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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2016年第9期37卷 1113-1130页

作者： Jian wu c.Q.RU Liang ZHANG Ling WAN college of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Alberta State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology

The internal stress field of an inhomogeneous or homogeneous inclusion in an infinite elastic plane under uniform stress-free eigenstrains is studied. The study is restricted to the inclusion shapes defined by the polynomial mapping functions mapping the exterior of the inclusion onto the exterior of a unit circle. The inclusion shapes, giving a polynomial internal stress field, are determined for three types of inclusions, i.e., an inhomogeneous inclusion with an elastic modulus different from the surrounding matrix, an inhomogeneous inclusion with the same shear modulus but a different Poisson＇s ratio from the surrounding matrix, and a homogeneous inclusion with the same elastic modulus as the surrounding matrix. Examples are presented, and several specific conclusions are achieved for the relation between the degree of the polynomial internal stress field and the degree of the mapping function defining the inclusion shape.

关键词： inclusion shape internal stress field eigenstrain polynomial

More than mimicry？ Evaluating scope for flicker-fusion as a defensive strategy in coral snake mimics

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current Zoology 2014年第1期60卷 123-130页

作者： Georgia c. TITcOMB david W. KIKUcHI david W. PFENNIG Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280

coral snakes and their mimics often have brightly colored banded patterns, generally associated with warning colora- tion or mimicry. However, such color patterns have also been hypothesized to aid snakes in escaping predators through a ＂flicker-fusion＂ effect. According to this hypothesis, banded color patterns confuse potential predators when a snake transitions from resting to moving because its bands blur together to form a different color. To produce this motion blur, a moving snake＇s bands must transition faster than the critical flicker-fusion rate at which a predator＇s photoreceptors can refresh. It is unknown if coral snakes or their mimics meet this requirement. We tested this hypothesis by measuring the movement speed and color pat- terns of two coral snake mimics, Lampropeltis triangulum campbelli and L. elapsoides, and comparing the frequency of color transitions to the photoreceptor activity of the avian eye. We found that snakes often produced a motion blur, but moving snakes created a blurring effect more often in darker conditions, such as sunrise, sunset, and nighttime when these snakes are often active. Thus, at least two species of coral snake mimics are capable of achieving flicker-fusion, indicating that their color patterns may confer an additional defense aside from mimicry

关键词： coral snake mimicry Flicker-fusion effect cFF Kingsnake Defensive strategy

The potential of berries to serve as selective inhibitors of pathogens and promoters of beneficial microorganisms

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第1期1卷 3-12页

作者： Alison Lacombe Vivian c.H.wu School of Graduate Studies and Research National University of Natural MedicinePortlandOregon ProduceSafety and Microbiology Research Unit Western Regional Research CenterAgricultural Research ServiceUnitedStates Department of AgricultureAlbanyCaliforniaUSA

OBJEcTIVES:Berries are distinct from other foods because of their unique compounds with bioprotective effects and antimicrobial/prebiotic *** new knowledge of how these unique phytochemicals differentially affect microbial communities,inhibit foodborne pathogens,and conserve beneficial species,the health claims associated with berries can be further *** review explores components of berries that have antimicrobial or prebiotic properties and incorporates new knowledge gained from both in vitro and in vivo ***:With the continued research efforts,antimicrobials and prebiotics derived from berries may provide an alternative to synthetic preservatives and antibiotics in addition to providing health benefits to *** could be applied to food products or as dietary interventions through elucidating which compounds have antimicrobial properties and how pH and nutrient condition impact their *** addition,these compounds can be added to foods with beneficial microorganisms with minimal impact on their probiotic viability.

关键词： berries probiotics pathogens

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Double-Side Friction Stir Welds Between Medium-Thick 6061-T6 Aluminum and Pure copper Plates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第12期35卷 2027-2046页

作者： J.X.Tang L.Shi c.S.wu M.X.wu S.Gao MOE Key Lab for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Materials Processing Institute of Materials JoiningShandong UniversityJinan 250061China State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute Zhengzhou 450052China School of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China

