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Multicenter,randomized study to optimize bowel for colon capsule endoscopy

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8615-8625页

作者： david Kastenberg Wilmot c Burch Jr david P Romeo Pankaj K Kashyap david c pound Neophytos Papageorgiou Ignacio Fernández-Urien Sainz carly E Sokach Douglas K Rex Division of Gastroenterology Thomas Jefferson University Franklin Gastroenterology PLLC Dayton Gastroenterology Inc. Pinnacle Research Group LLc Indianapolis Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of Gastroenterology American Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Servicio de Digestivohospital de Navarra Sidney Kimmel Medical college at Thomas Jefferson University Indiana University hospital

AIM To assess the cleansing efficacy and safety of a new colon capsule endoscopy(ccE) bowel preparation regimen.METHODS This was a multicenter,prospective,randomized,controlled study comparing two ccE regimens. Subjects were asymptomatic and average risk for colorectal cancer. The second generation ccE system(Pill cam? cOLON 2;Medtronic,Yoqneam,Israel) was utilized. Preparation regimens differed in the 1 st and 2 nd boosts with the Study regimen using oral sulfate solution(89 m L) with diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium solution("diatrizoate solution")(boost 1 = 60 m L,boost 2 = 30 m L) and the control regimen oral sulfate solution(89 m L) alone. The primary outcome was overall and segmental colon cleansing. Secondary outcomes included safety,polyp detection,colonic transit,ccE completion and capsule excretion ≤ 12 h. RESULTS Both regimens had similar cleansing efficacy for the whole colon(Adequate: Study = 75.9%,control = 77.3%;P = 0.88) and individual segments. In the Study group,ccE completion was superior(Study = 90.9%,control = 76.9%;P = 0.048) and colonic transit was more often control = 4%;P = 0.0073). More Study regimen subjects experienced adverse events(Study = 19.4%,control = 3.4%;P = 0.0061),and this difference did not appear related to diatrizoate solution. Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal in nature and no serious adverse events related either to the bowel preparation regimen or the capsule were observed. There was a trend toward higher polyp detection with the Study regimen,but this did not achieve statistical significance for any size category. Mean transit time through the entire gastrointestinal tract,from ingestion to excretion,was shorter with the Study regimen while mean colonic transit times were similar for both study groups.cONcLUSION A ccE bowel preparation regimen using oral sulfate solution and diatrizoate solution as a boost agent is effective,safe,and achieved superior ccE completion.

关键词： Bowel preparation Purgative capsule endoscopy Endoscopy capsule colonoscopy Large intestine

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Exercise immunology:Novel insights

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 277-279,I0001页

作者： david c.Nieman Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA

The coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)pandemic heightened worldwide attention on the influence of exercise on the immune system.Questions were raised about whether regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)could help prevent cOVID-19 or mitigate symptoms when ill.could MVPA bolster immunity among those most prone to cOVID-19 including the elderly,obese,and immunocompromised patients?Does regular MVPA dampen systemic inflammation,thereby lessening the cOVID-19 cytokine storm?

关键词： immunity inflammation thereby

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Artificial intelligence analysis of videos to augment clinical assessment:an overview

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 717-718页

作者： david c.Wong Stefan Williams University of Leeds Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust LeedsUK

Observation is a fundamental part of the practice of clinical medicine.Observation of movement is particularly important for the neurologist.conditions such as Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,stroke,epilepsy,and many others affect a person’s movement in characteristic ways.In some conditions,changes in the patient’s voice can be included in this-changes in sound caused by changes in the movements of speech.The clinician’s detection of a characteristic abnormality,and their judgment of its severity,plays a central role in both diagnosis and the assessment of prognosis or response to treatment.However,that practice depends upon a limited resource of experienced experts.In addition,these experts are limited by human visual judgment,which cannot reliably or precisely detect and measure small or subtle changes in movement(Williams et al.,2023).

关键词： clinical epilepsy diagnosis

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Balancing machine learning and artificial intelligence in soil science with human perspective and experience

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 9-12页

作者： david c.WEINDORF Somsubhra cHAKRABORTY Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science Central Michigan Universityount Pleasant M148859USA Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

Machine learning and artificial intelligence continue to evolve at a rapid pace, with many potential applications related to soil science. Even so, human experience and perception play an invaluable role in characterizing soil properties, especially qualitative properties that may elude sensing/computer-based modeling approaches. The elegant solution to this conundrum relies on the synthesis of computer-aided predictive modeling with human insight and knowledge.As global population surpasses 8 billion, the importance of optimized agronomic production to feed a hungry world has never been more important.

