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Vulvar Rejuvenation Using High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU): Fundamentals and Technique

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第12期10卷 239-252页

作者： Fábio dos santos Borges Mylana Almeida de Carvalho Carla Barreto Silva de Cerqueira Tais Andrade Cravo Monteiro Isabelle Maria Almeida e Benevides Adriele Machado Dantas Thiago Gusmão da Silva Carolina Barreto Ribeiro martins dos santos Estácio de Sá University Rio de Janeiro Brazil IDE Faculty—Institute for Educational Development Salvador Brazil Longevitat Clinic—Advanced Aesthetics Salvador Brazi FAINOR Independent College of the Northeast Vitória da Conquista Brazil UFBA Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil

Background: The unaesthetic appearance of the female intimate area (vulva, “mound of venus” and perianal region) is a triggering factor of negative psychological responses, embarrassment, anxiety and insecurity in many women. Using rejuvenating equipment for vaginal structure or for the intimate area as a whole is already widespread in the literature, and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) has proven to be very effective in the clinical practice of many professionals. This study, therefore, aims to describe the fundamentals and applicability that guide the use of HIFU in vulvar rejuvenation. Materials and Methods: Exploratory research was carried out, presented in a narrative review, to highlight the action of HIFU in female intimate rejuvenation. The review explored scientific articles published and available in the following databases: MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), PubMed (National Library of Medicine), SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and LILACS (Latin Literature American and the Caribbean in Health Sciences). In addition, some clinical findings obtained through a retrospective analysis of medical records were added to describe the authors’ clinical experience in the use of Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for vulvar rejuvenation. Results: We verified that the tissues of female external genitalia respond very well to the stimuli of the focused sound waves of the HIFU, being able to produce immediate and lasting results through isolated applications or in association with intradermotherapy or other therapeutic resources. Conclusion: We conclude that using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound aimed at vulvar rejuvenation is safely indicated and assures excellent aesthetic results at the end of the treatment because similarly to other treatment techniques, the thermal stimuli of HIFU are also able to produce an excellent therapeutic response in the dermal tissue of the female intimate area, promoting intense neocollagen

关键词： Intimate Aesthetics Vulvar Rejuvenation Vaginal Rejuvenation HIFU Focused Ultrasound Micro Focused Ultrasound and Cosmetic Gynecology

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells Express Low Levels of Cardiomyogenic Genes and Show Limited Plasticity towards Cardiomyogenic Phenotype

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第9期7卷 950-964页

作者： Juliana Lott de Carvalho danilo Roman Campos Maira Souza Oliveira Jader santos Cruz Nathalia martins Breyner Dawidson Assis Gomes Alfredo Miranda de Goes Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 30123-970 Minas Gerais Brazil Department of Pharmacology Columbia University Presbyterian Hospital New York 10032 United States Department of Clinic and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 30123-970 Minas Gerais Brazil Institut National de Recherche Agronomique Paris 75338 France

Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages have been extensively described and reproduced in the literature. In contrast, cardiomyogenic differentiation still remains largely controversial. In this study the authors aim to shed new light into this unclear phenomenon and test whether BMMSC （bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells） and ATMSC （adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells） are able to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes, investigating two differentiation protocols. AT and BMMSC behaved differently when cultured in differentiation media and presented lower levels of proliferation and alkaline phosphatase production, expression of cardiomyocyte-specific transcription factors such as GATA-4, Nkx2-5 and proteins such as ct and 13 Myosin Heavy Chains. Furthermore, MSC started to express higher levels of Connexin-43 and c~ sarcomeric actinin protein. Unfortunately, though, MSC did not present cardiomyocyte-like electrophysiological properties. In order to analyze a possible explanation for such limited plasticity, the authors decided to address the issue using a quantitative approach. Gene expression was quantified by Real time PCR, and, for the first time, the authors show that a possible explanation for limited plasticity of MSC is that even though differentiated cells presented differential gene expression, the levels of key cardiomyogenic genes did not reach expression levels presented by adult cardiomyocytes, nor were maintained along differentiation, reaching peaks at 4 days of stimulation, and decaying thereafter.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells cardiomyogenic differentiation limited plasticity in vitro differentiation

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Agriculture and Forest Transition: Understanding of Land Use Change in a Cultural Landscape

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2015年第12期5卷 797-807页

作者： José Eduardo dos santos Angela Terumi Fushita Imyra Maíra martins de Souza Lia Martucci Amorim Valéria Aparecida David Andrade Department of Hydrobiology Federal University of S&atilde o Carlos S&atilde o Carlos Brazil Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources Federal Universityof S&atilde o Carlos S&atilde o Carlos Brazil