It is difficult to achieve Al/cu dissimilar welds with good mechanical properties for medium-thick plates due to the inherent high heat generation rate at the shoulder-workpiece contact interface in conventional friction stir ***,doubleside friction stir welding is innovatively applied to join 12-mm medium-thick 6061-T6 aluminum alloy and pure copper dissimilar plates,and the effect of welding speeds on the joint microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/cu welds is systematically *** reveals that a sound Al/cu joint without macroscopic defects can be achieved when the welding speed is lower than 180 mm/min,while a nonuniform relatively thick intermetallic compound(IMc)layer is formed at the Al/cu interface,resulting in lots of local microcracks within the first-pass weld under the plunging force of the tool during friction stir welding of the second-pass,and seriously deteriorates the mechanical properties of the *** the increase of welding speed to more than 300 mm/min void defects appear in the joint,but the joint properties are still better than the welds performed at low welding speed conditions since a continuous uniform thin IMcs layer is formed at the Al/cu *** maximum tensile strength and elongation of Al/cu weld are,respectively,135.11 MPa and 6.06%,which is achieved at the welding speed of 400 mm/*** addition,due to the influence of welding distortion of the first-pass weld,the secondpass weld is more prone to form void defects than the first-pass weld when the same plunge depth is applied on both *** double-side friction stir welding is proved to be a good method for dissimilar welding of medium-thick Al/cu plates.

关键词： Double-side friction stir welding Medium-thick plate Dissimilar welding Microstructures Intermetallic compounds Mechanical properties

Why endophenotype development requires families

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3382-3384页

作者： GLAHN david c BLANGERO John Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06511 USA Olin Neuropsychiatry Research center Institute of Living Hartford Hospital CT 06106 USA Department of Genetics Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio TX 78227 USA

Endophenotypes are heritable quantitative traits that are associated with disease liability, can be measured in both affected and unaffected individuals, and provide much greater power to localize and identify risk genes for mental illness than does affection status alone. Traditionally, endophenotypic markers for psychiatric illnesses include in vivo neuroanatomic and functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements and indices of neurocognitive abilities. However, neurocognitive and neuroimaging measures are by no means the only classes of endophenotypes that could be useful for identifying genes for mental illness. Given the advantages of endophenotype-based strategies for elucidating the genetic underpinnings of psychiatric disorders, it would seem prudent to develop a wide range of putative endophenotypes. In order for a measure to be considered a valid endophenotype, it must meet a number of criteria. Specifically, the trait must (1) have moderate to high heritability, (2) be associated with the illness, (3) be independent of clinical state, and (4) impairment must co-segregate with the illness within a family, with non-affected family members showing impairment relative to the general population. While each of these criteria is critical, the heritability and co-segregation requirements are really what differentiate an endophenotype from a simple biomarker. At this time, one requires an experimental design that includes families to demonstrate both heritability and co-segregation. The assertion that novel endophenotypes can not be fully established without family data does not preclude work in unrelated individuals, rather that unrelated samples will only be able to nominate potential candidate endophenotypes that subsequently need to be confirmed in family-based experiments.

关键词：家庭成员稳定精神疾病遗传基础数量性状成像测量生物标志物神经管

Pulsed electrolysis of carbon dioxide by large-scale solid oxide electrolytic cells for intermittent renewable energy storage

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carbon Energy 2023年第4期5卷 2-12页

作者： Anqi wu chaolei Li Beibei Han wu Liu Yang Zhang Svenja Hanson Wanbing Guan Subhash c.Singhal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboZhejiangChina Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboZhejiangChina

cO_(2) electrolysis with solid oxide electrolytic cells(SOEcs)using intermittently available renewable energy has potential applications for carbon neutrality and energy *** this study,a pulsed current strategy is used to replicate intermittent energy availability,and the stability and conversion rate of the cyclic operation by a large-scale flat-tube SOEc are *** hundred cycles under pulsed current ranging from -100 to -300 mA/cm^(2) with a total operating time of about 800 h were carried *** results show that after 100 cycles,the cell voltage attenuates by 0.041%/cycle in the high current stage of−300 mA/cm^(2),indicating that the lifetime of the cell can reach up to about 500 *** total cO_(2) conversion rate reached 52%,which is close to the theoretical value of 54.3% at -300 mA/cm^(2),and the calculated efficiency approached 98.2%,assuming heat *** study illustrates the significant advantages of SOEc in efficient electrochemical energy conversion,carbon emission mitigation,and seasonal energy storage.

