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Impact of age on host responses to diet-induced obesity:Development of joint damage and metabolic set points

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第2期9卷 132-139页

作者： Kelsey H.collins Graham Z.MacDonald david A.Hart Ruth A.Seerattan Jaqueline L.Rios Raylene A.Reimer Walter Herzog Human Performance Laboratory University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N IN 4Canada McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health University of CalgaryAB T2N1N4Canada Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63108USA Bone&Joint Health Strategic Clinical Network Alberta Health ServicesEdmontonAB T5E 4E3Canada Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryAB T2N IN4Canada

Background:Osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of pain and disability worldwide,and a large percentage of patients with osteoarthritis are individuals who are also *** recent years,a series of animal models have demonstrated that obesity-inducing diets can result in synovial joint damage(both with and without the superimposition of trauma),which may be related to changes in percentage of body fat and a series of low-level systemic inflammatory *** note,there is a disparity between whether the dietary challenges commence at weaning,representing a weanling onset,or at skeletal maturity,representing an adult onset of *** wished to evaluate the effect ofthe dietary exposure time and the age at which animals are exposed to a high-fat and high-sucrose(HFS) diet to determine whether these factors may result in disparate outcomes,as there is evidence suggesting that these factors result in differential metabolic *** on dietary exposure time,we hypothesized that rats fed an HFS diet for 14 weeks from weaning(HFS Weanling) would demonstrate an increase in knee joint damage scores,whereas rats exposed to the HFS diet for 4 weeks,starting at 12 weeks of age(HFS Adult) and rats exposed to a standard chow diet(Chow)would not display an increase in knee joint damage ***:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either an HFS diet for 14 weeks from weaning(HFS Weanling) or an HFS diet for 4 weeks,starting at 12 weeks of age(HFS Adult).At sacrifice,joints were scored using the modified Mankin Criteria,and serum was analyzed for a defined subset of inflammatory markers(Interleukin-6,leptin,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,and tumor necrosis factorα).Results:When the HFS Weanling and HFS Adult groups were compared,both groups had a similar percent of body fat,although the HFS Weanling group had a significantly greater body mass than the HFS Adult *** HFS Weanling and HFS Adult animals had a significant increase in body mass and pe

关键词： Adult exposure High-fat high-sucrose diet Rat obesity model Serum biomarkers Weanling exposure

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Understanding temporal stability:a long-term analysis of USDA ARS watersheds

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第10期14卷 1243-1254页

作者： Evan J.Coopersmith Michael H.Cosh Patrick J.Starks david D.Bosch Chandra Holifield collins Mark Seyfried Stan Livingston John Prueger Soil Insight LLCWashington D.C.USA USDA-Agricultural Research Service Beltsville Agricultural Research CenterHydrology and Remote Sensing LaboratoryBeltsvilleUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Grazinglands Research Laboratory El RenoUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory TiftonUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southwest Watershed Research Center TucsonUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Northwest Watershed Research Laboratory BoiseUSA USDAAgricultural Research Service-National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory West LafayetteUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesUSA

The *** of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service(USDAARS)maintains seven in situ soil moisture networks throughout the continental United States,some since *** networks are crucial for understanding the spatial and temporal extent of droughts in their historical context,parameterization of hydrologic models,and local agricultural decision ***,the estimates from these networks are dependent upon their ability to provide reliable soil moisture information at a large *** is also not known how many network stations are sufficient to monitor watershed scale ***,the objectives of this research were to:(1)determine how temporally stable these networks are,including the relationships between various sensors on a year-to-year and seasonal basis,and(2)attempt to determine how many sensors are required,within a network,to approximate the full network *** data from seven in situ,it is concluded that approximately 12 soil moisture sensors are sufficient in most environments,presuming their locations are distributed to capture the hydrologic heterogeneity of the *** is possible to install a temporary network containing a suitable number of sensors for an appropriate length of time,glean stable relationships between locations,and retain these insights moving forward with fewer sensor resources.

关键词： Soil moisture temporal stability in situ networks

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New Partnerships for Co-delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 680-685页

作者： Adrian Bucher Andrew collins Ben Heaven Taylor david Pan Emma Visman James Norris Joel CGill John Rees Mark Felling Marta Tufet Bayona Sonia Cassidy Virginia Murray UK Collaborative on Development Research London NW12BEUK Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Department of Geography and Environmental SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE18STUK Evidence Aid AbingdonOxfordshire OX135DBUK Global Health Medical Research Council SwindonSwindon SN21FLUK Department of Geography King's College LondonLondon WC2B 4BGUK VNG Consulting Limited Kent TN248DHUK Ordnance Survey Southampton SO16 OASUK Global Geoscience British Geological SurveyKeyworth NG125GGUK Earth Hazards and Observatories British Geological SurveyNottingham NG123ENUK ALLFED LondonUK Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK

Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable ***,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular *** November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 *** were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder *** the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared *** approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.