关键词： soil elude qualitative

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Airway management of a patient with linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis:A case report

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World Journal of clinical cases 2024年第13期12卷 2263-2268页

作者： Olga c Nin Robert Hutnik Neil N chheda david Hutchinson Department of Anesthesiology University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Otolaryngology University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States

BAcKGROUND There is limited literature on managing the airway of patients with linear immunoglobulin A(IgA)bullous dermatosis,a rare mucocutaneous disorder that leads to the development of friable bullae.careful clinical decision making is necessary when there is a risk of bleeding into the airway,and a multidisciplinary team approach may lead to decreased patient morbidity during these high-risk scenarios,especially when confronted with an unusual cause for bleeding.cASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old African American female presented to our ambulatory surgical center for right corneal transplantation due to corneal perforation after blunt trauma in the setting of cicatricial conjunctivitis and diffuse corneal neovascularization from linear IgA bullous dermatosis.The diagnosis of IgA dermatosis was recent,and the patient had been lost to follow-up.The severity of the disease and extent of airway involvement was unknown at the time of the surgery.Significant airway bleeding was noticed upon intubation and the otorhinolaryngology team had to be called to the operating room.The patient required transfer to the intensive care unit where a multidisciplinary team was involved in her case.The patient was extubated on postoperative day 4.cONcLUSION A multidisciplinary approach to treating this disease is the best course of action before a surgical procedure.In our case,key communication between the surgery,anesthesia,and dermatology teams led to the quick and safe treatment of our patient’s disease.Ambulatory surgery should not be considered for these cases unless they are in full remission and there is no mucous membrane involvement.

关键词： Airway management Bleeding risk Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis Multidisciplinary approach Outpatient procedure case report

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Hepatitis B virus genotypes in precision medicine of hepatitis Brelated hepatocellular carcinoma:Where we are now

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1103页

作者： caecilia H c Sukowati Sri Jayanti Turyadi Turyadi david H Muljono claudio Tiribelli Eijkman Research center for Molecular Biology Research Organization for HealthNational Research and Innovation Agency of IndonesiaJakarta 10340Indonesia Liver cancer Unit Fondazione Italiana Fegato ONLUSTrieste 34149Italy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar 90245South SulawesiIndonesia Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydney 2050Australia

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a major player in chronic hepatitis B that may lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc).HBV genetics are diverse where it is classified into at least 9 genotypes(A to I)and 1 putative genotype(J),each with specific geographical distribution and possible different clinical outcomes in the patient.This diversity may be associated with the precision medicine for HBV-related Hcc and the success of therapeutical approaches against Hcc,related to different pathogenicity of the virus and host response.This Editorial discusses recent updates on whether the classification of HBV genetic diversity is still valid in terms of viral oncogenicity to the Hcc and its precision medicine,in addition to the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology technologies.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Genotypes Pathogenesis Precision medicine

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The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise on autoimmune diseases:A 20-year systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 353-367,I0001页

作者： Beibei Luo Dao Xiang Xiaorong Ji Xuan chen Rui Li Shuxin Zhang Yujun Meng david c.Nieman Peijie chen School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Human Performance Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Naval Medical CenterShanghai 200433China National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Human Performance Laboratory Appalachian State UniversityNorth Carolina Research CampusKannapolisNC 28081USA Research Institute for Doping control Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Background:The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise may be an underlying factor in improving several autoimmune diseases.The aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence on the role of exercise training in mitigating inflammation in adolescents and adults with autoimmune disease.Methods:PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase databases were systematically reviewed for related studies published between January 1,2003,and August 31,2023.All randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions with autoimmune disease study participants that evaluated inflammation-related biomarkers were included.The quality of evidence was assessed using the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise scale and cochrane bias risk tool.Results:A total of 14,565 records were identified.After screening the titles,abstracts,and full texts,87 were eligible for the systematic review.These studies were conducted in 25 different countries and included a total of 2779 participants(patients with autoimmune disease,in exercise or control groups).Overall,the evidence suggests that inflammation-related markers such as c-reactive protein,interleukin 6,and tumor necrosis factor a were reduced by regular exercise interventions.Regular exercise interventions combined with multiple exercise modes were associated with greater benefits.conclusion:Regular exercise training by patients with autoimmune disease exerts an anti-inflammatory influence.This systematic review provides support for the promotion and development of clinical exercise intervention programs for patients with autoimmune disease.Most patients with autoimmune disease can safely adopt moderate exercise training protocols,but changes in inflammation biomarkers will be modest at best.Acute exercise interventions are ineffective or even modestly but transiently pro-inflammatory.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases cytokines Inflammation Physical activity Training

