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Harvest Time and Fertility Effects on Yield and Quality of Forage from Alfalfa, Hybrid Bromegrass and Their Mixture

Agricultural Sciences 2021年第4期12卷 325-338页

作者： Al Foster Bill Biligetu Sukhdev S. Malhi Kabal S. Gill Brett Mollison darwin leach Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture Tisdale Saskatchewan Canada University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada SARDA Ag Research Falher Alberta Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Farm Melfort Saskatchewan Canada

A field experiment with 24 treatments consisting of three perennial forage crops [alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. AC Longview), hybrid bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm & Bromus inermis Leyss. cv. AC Success) and their mixture], four Cut 1 dates (approximately June 20, July 10, July 30 or August 20), and two fertilizer levels (unfertilized and fertilized) was established in late May 2014, on a Black Chernozem [Udic Boroll] silty clay soil. Forage dry matter yield [DMY], and concentration (g·kg−1 DM) of crude protein [CP], total digestible nutrients [TDN] and acid detergent fiber [ADF] data were collected over 3 years from 2015 to 2017. The fertilizer treatments were imposed in 2016 and 2017. Forage crops were initially cut at four Cut 1 dates, and again cut [Cut 2] in autumn (September 2 in 2015, November 7 in 2016 and October 5 in 2017). For all three forage crops, forage DMY usually increased when Cut 1 was delayed. Delaying Cut 1 reduced forage DMY for Cut 2. Total DMY (Cut 1 + Cut 2) for all three forage crops was highest from the combination of July 10 and late Autumn cuts. Alfalfa-bromegrass mixture produced higher DMY than bromegrass or alfalfa alone. Fertilizer application resulted in a significant increase in Cut 1 and total DMY for bromegrass. The CP concentration in Cut 1 forage usually declined as the forage crops matured. The CP concentration was highest for alfalfa, followed by alfalfa-bromegrass mixture, and much lower for bromegrass. There was little or no effect of forage crop maturity on the TDN and ADF concentrations in forage. The TDN concentration was higher and ADF concentration was lower in forage from alfalfa or alfalfa-bromegrass mixture than bromegrass. Fertilizer application significantly increased CP concentration for alfalfa-bromegrass mixture. Delaying harvesting for Cut 1 increased ADF yield and TDN yield un

关键词： Alfalfa Bromegrass Cutting Stage Fertility Forage Harvest Time Hay Mixture Quality Yield

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Harvest Time and Fertility Effects on Yield and Quality of Forage from Alfalfa, Hybrid Bromegrass and Their Mixture

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第4期

作者： Al Foster Bill Biligetu Sukhdev S. Malhi Kabal S. Gill Brett Mollison darwin leach

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Light-driven micro-tool equipped with a syringe function

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 499-505页

作者： Mark Jayson Villangca darwin Palima Andrew Rafael Bañas Jesper Glückstad DTU Fotonik Department of Photonics EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkDK-2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark OptoRobotix ApS Scion DTUDiplomvej 381DK-2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Leveraging developments in microfabrication open new possibilities for optical *** the structural design freedom from three-dimensional printing capabilities of two-photon polymerization,we are starting to see the emergence of cleverly shaped‘light robots’or optically actuated micro-tools that closely resemble their macroscopic counterparts in function and sometimes even in *** this work,we have fabricated a new type of light robot that is capable of loading and unloading cargo using photothermally induced convection currents within the body of the *** have demonstrated this using silica and polystyrene beads as *** flow speeds of the cargo during loading and unloading are significantly larger than when using optical forces *** new type of light robot presents a mode of material transport that may have a significant impact on targeted drug delivery and nanofluidics injection.

关键词： material transport optical manipulation thermal convection two-photon fabrication

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Anaerobic co-digestion of rice straw and digested swine manure with different total solid concentration for methane production

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第6期7卷 79-90页

作者： darwin Jay J.Cheng Zhimin Liu Jorge Gontupil O-Seob Kwon Department of Agricultural Engineering Syiah Kuala UniversityBanda AcehIndonesia Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Inje UniversityGimhaeGyeongnam 621-749Korea

This study aimed to investigate potential methane production through anaerobic co-digestion of rice straw and digested swine manure with different total *** research was carried out in bench scale with utilizing batch *** evaluate the stability of anaerobic co-digestion process,the experiment was run in *** anaerobic co-digestion process was operated in 500 mL batch digesters under constant agitation speed and *** agitation speed was maintained at 270 r/*** of the batch system was set and maintained at 35℃.Digested swine manure utilized in this experiment was obtained from semi-continuous digesters run at steady state condition,with 25 days of hydraulic retention time under mesophilic *** straw(RS)generated the highest methane production at 3% total solids(TS)which was around(1814±47.43)mL,where in this concentration,it had C:N ratio at 10.6:*** straw obtained the highest methane yield at 3% TS,which was around(141.4±3.70)mL CH_(4)/g volatile solids(VS)*** straw also had the highest chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal and VS reduction at 3% TS which were around(52.97%±1.46%)and(61.81%±1.04%),respectively.