关键词： 2030 Agenda for sustainable development Disaster risk reduction DRG Inter national development Partnerships Research fun ding

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Post-weaning and whole-of-life performance of pigs is determined by live weight at weaning and the complexity of the diet fed after weaning

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 372-379页

作者： Cherie L.collins John R.Pluske Rebecca S.Morrison Trevor N.McDonald Robert J.Smits david J.Henman Ingunn Stensland Frank R.Dunshea Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne

The production performance and financial outcomes associated with weaner diet complexity for pigs of different weight classes at weaning were examined in this experiment. A total of 720 weaner pigs(360 entire males and 360 females) were selected at weaning(27 ± 3 d) and allocated to pens of 10 based on individual weaning weight(light weaning weight: pigs below 6.5 kg; medium weaning weight: 6.5 to8 kg; heavy weaning weight: above 8.5 kg). Pens were then allocated in a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with the respective factors being weaning weight(heavy, medium and light; H, M and L,respectively), weaner diet complexity(high complexity/cost, HC; low complexity/cost, LC), and gender(male and female). Common diets were fed to both treatment groups during the final 4 weeks of the weaner period(a period of 39 days). In the first 6 d after weaning, pigs offered the HC diets gained weight faster and used feed more efficiently than those offered the LC diets(P = 0.031). Pigs fed a HC diet after weaning tended to be heavier at the sale live weight of 123 d of age compared with pigs fed the LC diet(P = 0.056). There were no other main effects of the feeding program on growth performance through to slaughter. Weaning weight had a profound influence on lifetime growth performance and weight at 123 d of age, with H pigs at weaning increasing their weight advantage over the M and L pigs(101.3,97.1, 89.6 kg respectively, P < 0.001). Cost-benefit analyses suggested there was a minimal benefit in terms of cost per unit live weight gain over lifetime when pigs were offered a HC feeding program to L,with a lower feed cost/kg gain. The results from this investigation confirm the impact of weaning weight on lifetime growth performance, and suggest that a HC feeding program should be focused on L weaner pigs(i.e., weaning weight less than 6.5 kg at 27 d of age) in order to maximise financial returns.

关键词： Pigs Performance Diet complexity Weaning weight Carcass characteristics Cost benefit analyses

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Pesticide and Nutrient Loads of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第10期13卷 794-806页

作者： collins Kuffour david Kofi Essumang Hugh Komla Akotoye Richard Amankwah Kuffour Janice Dwomoh Abraham Department of Environmental Health and Sanitation Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Mampong Ashanti Region Ghana School of Physical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Central Region Ghana Department of Environmental Science University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Central Region Ghana Department of Biological Sciences Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Mampong Ashanti Region Ghana

Pollution of Lake Bosomtwe is a major concern in Ghana due to its derived socio-economic benefits such as employment, ecotourism and major protein source to the people in the basin. Besides these benefits, the lake water is used for domestic purposes and has since served as the drinking water source to the people. However, the use of agrochemicals within the basin has intensified within the last decade. The problems associated with fertilizer and pesticide use in the Bosomtwe basin seem to carry with it a higher price, which, if not identified and checked, will overshadow the desired benefits of the lake. This study assesses pesticide and nutrient loads of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Fifty-four (54) lake water samples were collected from September 2016 to February 2017. Pesticide samples were extracted using the solid phase extraction method and GCMS to identify the pesticides present in the water samples and determine their loads. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS version 20) for descriptive statistics. The concentration of dichlorvos was a bit lower when compared with the WHO/USEPA guidelines of 5 ppb for surface water. Diazinon had a mean concentration of 0.28 ± 0.03 ppb which was higher than the WHO 0.05 ppb and USEPA 0.04 ppb for surface water bodies. The detection of diazinon confirms the findings from the field survey, which revealed that diazinon, is an active ingredient of a pesticide with a trade name “Akate suro”, which was extensively used by cocoa farmers along the banks of the lake. The mean concentration recorded for nitrate and phosphate were 0.15 ± 0.05 mg/L and 0.40 ± 0.12 mg/L respectively. The pesticides application inventory and implications of pesticide and nutrient loads on the lake are discussed in the paper.

