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Impacts of climate change on hydrology,water quality and crop productivity in the Ohio-Tennessee River Basin

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 36-53页

作者： Yiannis Panagopoulos Philip W.Gassman Raymond W.Arritt daryl E.Herzmann Todd D.Campbell Adriana Valcu Manoj K.Jha Catherine l.Kling Raghavan Srinivasan Michael White Jeffrey G.Arnold Center for Agricultural and Rural Development(CARD) Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011-1070USA Department of Agronomy 2104 Agronomy HallIowa State UniversityAmes IA 50011-1010USA Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering456 McNair HallNorth Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNC 27411USA Departments of Ecosystem Sciences and Management and Biological and Agricultural Engineering 1500 Research ParkwaySuite B223220 TAMUTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-2120USA Grassland Soil and Water Research laboratory U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service808 East Blackland RoadTempleTX 76502USA

Nonpoint source pollution from agriculture is the main source of nitrogen and phosphorus in the stream systems of the Corn Belt region in the Midwestern *** eastern part of this region is comprised of the Ohio-Tennessee River Basin(OTRB),which is considered a key contributing area for water pollution and the Northern Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone.A point of crucial importance in this basin is therefore how intensive corn-based cropping systems for food and fuel production can be sustainable and coexist with a healthy water environment,not only under existing climate but also under climate change conditions in the *** address this issue,a OTRB integrated modeling system has been built with a greatly refined 12-digit subbasin structure based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)water quality model,which is capable of estimating landscape and in-stream water and pollutant yields in response to a wide array of alternative cropping and/or management strategies and climatic *** effects of three agricultural management scenarios on crop production and pollutant loads exported from the crop land of the OTRB to streams and rivers were evaluated:(1)expansion of continuous corn across the entire basin,(2)adoption of no-till on all corn and soybean fields in the region,(3)implementation of a winter cover crop within the baseline *** effects of each management scenario were evaluated both for current climate and projected mid-century(2046-2065)climates from seven global circulation models(GCMs).In both present and future climates each management scenario resulted in reduced erosion and nutrient loadings to surface water bodies compared to the baseline agricultural management,with cover crops causing the highest water pollution *** and soybean yields in the region were negligibly influenced from the agricultural management *** the other hand,both water quality and crop yield numbers under climate change deviated considerably f

关键词： agricultural management scenarios corn-based systems global circulation models hydrology water quality crop yields SWAT Ohio-Tennessee River Basin

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith liwen Zhou Cameron l.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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长期夜间高温对9个大豆品种营养生长期的影响

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种子 2024年第7期43卷 81-90,96页

作者：舒天楚 daryl Chastain 奥本大学美国阿拉巴马州奥本市36849 密西西比州立大学美国密西西西比州斯通维尔市38776

为探究夜间高温对大豆从播种到花期的生理影响,确定大豆由长期夜间高温产生的表型变异是否由基因型差异引起,对9个大豆品种从播种到花期施加极端夜间高温(EHNT,30℃/30℃,昼/夜),研究此环境对大豆生理指标和营养生长的影响。测量指标包... 详细信息

为探究夜间高温对大豆从播种到花期的生理影响,确定大豆由长期夜间高温产生的表型变异是否由基因型差异引起,对9个大豆品种从播种到花期施加极端夜间高温(EHNT,30℃/30℃,昼/夜),研究此环境对大豆生理指标和营养生长的影响。测量指标包括:光合作用速率、呼吸作用速率、叶绿素含量和荧光分析。结果表明,在高光照强度[1 750μmol/(m^(2)·s)]下的营养生长阶段长期极端夜间高温降低了光合速率、气孔导度、叶绿素含量和PSⅡ效率(Fv/Fm),但不改变呼吸作用速率。从显著降低的这些生理指标中观察到了品种变异。部分品种通过未产生变化的地上部生物量显示出对极端夜间高温的耐受性。在大豆品种S14-15146R和DS25-1中,极端夜间高温耐受性可能与PSⅡ的光化学效率(Fv/Fm)有关。

关键词：夜间高温大豆 Fv/Fm 光合作用营养生长期

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Inertial lévy Flight with Nonlinear Friction

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Chinese Physics letters 2011年第11期28卷 1-3页

作者： lÜYan BAO Jing-Dong Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875

lévy flight with nonlinear friction is *** to the occurrence of extremely long jumps lévy flights often possess infinite variance and are physically problematic if describing the dynamics of a particle of finite ***,by introducing nonlinear friction,we show that the stochastic process subject to lévy noise exhibits finite variance,leading to a well-defined kinetic *** the force-free field,normal diffusion behavior is observed and the diffusion coefficient decreases with lévy index𝜇.Furthermore,we find a kinetic resonance of the particle in the harmonic potential to the external oscillating field in the generally underdamped region and the value of the linear friction𝛾0 determines whether resonance occurs or not.