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Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： david R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish Jaiswal cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana c.El Assal Sarah Daakour Michael W.Lomas Jean-claude Twizere david H.Green William c.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE center for Genomics and Systems Biology(cGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE culture collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity phenotypes.However,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain uncharacterized.In this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal relatives.Genes for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three major phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular processes.Adhesome genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche adaptation.collectively,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary trajectories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

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Barosinusitis due to routine weather changes:A cross-sectional analysis of public websites

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 18-23页

作者： James c.campbell Julia E.canick Philip G.chen Ralph Abi Hachem david W.Jang Department of Head and Neck Surgery&communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Background:Sinusitis is a common diagnosis that can be erroneously associated with routine weather‐related barometric pressure changes.In actuality,these pressure changes likely exacerbate migraine headaches,which can cause facial pain and pressure rather than true sinus inflammation.Objective:The present study sought to characterize the representation of both sinusitis and migraine in association with barometric pressure changes across websites on the Internet.Methods:An Internet search for relevant terms was conducted,and content of the resulting pages was assessed for associations between weather‐related pressure changes and either sinusitis or migraine.Variations in reported results across different subtypes of Internet sources were analyzed.The primary outcomes measured were(1)whether a given media source associated barometric weather changes with sinusitis,(2)whether that source associated barometric weather changes with migraine,and(3)treatment options offered by that source.Results:Of the 116 included webpages,36(31.03%)associated sinusitis and routine barometric pressure changes.Of these,10(27.77%)were otolaryngology practice sites.Sixty‐seven webpages(57.76%)associated migraine and routine barometric pressure changes.Of these,nonotolaryngology webpages were more likely to report this link.conclusions:Otolaryngology practice sites were observed to be the most frequent professional medical resource reporting the unsubstantiated claim that routine barometric pressure changes are associated with sinusitis.Nonotolaryngology sources were more likely to link weather‐related pressure changes to migraine.These results suggest that opportunities exist for otolaryngology practice sites to educate patients about nonrhinogenic headache etiologies.

关键词： acute rhinosinusitis balloon sinus dilation headache migraine sinusitis

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A phylogenetic approach identifies patterns of beta diversity and floristic subregions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 59-69页

作者： Haibin Yu Man Yang Zixin Lu Weitao Wang Fangyuan Yu Yonghua Zhang Xue Yin Hongjun Yu Junjie Hu david c.Deane Key Laboratory of conservation and Application in Biodiversity of South china School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Ecology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityShenzhen 510275China School of Geography and Remote Sensing Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China college of Life and Environmental Science Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China centre for Future Landscapes and Department of Environment and Genetics La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity and their relationships with environmental correlates can help reveal the origin and evolutionary history of regional biota.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)harbors an exceptionally diverse flora,however,a phylogenetic perspective has rarely been used to investigate its beta diversity and floristic regions.In this study,we used a phylogenetic approach to identify patterns of beta diversity and quantitatively delimit floristic regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.We also examined the relationships between multifaceted beta diversity,geographical distance,and climatic difference,and evaluated the relative importance of various factors(i.e.,climate,topography and history)in shaping patterns of beta diversity.Sørensen dissimilarity indices indicated that patterns of species turnover among sites dominated the QTP.We also found that patterns of both taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity were significantly related to geographical distance and climatic difference.The environmental factors that contributed most to these patterns of beta diversity include annual precipitation,mean annual temperature,climatic gradients and climatic instability.Hierarchical dendrograms of dissimilarity and non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination based on phylogenetic beta diversity data identified ten floristic subregions in the QTP.Our results suggest that the contemporary environment and historical climate changes have filtered species composition among sites and eventually determined beta diversity patterns of plants in the QTP.

关键词： Biogeographical regionalization Phylogenetic beta diversity Seed plants Sørensen dissimilarity Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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