关键词： Organochlorine Organophosphorus Pesticide Fertilizer Bosomtwe

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Regioselectivity Differentiation in Metalations of 3,5-Dichloro-Tertiary versus Secondary Benzamides

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2016年第2期6卷 142-146页

作者： Francesca Khani Tina Fleming Carleton collins Erica Tabakin Lynn M. Bradley david A. Hunt Department of Chemistry The College of New Jersey Ewing USA

Metalation regioslectivity of 3,5-dichlorobenzamides is a function of the type of amide (secondary versus tertiary) used in the sequence. Metalation at the 2-position (adjacent to the carboxamide functional group) occurs when the secondary benzamide is metalated with sec-butyllithium/ TMEDA mediated through complex-induced proximity effects (CIPE) process, whereas metalation with sec-butyllithium/TMEDA occurs exclusively at the 4-position when the tertiary benzamide is used under identical reaction conditions.

关键词： Directed Ortho-Metalation Complex-Induced Proximity Effects (CIPE) 3 5-Dichlorobenzamides

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Neglected tropical diseases activities in Africa in the COVID-19 era:the need for a"hybrid" approach in COVID-endemic times

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 74-86页

作者： david Molyneux Simon Bush Ron Bannerman Philip Downs Joy Shu'aibu Pelagie Boko-collins loasia Radvan Leah Wohlgemuth Chris Boyton Department of Tropical Diseases Biology Centre for Neglected Tropical DiseasesLiverpool School of Tropical MedicinePern broke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK Neglected Tropical Diseases SightsaversAirportP O Box KIA18190AccraGhana Neglected Tropical Diseases(Ascend West and Central Africa) Sightsavers35 Perrymount RdHaywards Heath RH163BZUK Neglected Tropical Diseases Sightsavers23 Beverly Dr.DurhamNC 27707USA Programme Operations SightsaversNigeria Country Office-No 1 Golf Course RoadRO.Box 503KadunaNigeria Neglected Tropical Diseases SightsaversBenin Country Office-3 rd Floor of the Riveria Golf BuildingAkpakpaLot 4002 FOld BridgeRepublic of Benin Neglected Tropical Diseases Sightsavers35Perrymount RdHaywards Heath RH163BZ.UK M&C Saatchi World Services 36 Golden SquareLondon W 9EEUK.

With the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic showing no signs of abating,resuming neglected tropical disease(NTD)activities,particularly mass drug administration(MDA)Z is *** to resume activities will not only enhance the risk of NTD transmission,but will fail to leverage behaviour change messaging on the importance of hand and face washing and improved sanitation--a common strategy for several NTDs that also reduces the risk of COVID-19 *** so-called"hybrid approach"will dem on strate best practices for mitigating the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)by incorporating physical distancing,use of masks,and frequent hand-washing in the delivery of medicines to endemic communities and support action against the transmission of the virus through water,sanitation and hygiene interventions promoted by NTD *** MDA and morbidity management activities resume,achievement of NTD targets as projected in the WHO/NTD Roadmap(2021-2030)will be deferred,the aspirational goal of NTD programmes to enhance universal health coverage jeopardised and the call to leave no one behind'a hollow *** outline what implementing this hybrid approach,which aims to strengthen health systems,and facilitate integration and cross-sector collaboration,can achieve based on work undertaken in several African countries.

关键词： COVID-19 Neglected tropical diseases Mass drug administration Morbidity management Communities Water Sanitation and hygiene Behaviour change

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State of Play of the Use of Children’s Health Booklets in Cameroon according to Child Health Professionals

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第4期12卷 688-710页

作者： collins Tchakoute Félicitée Nguefack Anicet Romaric Mpangop david Chelo Yolande Djike Puepi Fokam Georges Nguefack-Tsague Centre Médical la Cathédrale Yaoundé Cameroon Centre Médical la Cathédrale Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon AfricanGenesic Health Medical and Surgical Centre Yaoundé Cameroon Centre Mèreet Enfant of the Chantal Biya Foundation Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Introduction: The Child health booklet has been shown to be an essential tool for monitoring the implementation of interventions with a high impact on reducing infant and child mortality. Objective: To describe the opinion of child health providers about child health records. Methodology: Cross-sectional survey of health professionals on content, ease of use and recommendations for a health record of the ideal child. Results: About 3/4 (75%) of participants considered medical follow-up useful and 91.5% wanted it to be conducted at all levels of health care. According to 93% of them, all health care providers should be involved. However, almost two-thirds (65.5%) had never been trained to use the child’s health record. About half (54.2%) of them had already seen the national manual and only 43.7% had ever filled it out, 82.2% of whom found it very difficult. With regards to the assessment of the content, 44.4% to 57.7% of respondents were dissatisfied with 12 of the 16 subheadings of the handbook. As for an ideal child health record, the majority recommended that it should contain indicators related to: childbirth, growth, monitoring of preventive activities and advice to parents. Conclusion: Child health booklets available in health facilities in Cameroon are not optimally used to reduce infant and child morbidity and mortality. It is important to review the content of the child’s health booklets in order to adapt it to the Cameroonian context.