关键词： variance diffusion finite

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Rice spouted bed for manufacturing inclusion complexes of Endopleura uchi l extracts in β-cyclodextrin

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 208-215页

作者： l.V.D. Freitas A.C.R. Montes E.I.A. Campos E.C. Conceicao l.A. Tacon A.D. lanchote l.A.P.Freitas Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloVia do Cafe s/n14040-903Ribeirao PretoSPBrazil

Uxi (Endopleura uchi) is a plant from the Brazilian Amazon. It has many biological activities that are attributed to its main active component, bergenin (BG), which has low water solubility. The aim of this work was to obtain β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes of uxi using lyophilized cooked rice as the solid substrate. The process was studied using a Box–Behnken design with the solution feed rate, molar ratio of β-CD to BG, and rice bed load as factors. These factors greatly affected the product bulk density, angle of repose, water content, and BG content, loss, and water solubility. The optimum process conditions determined using a desirability functions methodology were an extract feed rate of 1 ml/min, a ratio of β-CD to BG of 3:1, and a substrate load of 100 g. The predicted values under the optimum conditions were close to the experimental results of a water content of 5.8%± 0.2%, BG content of 985.7 ± 15.4 μg/g, BG water solubility of 2230.2 ± 21.1 μg/ml, and BG loss of 1.2%± 0.1%. These results confirm that spouted beds are an important tool for rapid, one-step preparation of pharmaceutical β-CD inclusion complexes in a solid form.

关键词： Bergenin Chromatography Yield Active loss Solubility

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Towards an l^p Potential Theory for Sub-Markovian Semigroups:Kernels and Capacities

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第4期22卷 1227-1250页

作者： Niels JACOB Renél.SCHIllING Department of Mathematics University of Wales SwanseaSingleton ParkSwansea SA 2 8 PP.United Kinadom FB 12-Mathematik Philipps-Universitat MarburgD-35032 MarburgGermany

We study in fairly general measure spaces （X,μ） the （non-linear） potential theory of l^p sub-Markovian semigroups which are given by kernels having a density with respect to the underlying measure. In terms of mapping properties of the operators we provide sufficient conditions for the existence （and regularity） of such densities. We give various （dual） representations for several associated capacities and, in the corresponding abstract Bessel potential spaces, we study the role of the truncation property. Examples are discussed in the case of R^n where abstract Bessel potential spaces can be identified with concrete function spaces.

关键词： nonlinear potential theory (r,p)-capacity Bessel potential space gamma.transform sub-Markovian semigroup

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奇瓦畈沙漠群落中土壤分层水分消耗模型

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土壤学进展 1992年第1期20卷 55-57页

作者： D.l.moorhead 王鸣远

在干旱、半干旱地区,准确地估测土壤表层湿度,对于预测浅根植物的生长量和地表及近地表层枯落物的分解率是很必要的。通常认为,土壤水分消耗是由地表向深层逐步变干的方式进行。近期的研究表明,植物从其根系分布的范围内均可吸收水分。... 详细信息

在干旱、半干旱地区,准确地估测土壤表层湿度,对于预测浅根植物的生长量和地表及近地表层枯落物的分解率是很必要的。通常认为,土壤水分消耗是由地表向深层逐步变干的方式进行。近期的研究表明,植物从其根系分布的范围内均可吸收水分。在半干旱生态系统中,用两种模拟方式对这种现象作了研究:其一,整个土壤剖面均有土壤水分消耗;其二,土壤水分顺序从各土层中消耗。田间观察表明:较之土壤水分逐层消耗而言,浅土具有更大的保水性,植物同时在其根系分布层内吸收水分的模式与实测资料具有较好的相关性。