Land use trajectory analysis provides both the time and kind of land cover changes to monitor land use dynamics. Land cover change trajectories for three different dates (1965, 1989 and 2014) extracted from satellite images by vectorization of the thematic information were studied This study was carried out on a cultural landscape (S?o Carlos municipality, SP, Brazil) with three major land use-cover classes (forest, agriculture and other uses). The results showed the spatio temporal variability of landscape pattern and forest and agriculture change trajectories. Analysis based on these landscape trajectories demonstrates that agriculture and forest cover changes have been caused by human activities. The results reflect the conflicting interactions between environmental and human systems in the study area. A key question is that the pressure exerted on forest land use-cover depends on the incentives that move society from a conflicting relation with a municipal territory. A more sustainable landscape transition and trajectory for S?o Carlos municipality are extremely dependent on the regulatory role of the government through strategies related to the implementation of specific categories of legally protected areas (Legal Reserves and Areas of Permanent Preservation).

关键词： Land Use-Cover Change Trajectories Landscape Sustainability Legally Protected Areas Remote Sensing

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Interleukin-1 and TNF-α polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori in a Brazilian Amazon population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第12期15卷 1465-1471页

作者： Hivana Patricia Melo Barbosa Luisa Caricio martins Sidney Emanuel Batista dos santos Samia Demachki Mnica Baraúna Assumpo Charliana Damasceno Arago Tereza Cristina de Oliveira Corvelo Laboratory of Immunogenetics Federal University of Pará66075-110BelémBrazil Nucleus of Tropical Medicine Federal University of Pará66055-240BelémBrazil Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics Federal University of Pará66075-110BelémBrazil Department of Pathology Joo de Barros Barreto Universitary HospitalFederal University of Pará66073-000BelémBrazil Department of Endoscopy Joo de Barros Barreto Universitary HospitalFederal University of Pará66073-000BelémBrazil

AIM： To study the association between Interleukin-1 （IL-1） and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α polymorphisms, infection by Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） and the development of gastrointestinal diseases.METHODS： Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 177 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases and from 100 healthy volunteers. The polymorphisms in IL-1β and TNF-α genes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method （PCRRFLP） and those from IL-1RN with PCR. The presence of infection due to H pylori and the presence of the CagA toxin were detected by serology. The histopathological parameters in the gastric biopsies of the patients were according to the Sydney classification.RESULTS： A comparison of the frequencies of the different polymorphisms studied among the patients and the control group demonstrated that the allele IL- 1RN＊2 was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma. Carriers of the allele IL- RN＊2 and those with reactive serology for anti-CagA IgG had a greater risk of developing peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma, as well as a higher degree of inflammation and neutrophilic activity in the gastricCONCLUSION： Our results indicate a positive association between IL-1RN gene polymorphism and infection by positive H pylori CagA strains and the development of gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Interleukin 1β gene Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene TNF-α gene Cag pathogenicity island

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Antibacterial enhancement of antibiotic activity by Enterolobium contortisiliquum(Vell.)Morong

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第10期7卷 945-949页

作者： Zildene de Sousa Silveira Nair Silva Macêdo Thiago Sampaio de Freitas Ana Raquel Pereira da Silva Joycy Francely Sampaio dos santos Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga José Galberto martins da Costa Raimundo Nonato Pereira Teixeira Jean Paul Kamdem Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha Laboratorio de Bioprospeccao do Semioarido Universidade Regional do CaririCratoBrazil Laboratorio de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Universidade Regional do CaririCratoBrazil Laboratorio de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririCratoBrazil Departamento de Ciencias biologicas Universidade Regional do Cariri-URCACratoCEP:63105-000Brazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Bioprospeccao Molecular Universidade Regional do Cariri–URCACratoBrazil

Objective: To identify the main chemical classes of compounds from aqueous extract of Enterolobium contortisiliquum(E. contortisiliquum) seed bark and to evaluate its antibacterial activity, as well as its potential to increase the activity of antibiotics against strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia ***: Different classes of compounds in the aqueous extract of E. contortisiliquum were evaluated based on the visual changes in the coloration and the formation of precipitate after the addition of specific reagents. The antibacterial activity of the extract and its potential to increase of antibiotic activity of antibiotics drugs, gentamicin and norfloxacin was determined by using the microdilution ***: Our results demonstrated that the following secondary metabolites were presented in E. contortisiliquum seed bark: flavones, flavonols, xanthones, flavononols,chalcones, aurones, flavones and catechins. The extract itself had very low antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains tested(MIC ≥ 1024 μg/m L), but there was an increase in the antibiotic activity of gentamicin and norfloxacin when combined in the subinhibitory concentration(i.e., MIC/8).Conclusions: Our data suggests that E. contortisiliquum seed bark may be an alternative source for new drugs with the potential to increase antibiotic activity against different strains of bacteria.