关键词： anaerobic co-digestion rice straw digested swine manure methane production

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Tuberculous pericarditis-a silent and challenging disease:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第6期10卷 1869-1875页

作者： Oscar David Lucero Marlon Mauricio Bustos darwin Jhoan Ariza Rodriguez Juan Camilo Perez Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario San IgnacioBogota 110231Colombia Internal Medicine Resident Pontificia Universidad JaverianaBogota 110231Colombia

BACKGROUND Tuberculous pericarditis(TP)remains a challenge for endemic *** developing countries,one to two percent of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis develops *** SUMMARY A 49-year-old woman presented with dyspnea,chest pain and dry *** physical examination,veiled heart sounds were *** electrocardiogram showed low-voltage complexes and the transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large and free-looking pericardial *** patient was taken for an open *** pericardial fluid revealed high levels of adenosine deaminase and Ziehl-Neelsen stain showed acid-fast *** chain reaction study for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pericardial fluid was *** patient received tetra conjugate management with adequate clinical response after the first week of treatment and resolution of fever and chest *** In cases of TP,obtaining pericardial fluid and/or pericardial biopsy is the most efficient strategy to confirm the *** diagnosis of this entity will allow physicians to initiate timely treatment,avoid complications and improve the patient's clinical outcome,so we consider the description of this case pertinent and its review in the literature.

关键词： Tuberculosis Pericardial disease Tuberculous pericarditis Pericardial effusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis Case report

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Comparative study on production,purification of penicillin by Penicillium chrysogenum isolated from soil and citrus samples

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第1期1卷 15-19页

作者： S Anto Jeya Dayalan Pramod darwin Prakash S Department of Biotechnology Udaya School of Engineering

Objective:To explore various unexplored locations where Penicillium *** be available and study the production of penicillin from the isolated Penicillium *** different media with altered carbohydrate ***:The collected soil samples were screened for the isolation of Penicillium chrysogenum(***) by soil dilution *** isolated Penicillium species were further grown in different production media with changes in the carbohydrate *** extracted penicillin from various isolates was analyzed by HPLC for the efficacy of the *** the products were screened with various bacterial species including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).And the work was extended to find the possible action on MRSA,along with characterization using other ***:From the various soil and citrus samples used for analysis,only the soil sample from Government General Hospital of Bangalore,India,and Sanjay Gandhi Hospital,Bangalore,India,showed some potential growth of the desired fungi *** production media showed varied range of growth of *** production of penicillin was obtained in maltose which proved maximum zone of inhibition during *** of penicillin on pathogens,like wild Escherichia coli strain,Klebsiella spp.,and MRSA,gave quite interesting results such as no activity on the later strain as it is *** data provided the analytical and confirmation details of the penicillin ***,the penicillin produced from the soil sample of Government General Hospital had the high milli absorbance unit of 441.5 mAu compared with that of the penicillin produced from Sanjay Gandhi Hospital sample,8S.S2 ***,there was a considerable change in quantity of the penicillin produced from both the ***: The Penicillium *** be possibly rich in hospital contaminants and its *** research focuses on various unexplored sources o

关键词： Penicillium chrysogenum Soil Citrus Penicillin Bioefficacy Antibiotic activity Penicillium spp. Production Soil dilution plate Staphy lococcus aureus Characterization Production media Zone of inhibition Carbohydrate source Isolation Efficacy Pathogen

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Hydrometallurgical processing of chalcopyrite:A review of leaching techniques

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第12期31卷 2537-2555页

作者： darwin Michell Cheje Machaca Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior Thamyres Cardoso de Carvalho Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa Department of Chemical Engineering University of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil

Copper,an essential metal for the energy transition,is primarily obtained from chalcopyrite through hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical *** risks and harmful impacts of these processes pose significant concerns for environmental and human safety,highlighting the need for more efficient and eco-friendly hydrometallurgical *** review article emphasizes current pro-cesses such as oxidative leaching,bioleaching,and pressure leaching that have demonstrated efficiency in overcoming the complicated chalcopyrite *** leaching operates under benign conditions within the leaching media;nevertheless,the introduction of oxidizing agents provides benefits and ***,a non-aggressive method,has shown a gradual increase in copper extrac-tion efficiency and has been explored using both primary and secondary *** leaching,known for its effectiveness and se-lectivity in copper extraction,is becoming commercially more viable with increased research *** research also provides im-portant data for advancing future research in the field.