关键词： carbon dioxide cyclic electrolysis pulse current solid oxide electrolytic cells

Incidence of Interpersonal Violence among Individuals with Drug Addiction Receiving compulsory Treatment: A Survey at Two Drug Detention centers in Hunan, china

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期31卷 883-887页

作者： wu Xiao Lin XIE Yi Yun NING Pei Shan DI Xiao Kang david c.ScHWEBEL HU Guo Qing Zhou Enlai School of Government Nankai University Jinnan District Tianjin 300050 China Department of Public Administration Central South University Changsha 410008 Hunan China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Xiangya School of Public Health Central South University Changsha 410078 Hunan China Department of Social Medicine and Health Management Xiangya School of Public Health Central South University Changsha 410078 Hunan China Department of Psychology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham35294 Alabama United States of America

Drug dependence is a serious global health *** assist individuals with drug addiction,china alone has established 678 compulsory Detoxification Detention centers （cDDcs） that treat over300,000i ndividuals who are re... 详细信息

关键词： A Survey at Two Drug Detention centers in Hunan china Incidence of Interpersonal Violence among Individuals with Drug Addiction Receiving compulsory Treatment

Male contraception:prospects for the new millennium

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2000年第1期2卷 3-12页

作者： W.M.Hair F.c.W.wu Department of Medicine University of Manchester Manchester MI3 9WL UKDepartment of Medicine University of Manchester Manchester MI3 9WL UK

Effective regulation of human fertility has global consequences in terms of resource depletion, pollution and pover-ty. current family planning services predominantly target a female clientele with few significant developments in malefertility regulation for over a century. The last two decades have witnessed a gathering interest, initially from the scien-tific community, and laterally from industry, in the development of safe, reliable, reversible methods of contraceptionfor men. This review summarises the methods of male fertility regulation which are currently available and critically ex-amines the published data on novel developments in male hormonal contraception which offer the potential of improvedcontraceptive choice for all in new millennium. (Asian J Androl 2000; 2: 3 - 12)

关键词： contraception male contraceptive agents male contraceptive devices gonadotropins testosterone androgen

Unusual F_(3)stacking fault in magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第7期11卷 2404-2428页

作者： Y.Yue S.L.Yang c.c.wu J.F.Nie Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityVictoria 3800Australia

An unusual F_(3)basal stacking fault resulting from twin-dislocation interaction in magnesium is observed in molecular dynamics *** F_(3)fault is produced in the twin lattice from the interaction between a migrating(1012)twin boundary and a partial dislocation of either a prismaticc>edge,or a prismaticc+a>mixed dislocation in the *** condition is that the partial dislocation needs to have a negative sign and lie on a plane intersecting a compression site of the twin *** F_(3)fault can also be generated when a positive basalmixed dislocation in the twin lattice,with slip plane intersecting a compression site of the twin boundary,interacts with a basal-prismatic twinning *** F_(3)fault comprises two I_(1) faults that have the same character but are separated by two basal *** has one end connected to the twin boundary,and the other end bounded by a lattice defect with a Burgers vector identical to that of a 30°Shockley partial *** formation frequency of the F_(3)fault is higher at a lower shear stress(below∼400 MPa)and/or a lower temperature(100 K and 200 K).The F_(3)fault can decompose into a glissile 30°Shockley and a T_(2) fault at a temperature above∼400 *** relationships between the F_(3)fault and other types of basal stacking faults such as I_(2),T_(2) or paired I_(1) faults that are separated by multiple basal layers are discussed.

关键词： Magnesium Basal stacking fault F3 fault Twin-dislocation interactions

The Novel Mechanical Property of Tongue of a Woodpecker

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第3期6卷 214-218页

作者： P Zhou X Q Kong c W wu Z chen National Key Laboratory for Structural Analysis of Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Department of civil and Environmental Engineering University of Missouri

Biomaterials such as bone,teeth,nacre and silk are known to have superior mechanical properties due to their specific nanocomposite *** we report that the woodpecker's tongue exhibits a novel strength and flexibility due to its special composite micro/*** tongue consists of a flexible cartilage-and-bone skeleton covered with a thin layer tissue of high strength and *** the interface between the cartilage-and-bone skeleton and the tissue layer,there is a hierarchical fiber-typed *** is this special design of the tongue that makes the woodpeckers efficient in catching the insects inside *** special micro/nanostructures of the woodpecker's tongue show us a potential method to enhance the interfacial connection between soft and hard material layers for bio-inspired composite system designs.

关键词： woodpeckcr hyoid cartllage multilevel structure tensile strength