关键词： Antibiotic activity Enhancement Synergism Chemical compounds Bioactivity

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Reducing the Gas Pressure Drop in Suction Mufflers of Hermetic Reciprocating Compressors

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第3期8卷 423-430页

作者： Janatas Ferreira Lacerda Jose Luiz Gasche Joao Fabio Parise de Lara danilo martins Arantes Research and Development Department Tecumseh do Brasil Ltda S6o Carlos-SP 13570-820 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Unesp-Univ Estadual Paulista Ilha Solteira-SP 15385-000 Brazil

The suction muffler of hermetic reciprocating compressors is installed in order to attenuate the noise generated by the gas pulsation of the flow through the suction valve. However, the installation of the suction muffler affects the operation of the compressor owing to gas pressure drop, which causes volumetric and energetic efficiency loss due to the gas specific volume augmentation. Therefore, there is a compromise between sound attenuation and pressure drop increase, which has to be taken into account by compressor designers. In this work, it presents a numerical solution to the flow through a suction muffler in order to analyze the pressure field and point out the main contributions to the overall pressure drop of the flow. A commercial CFD （computational fluid dynamics） code was used to perform the numerical simulations and the results were validated by using experimental data. After analyzing the pressure field, the geometry of the muffler was modified intending to decrease the flow pressure drop. The geometric modification produced a 28% reduction on the overall pressure drop, without influencing the sound attenuation.

关键词： Refrigeration hermetic reciprocating compressor muffler.

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Effects of Cadmium on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Photosynthetic Performance, Biochemical Parameters and Structure of Chloroplasts in the Agarophyte <i>Gracilaria domingensis</i>(Rhodophyta, Gracilariales)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1077-1084页

作者： Rodrigo W. dos santos éder C. Schmidt Roberta de P. martins Alexandra Latini Marcelo Maraschin Paulo A. Horta Zenilda L. Bouzon Central Laboratory of Electron Microscopy Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Department of Botany Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Post-Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Development Department of Cell Biology Embryology and Genetics Federal Univer- sity of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil

This paper aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of cadmium on growth rates, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic performance, biochemical parameters and structure of chloroplasts in G. domingensis. To accomplish this, apical segments of G. domingensis were cultivated with different concentrations of cadmium, ranging from 100 to 300 μM, over a period of 16 days, and were processed for transmission electron microscopy analysis. The plants exposed to cadmium showed chloroplast alteration, especially degeneration of thylakoids and a decrease in the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins. However, the volume of plastoglobuli increased. As a defense mechanism, the plants treated with cadmium showed an increase in glutathione reductase activity. These results agree with the decreased photosynthetic performance and relative electron transport rate observed after exposure of algae to cadmium. Taken together, these findings strongly indicate that cadmium negatively affects the ultrastructure and metabolism of the agarophyte G. domingensis, thus posing a threat to the economic vitality of this red macroalga.

关键词： Gracilaria domingensis Heavy Metals Cadmium Thylakoids Photosynthetic Pigments Antioxidant Systems

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N-Hexane Isomerization on Ni-Pt/Catalysts Supported on Mordenite

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Modern Research in Catalysis 2013年第4期2卷 119-126页

作者： Geovana S.V.martins Everton R.F.dos santos Meiry G.F.Rodrigues Gina Pecchi Carlos M.N.Yoshioka Dilson Cardoso Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Campina GrandeCatalysis Laboratory(LABNOV)Campina GrandeBrazil Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas UniversidadConcepcionConcepcionChile Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Sao CarlosCatalysis Laboratory(LabCat)Sao CarlosBrazil

The aim of this work was to evaluate the catalytic properties for n-hexane isomerization of bifunctional monometallic (Ni or Pt) and bimetallic catalysts (Pt-Ni), using HMOR zeolite as support. The method used for metal dispersion in the zeolite was competitive ion exchange using ammine complexes [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 and [Pt(NH3)4]Cl2 as precursors. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray diffraction, X-Ray energy dispersion spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction and transmission electron microscopy. The n-hexane isomerization reaction using the catalysts was carried out to evaluate the catalyst activity. The reaction was carried out in a fixed bed reactor operating at 250?C, 1 atm, H2/C6 = 9 molar ratio. The profiles obtained from TPR suggest that, for bimetallic catalysts, the presence of platinum facilitates the reduction of Ni2+ cations. The bimetallic catalysts presented a higher activity in the isomerization of n-hexane when compared to the monometallic ones, as well better stability as the Pt content in the solid increases.

