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Pancreatic pseudocyst drainage guided by endoscopic ultrasound

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2010年第6期2卷 193-197页

作者： Juan J Vila david carral Ignacio Fernández-Urien Endoscopy Unit Gastroenterology DepartmentHospital de Navarra Endoscopy Unit Gastroenterology DepmentComplejo Hospitalario Xeral-Calde

Pancreatic pseudocysts can be managed conservatively in the majority of patients but some of them will require surgical,endoscopic or percutaneous drainage. Endoscopic drainage represents an efficient modality of drainage with a high resolution rate and lower morbidity and mortality than the surgical or percutaneous *** this article we review the endoscopic pseudocyst drainage procedure with special emphasis on technical details.

关键词： Endosonography Pancreatic pseudocyst Drainage Endoscopy Digestive system Therapeutics

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The use of remote sensing to detect the consequences of erosion in gypsiferous soils

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第4期8卷 383-392页

作者： Maria Jose Marques Ana Alvarez Pilar carral Blanca Sastre Ramón Bienes Geology and Geochemistry Department Autonomous University of MadridCalle Francisco Tomás y Valiente728040MadridSpain Department of Applied Research and Agrarian Extension IMIDRAFinca El Encín.Carretera A-2Km 38.8.Alcaláde Henares28800MadridSpain

Tillage practices on sloping ground often result in unsustainable soil losses impairing soil functions such as crop productivity,water and nutrients storage,and soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration.A sloping olive grove(10%)was planted in shallow gypsiferous soils in *** was managed by minimum tillage;the most frequent management practice in central *** consequences of erosion were studied in soil samples(at 0-10,10-20,and 20-30 cm depths)by analyzing SOC,available water and gypsum content,and by detecting spectral signatures using an ASD FieldSpecPro(R)VIS/*** Brightness index(BI),Shape index(FI),and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)were derived from the ASD spectral signatures and from remote sensing(Sentinel-2 image)*** development of these young olive trees was estimated from the measured diameter of the trunks(17±18 cm diameter).In 20-30 cm of the soil,the carbon stock(38±18 Mg ha-1)as well as the available water content(12±6%)was scarce,affecting the productivity of the olive *** above-mentioned indices obtained from the laboratory samples and the pixels of the Sentinel-2 image were significantly(p<0.01)correlated,with a correlation coefficient of around *** BI was related to the gypsum content and the slope of the *** FI was related to the carbon and water *** NDVI derived from the satellite image identified the influence of soil degradation on the trees and the carbon *** spatialtemporal changes of the indices might help in tracking soil changes over time.

关键词： Tillage Erosion NDVI Gypsum Remote sensing Soil color

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Noisy environments:untangling the role of anthropogenic noise on bird species richness in a Neotropical city

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Avian Research 2020年第3期11卷 258-264页

作者： Cecilia Odette carral-Murrieta Michelle Garcia-Arroyo Oscar H.Marin-Gomez J.Roberto Sosa-Lopez Ian MacGregor-Fors Red de Ambiente y Sustentabilidad Instituto de EcologíaA.C.(INECOL)Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351El Haya91070 XalapaVeracruzMexico Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca(CIIDIR) Instituto Politécnico NacionalOaxacaMexico Dirección de Cátedras Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(CONACYT)Mexico CityMexico

Background:Among urban stimuli,anthropogenic noise has been identified to be one of the behavioral drivers of species that rely on acoustic signals for *** have shown both species‑specific and assemblage responses to urban noise,ranging from the modulation of their acoustic frequencies and spatiotemporal adjustments to declines in species *** this study,we assessed the citywide relationship between two anthropogenic noise variables(noise levels recorded during bird surveys and daily average noise levels)and vegetation cover with bird species ***:This study was conducted in the city of Xalapa(Mexico)through a 114 citywide point‑count *** recorded bird communities at each sampling *** measured noise levels using a sound level meter while performing point‑***,we generated a map of average daily noise of the city using an array of 61 autonomous recording units distributed across the city of Xalapa and calculated daily noise levels for the 114 *** ran a linear model(LM)to assess potential relationships between both point‑count and daily(24 h)noise values and vegetation cover with bird ***:Results from the LM show:(1)a negative relationship between maximum point‑count noise and avian species richness,(2)no relationship between 24 h noise and bird species richness,and(3)a positive relationship between vegetation cover and bird species ***:Results provide evidence that decreases in urban bird species richness do not necessarily imply the permanent absence of species,suggesting that birds can temporarily fly away from or avoid sites when noisy,become cryptic while noisy events are occurring,or be undetected due to our inability to record them in the field during noisy events.

关键词： Avian ecology Bird communication Noise pollution Species richness Urban ecology

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Interpretation of Data in Psychology： A False Problem, a True Issue

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2015年第1期5卷 54-62页

作者： Maria del Rio carral Marie Santiago-Delefosse University of Lausanne

In psychology, the concept of interpretation has been namely associated to the subjectivist paradigm underpinning qualitative approaches, rather than the objectivist paradigm charactefising quantitative research. In this article, we challenge this belief by showing how interpretation concerns psychology as a whole. To do this, the authors will first consider some dominant tendencies characterising the psychological field in general, such as the ＂empiricist illusion＂ and the ＂trap of scientism＂（Vygotsky 1999）. Moreover, they will introduce the cultural perspective in psychology, pertinent to deconstruct several assumptions regarding research within the discipline. Stemming from this approach, ＂indirect methods＂ will be presented with regard to their potential to analyse psychological phenomena both qualitatively and scientifically. They will conclude by describing a set of principles that can be implemented when doing qualitative research as to ensure the quality and the adequacy of interpretation.

关键词： qualitative research interpretation empiricist illusion indirect methods critical psychology

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西班牙Ⅱ型糖尿病治疗的经济成本

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中国药物经济学 2007年第6期2卷 61-68页

作者： Miguel Ballesta Florentino carral Gabriel Olveira José Antonio Girón Manuel Aguilar 李洪超 Primary Health Care District Bahíade Cádiz-La Janda Cadiz Endocrinology and Nutrition Service Puerta del Mar University HospitalCadiz Servicio de Endocrinologíay NutriciónHospital Universitario Puerta del Mar Cadiz Endocrinology and Nutrition Service Carlos Haya University HospitalMalaga Internal Medicine Service Puerta del Mar University HospitalCadiz Endocrinology and Nutrition Service Puerta del Mar University HospitalCadiz

我们在西班牙南部的一个卫生保健地区开展了一项为期1年的Ⅱ型糖尿病病人卫生资源消耗的描述性与观察性研究。总共对517名患者进行了评估,患者的平均发病时间为(9.7±8)年。每一名患者每年总成本为4278欧元,其中直接成本2504欧元,间接成... 详细信息

我们在西班牙南部的一个卫生保健地区开展了一项为期1年的Ⅱ型糖尿病病人卫生资源消耗的描述性与观察性研究。总共对517名患者进行了评估,患者的平均发病时间为(9.7±8)年。每一名患者每年总成本为4278欧元,其中直接成本2504欧元,间接成本1774欧元。多元回归分析显示,总成本与以下变量之间独立相关:肥胖、性别、糖尿病相关住院次数、永久残疾、大血管并发症,以及微血管和大血管并发症同时发生。我们的研究结果一方面证实了Ⅱ型糖尿病治疗高昂的经济成本,另一方面也证实了糖尿病的疾病经济成本与肥胖、性别、糖尿病相关住院次数、永久残疾和慢性并发症等因素之间的直接关系。

关键词： Ⅱ型糖尿病成本经济成本并发症代谢控制

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