关键词：沙漠群落土壤水分消耗

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Update on the applications and limitations of alpha-fetoprotein for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第2期28卷 216-229页

作者： Hira Hanif Mukarram Jamat Ali Ammu T Susheela Iman Waheed Khan Maria Alejandra luna-Cuadros Muzammil Muhammad Khan daryl Tan-Yeung lau Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States Internal Medicine Loyola MacNeal HospitalBerwynPA 60402United States

Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is an oncofetal glycoprotein that has been used as a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in combination with ultrasound and other imaging *** utility is limited because of both low sensitivity and specificity,and discrepancies among the different methods of ***,its accuracy varies according to patient characteristics and the AFP cut-off values *** of AFP with novel biomarkers such as AFP-l3,Golgi specific membrane protein(GP73)and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin significantly improved its accuracy in detecting *** AFP level could also signify severity of hepatic destruction and subsequent regeneration and is commonly observed in patients with acute and chronic liver conditions and *** and other non-hepatic disorders can also cause AFP elevation.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein Hepatocellular carcinoma Alpha-fetoprotein-l3 Cirrhosis Tumor markers Hereditary persistence of alpha-fetoprotein

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Simple non-invasive biomarkers of advanced fibrosis in the evaluation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第4期2卷 276-280页

作者： Elliot B.Tapper Katherine Krajewski Michelle lai Tracy Challies Robert Kane Nezam Afdhal daryl lau Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA USA Division of Radiology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA Division of Pathology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA

Background and ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD)is a common,morbid disease with profound implications for the overall health of the *** set out to determine the clinical predictors of advanced histology in the referral *** performed a retrospective review of all biopsy-proven NAFlD patients,including 358 unique patients first seen between 1996 and *** histology and ultrasound images were reviewed prospectively by clinicians who were blinded to clinical information and test *** with men,women tended to present at an older age(51.4-10.6 vs 45.3-11.2 years,Plikely to be Caucasian(P=0.003),less likely to present with an elevated alanine aminotransferase(AlT)(75.2%vs 88.8%),and more likely to have advanced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)(44.7%vs 29.9%;P=0.04)and advanced fibrosis(23.3%vs 14.1%;P=0.03).In multivariate logistic regression,body mass index(BMI)-30 kg/m^(2)(odds ratio(OR)2.21;95%confidential interval(CI):1.23–4.08),female gender(OR 1.76;95%CI:1.01–3.10)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)>40 IU/l(OR 2.00;95%CI:1.14–3.55)were associated with a NAFlD activity score>*** sensitivity and specificity of an AST to platelet ratio index(APRI)>1 for significant fibrosis was 30.0%(95%CI:17.2–45.4%)and 92.8%(95%CI:88.2-95.8%),respectively;the likelihood ratio is *** multivariate logistic regression,APRI>1 was the most significant predictor of advanced fibrosis(OR 3.85;95%CI:1.55–9.59).In patients without ultrasound-detected steatosis,20%had advanced fibrosis and 16.7%had active *** with suspected NAFlD should routinely be evaluated for advanced liver disease,including non-invasive indices of fibrosis such as APRI,and serious consideration given to liver biopsy.

关键词： cirrhosis non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index

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Kri1l: a novel gene that links defective ribosome biogenesis to impaired hematopoiesis through excessive autophagy

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Science Bulletin 2015年第17期60卷 1547-1548页

作者： Yong Zhang David l.Wiest Blood Cell Development and Function Program Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia

The ribosome is an ancient and conserved molecular machine responsible for translating mRNA into protein in all known organisms. The eukaryotic ribosome is com- posed of - 80 ribosomal proteins （RPs） and four ribosomal RNAs （rRNAs）. These RNA and protein components are assembled within the nucleolus into the small 40S and large 60S subunits of the ribosome, through a process termed ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is a highly orchestrated and carefully controlled process that requires - 150 associated proteins and 70 small nucleolar RNAs （snoRNAs）, which assist in prerRNA transcription and maturation, ribosome component assembly, and trafficking to the cytosol. Defects in ribosome biogenesis resulting from mutations in biogenesis cofactors, or in ribosomal structural components themselves, cause a collection of human diseases termed ＂ribosomopathies＂.

关键词： Ribosome biogenesis Hematopoietic stem cell Autophagy Ribosomopathy Zebrafish

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