关键词： N-Hexane Isomerization Mordenite Nickel Platinum

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Effluent of a Polyculture System(Tilapias and Shrimps):Assessment by Mass Balance of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第10期5卷 797-802页

作者： Sergio Leandro Araujo-Silva Munique de Almeida Bispo Moraes Clovis Ferreira do Carmo Joao Alexandre Saviolo Osti Andre martins Vaz-dos-santos Cacilda Thais Janson Mercante Center of Water Resources Fisheries InstituteSao PauloBrazil Aquaculture Center Paulista State UniversitySao PauloBrazil Federal University of Parana CuritibaBrazil

From the estimation of the mass balance model, which can also be classified as “black box” model, it is possible to infer the impact of management on the system considered. This study aimed to evaluate water pollution generated by wastewater from a polyculture system of tilapia and shrimp and discuss the management employee and their relation to the quality of the effluent released. It used a pond measuring 1500 m2, average depth 1.6 meters, where 12 cages of 1 m3 populated with tilapia juveniles were installed 33 days after the shrimps’ population. The tilapia juveniles were distributed in densities from 200 to 400 fish per cubic meter, reaching the density of 2.4 fish per square meter within the total pond area. Shrimp post-larvae were released outside the cages within the pond area in a density of 3.3 organisms per square meter. Total density considering fish and shrimps was of 5.7 organisms per square meter in the pond area. Water samples were taken weekly in affluent and effluent of the pond (January-August/2009). The mass balance model was calculated from the difference between the estimated load for the output and input of the pond. The average flow rate was 4.46 L/s. The average loads nitrogen was 0.072 Kg/day (affluent) and 0.179 Kg/day (effluent) and phosphorus 0.0136 Kg/day (affluent) and 0.031 Kg/day (effluent). The mass balance resulted in mean values of 0.11 ± 0.06 Kg/day for total nitrogen and 0.017 ± 0.010 Kg/day for total phosphorus indicating that the system exported nutrients. The use of Best Management Practices (BMP) likes better feed and water management as a way to minimize nutrient export.

关键词： Environmental Conservation BMP Aquaculture Water Flow

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Immunization with rPb27 Protects Mice from the Disruption of VEGF Signaling in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第9期7卷 913-927页

作者： Elis Araujo Morais Estefania Mara do Nascimento martins Viviane Cristina Femandes Iria Gabriela Dias dos santos Gerluza Aparecida Borges Silva Dawidson Assis Gomes Alfredo Miranda de Goes Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 31270-901 Brazil Albert Einstein College of Medicine Yeshiva University New York NY 10033 USA Department of Morphology Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 31270-901Brazil

VEGF （Vascular endothelial growth factor） signaling is critical for endothelial cell survival and maintenance of the vasculature. Deregulation of VEGF signaling contributes to the physiopathology of many diseases. However, the ways in which infection with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis affects VEGF signaling and the influence of immunization with rPb27 （recombinant protein Pb27） on VEGF signaling have not yet been studied. Animals were immunized with rPb27 and subsequently infected with a virulent strain of P. brasiliensis. The fungal load was evaluated by measuring CFU （colony-forming unit） and histology was performed to evaluate the inflammatory reaction. At the two time points analyzed, the PC （positive control） and TREAT （treated） animals had decreased levels of pulmonary VEGF compared to basal levels. However, in the immunized （Pb27） and treated mice （Pb27 ＋ TREAT）, VEGF expression remained unchanged after infection. In the case of VEGFR-2, the Pb27 and Pb27 ＋ TREAT groups showed increased levels of expression. Regarding the levels of the eNOS enzyme, only the Pb27 group did not reduce the expression levels relative to baseline. The immunization with rPb27 kept VEGF signaling, NO production and increased VEGFR-2 expression, after infection with P. brasiliensis. Thus, the authors infer that immunization with rPb27 protects mice from the disruption of VEGF signaling in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection.

关键词： rPb27 VEGF VEGFR eNOS Paracoccidioides brasiliensis paracoccidioidomycosis inflammatory infiltrate

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