关键词： chalcopyrite leaching bioleaching ionic liquids chloride hydrogen peroxide

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Potentials and challenges of using co-design in health services research in low-and middle-income countries

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Global Health Research and Policy 2023年第1期8卷 514-521页

作者： Devendra Raj Singh Rajeeb Kumar Sah Bibha Simkhada Zoe darwin School of Human and Health Sciences University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK

Co-design with people having poor access to health services and fragile health systems in low-and middle-income countries can be momentous in bringing service users and other stakeholders together to improve the delivery and utilisation of health *** is ample of evidence from high-income countries regarding how co-design can translate available evidence into developing acceptable,feasible,and adaptable health solutions in different ***,there is limited literature on co-design in health research in the context of low-and middle-income ***,it is crucial to understand how knowledge about collaborative working can be translated into policy and practice in the context of low-and middle-income ***,this paper discusses the concept of co-design,co-production,and co-creation in health and the potentiality and challenges of using co-design in health services research in low-and middle-income *** the challenges,the co-design research has considerable potential to encourage the meaningful engagement of service users and other stakeholders in developing,implementing,and evaluating real-world solutions in low-and middle-income *** is essential to balance power dynamics in a co-design process through mutual recognition and respect,participant diversity,and reciprocity and flexibility in *** inclusive and collaborative approach to working is complex due to existing rigid hierarchical structures,socio-cultural beliefs,political interference and working ***,this could be minimised by developing transparent terms of reference that reflect the value and benefits of equal partnership in particular co-design work.

关键词： Co-design Potentials Challenges Health services research Low-middle-income countries

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The Sandfish's Skin:Morphology,Chemistry and Reconstruction

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2007年第1期4卷 1-9页

作者： Werner Baumgartner Friederike Saxe Agnes Weth David Hajas darwin Sigumonrong Jens Emmerlich Martin Singheiser Wolfgang Bhme Jochen M. Schneider Department of Cellular Neurobionics RWTH-Aachen Kopernikusstr. 16 52056 Aachen Germany Material Chemistry RWTH-Aachen Kopernikusstr. 16 52056 Aachen Germany Institute of Zoology RWTH-Aachen Kopernikusstr. 16 52056 Aachen Germany Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK) Adenauerallee 160 53113 Bonn Germany

The sandfish is a lizard having the remarkable ability to move in desert sand in a swimming-like fashion. The most outstanding adaptations to this mode of life are the low friction behaviour and the extensive abrasion resistance of the sandfish skin against sand, outperforming even steel. We investigated the topography, the composition and the mechanical properties of sandfish scales. These consist of glycosylated keratins with high amount of sulphur but no hard inorganic material, such as silicates or lime. Remarkably, atomic force microscopy shows an almost complete absence of attractive forces between the scale surface and a silicon tip, suggesting that this is responsible for the unusual tribological properties. The unusual glycosylation of the keratins was found to be absolutely necessary for the described phenomenon. The scales were dissolved and reconstituted on a polymer surface resulting in properties similar to the original scale. Thus, we provide a pathway towards exploitation of the reconstituted scale material for future engineering applications.

关键词： Sandfish Skink Scincus scincus tribology nanoindentation keratin abrasion

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Robot impedance control and passivity analysis with inner torque and velocity feedback loops

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Control Theory and Technology 2016年第2期14卷 97-112页

作者： Michele FOCCHI Gustavo A. MEDRANO-CERDA Thiago BOAVENTURA Marco FRIGERIO Claudio SEMINI Jonas BUCHLI darwin G. CALDWELL Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (liT) via Morego 30 16163 Genova Italy Agile & Dexterous Robotics Lab ETH Zurich Tannenstrasse 3 8092 Zurich Switzerland Received 21 January 2015 revised 10 December 2015 accepted 10 December 2015

Impedance control is a well-established technique to control interaction forces in robotics. However, real implementations of impedance control with an inner loop may suffer from several limitations. In particular, the viable range of stable stiffness and damping values can be strongly affected by the bandwidth of the inner control loops （e.g., a torque loop） as well as by the filtering and sampling frequency. This paper provides an extensive analysis on how these aspects influence the stability region of impedance parameters as well as the passivity of the system. This will be supported by both simulations and experimental data. Moreover, a methodology for designing joint impedance controllers based on an inner torque loop and a positive velocity feedback loop will be presented. The goal of the velocity feedback is to increase （given the constraints to preserve stability） the bandwidth of the torque loop without the need of a complex controller.

关键词： Impedance control torque control passivity and stability analysis

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