关键词： Booklets Health Child Use Opinion Providers

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Wastewater surveillance provides 10-days forecasting of COVID-19 hospitalizations superior to cases and test positivity:A prediction study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1138-1150页

作者： Dustin T.Hill Mohammed A.Alazawi E.Joe Moran Lydia J.Bennett Ian Bradley Mary B.collins Christopher J.Gobler Hyatt Green Tabassum Z.Insaf Brittany Kmush Dana Neigel Shailla Raymond Mian Wang Yinyin Ye david A.Larsen Department of Public Health Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Center for Environmental Health New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNYUSA CDC Foundation AtlantaGAUSA Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Sustainability Studies DivisionStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Institute for Advanced Computational Science Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA New York State Center for Clean Water Technology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Department of Environmental Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity at AlbanyRensselaerNYUSA Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Applied SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Background:The public health response to COVID-19 has shifted to reducing deaths and hospitalizations to prevent overwhelming health *** amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments in wastewater are known to correlate with clinical data including cases and hospital admissions for *** developed and tested a predictive model for incident COVID-19 hospital admissions in New York State using wastewater ***:Using county-level COVID-19 hospital admissions and wastewater surveillance covering 13.8 million people across 56 counties,we fit a generalized linear mixed model predicting new hospital admissions from wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from April 29,2020 to June 30,*** included covariates such as COVID-19 vaccine coverage in the county,comorbidities,demographic variables,and holiday ***:Wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlated with new hospital admissions per 100,000 up to ten days prior to *** that included wastewater had higher predictive power than models that included clinical cases only,increasing the accuracy of the model by 15%.Predicted hospital admissions correlated highly with observed admissions(r¼0.77)with an average difference of 0.013 hospitalizations per 100,000(95%CI¼[0.002,0.025])Interpretation:Using wastewater to predict future hospital admissions from COVID-19 is accurate and effective with superior results to using case data *** lead time of ten days could alert the public to take precautions and improve resource allocation for seasonal surges.

关键词： COVID-19 hospitalizations Wastewater-based epidemiology Forecasting Prediction SARS-CoV-2

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Ecology and management of rodents in no-till agriculture in Washington, USA

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第3期2卷 154-164页

作者： Gary WITMER Rodney SAYLER david HUGGINS Jason CAPELLI US Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColoradoUSA Washington State University PullmanWashingtonUSA

No-till farming is an important approach to sustainable agriculture because it can conserve soil and water ***, rodent populations can thrive under no-till conditions because burrow systems are not disrupted byannual plowing and plant residues build-up on the surface, providing cover and insulation. This can result in substantialcrop damage. We assessed rodent populations, habitat use, food habits, and crop damage in a no-till croppingsystem in Washington, USA. We also conducted preliminary trials of methods to reduce rodent populationsand crop damage. In the fall, many more rodents were captured in fields with unharvested crops than in fieldscontaining only plant stubble, suggesting that rodents leave fields after crop harvest, providing that suitable habitatsare nearby, even when adequate cover is still available in harvested crop fields. By spring, the number of volescaptured was much lower relative to fall. Despite this, capture rates were much higher in surrounding permanentgrass areas than in crop (barley, wheat, pea) fields, suggesting that these grassy areas serve as refugia for ***, the permanent grass cover type was the landscape variable most associated with rodent capture *** three winter pea fields, rodents removed 5–15% of the pea plants over winter. Examination of stomach contentsrevealed that voles mainly fed on grain plants in spring, but that their diet was more diversified in fall. Deer micefed heavily on grain plants in both spring and fall, but also used insects as food. Metal barrier exclosures (9 m × 9m), extending above and below ground, did not prevent access by rodents. Rodent populations in areas treated withzinc phosphide on grain were comparable to untreated areas 1 year after application of the rodenticide, perhaps becauseof immigration and recruitment, suggesting that baiting does not provide a long-term solution to rodent damagein no-till agricultural fields.

关键词： agriculture damage deer mouse feeding ecology Microtus Peromyscus rodent vole

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