuries. Since the turn of the new millennium, more than 40 new pterosaur genera and species have been described and whole new clades have been discovered, in addition to much new data being developed on pterosaur anatomy, functional morphology, palaeobiology, systematics, ecology and more. We are perhaps at the start of a golden age of pterosaur research and much as the dinosaurs underwent a revolution in the 1970s through to the early 1990s, now the Pterosauria are taking their turn. There is also a new and wider interest in pterosaur work as it attracts both more researchers and greater public interest. Pterosaurs appear to be an increasingly popular aspect of paleontology in popular culture and of interest to the media, both mainstream and digital.

关键词： paleontology Pterosauria science history of research academia

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Opinion: the use of natural hazard modeling for decision making under uncertainty

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Forest ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 139-142页

作者： david e Calkin Mike Mentis Forestry Sciences Laboratory US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Business & the environment Postnet Suite

Decision making to mitigate the effects of natural hazards is a complex undertaking fraught with uncertainty. Models to describe risks associated with natural hazards have proliferated in recent years. Concurrently, there is a growing body of work focused on developing best practices for natural hazard modeling and to create structured evaluation criteria for complex environmental models. However, to our knowledge there has been less focus on the conditions where decision makers can confidently rely on results from these models. In this review we propose a preliminary set of conditions necessary for the appropriate application of modeled results to natural hazard decision making and provide relevant examples within US wildfire management programs.

关键词： the use of natural hazard modeling for decision making under uncertainty

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Bmi-1, stem cells and prostate carcinogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 353-354页

作者： david Moscatelli e Lynette Wilson Department of Cell Biology NewYork University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA NYU Cancer Institute New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA Department of Urology New York University School of Medicine New York NY 10016. USA

Malignant transformation is likely to arise in a subset of organ-specific primitive cells that are subverted to acquire the properties of uncontrolled self-renewal. It is therefore likely that stem cells and tumorinitiating cells share many properties and that an understanding of the biology of normal stem cells and the identification of the pathways and molecules that regulate their self-renewal may result in our ability to design inhibitors that control the growth of tumor cells.

关键词： Cells Lymphocytes Regulations Stems Property Properties

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On ultrahigh temperature crustal metamorphism:Phase equilibria,trace element thermometry,bulk composition,heat sources,timescales and tectonic settings

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 311-356页

作者： david e.Kelsey Martin Hand Department of Geology and Geophysics School of Physical SciencesThe University of Adelaide

Ultrahigh temperature （UHT） metamorphism is the most thermally extreme form of regional crustal metamorphism, with temperatures exceeding 900 ℃. UHT crustal metamorphism is recognised in more than 50 localities globally in the metamorphic rock record and is accepted as ＇normal＇ in the spectrum of regional crustal processes. UHT metamorphism is Wpically identified on the basis of diagnostic mineral assemblages such as sapphirine ＋ quartz, orthopyroxene ＋ sillimanite ＋ quartz and osumilite in Mg-Al- rich rock compositions, now usually coupled with pseudosection-based thermobarometry using internally-consistent thermodynamic data sets and/or Al-in-Orthopyroxene and ternary feldspar thermobarometry. Significant progress in the understanding of regional UHT metamorphism in recent years includes：（1） development of a ferric iron activity-composition thermodynamic model for sapphirine, allowing phase diagram calculations for oxidised rock compositions; （2） quantification of UHT conditions via trace element thermometry, with Zr-in-rutile more commonly recording higher temperatures than Ti-in-zircon. Rutile is likely to be stable at peak UHT conditions whereas zircon may only grow as UHT rocks are cooling. In addition, the extent to which Zr diffuses out of rutile is controlled by chemical communication with zircon; （3） more fully recognising and utilising temperature-dependent thermal properties of the crust, and the possible range of heat sources causing metamorphism in geodynamic modelling studies; （4） recognising that crust partially melted either in a previous event or earlier in a long-duration event has greater capacity than fertile, unmelted crust to achieve UHT conditions due to the heat energy consumed by partial melting reactions; （5） more strongly linking U-Pb geochronological data from zircon and monazite to P-T points or path segments through using Y ＋ Ree partitioning between accessory and major phases, as well as phase diagrams incorporating Zr and Ree; and （

关键词： Sapphirine + quartz P-T pseudosections Zr-in-rutile Ti-in-zircon U-Pb geochronology Subduction

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ORIGINS OF POTASH DePOSITS IN THe QAIDAM BASIN, CHINA

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Science China Chemistry 1990年第2期33卷 198-210页

作者：孙大鹏 david e.LOCK Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Academia Sinica Xining 810008 PRC Australian National University Canberra Australia

The Qaidam Basin is a typically continental potash-bearing basin, which is comparatively rare in other countries. The potash deposits are widespread in the Quaternary salt lakes of the mid-western basin. At the same time, there exist many favourable conditions for the formation of potash deposits: (ⅰ)the sufficient source of potassium, (ⅱ) the optimum migration and accumulation processes of potassium, and (ⅲ) proper physico-chemical environments for separating potash salts. Owing to the differences in the supplying conditions for the external water to lake-basin and in the chemical compositions of those salt lake brines, potash deposits of various models and various types were formed.

关键词： potash deposits sulphate-type chloride-type polyhalite.

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