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Assessment of Dose and Lifetime Risk of Exposure Induced Cancer in Adult Common Computed Tomography scans in Douala-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期14卷 135-146页

作者： Celestin Mpeke Mokubangele Alexandre Ngwa Ebongue daniel Bongue Boniface Moifo Centre for Atomic Molecular Physics and Quantum Optics (CEPAMOQ) University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Radiology Department Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Among medical technologies that use ionizing radiation, CT is currently the radio diagnostic technic that can deliver the highest radiation to the Patient compared with other conventional procedures. In developing countries, the uses and risks of CT have not been well characterized. Objective: To estimate the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) incidence and mortality for cancer for each procedure for adult’s patients who had Computed Tomography examinations in 10 imaging centers in the city of Douala-Cameroon so as to provide a reference data. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study describing radiation dose associated with the 8 most common types of diagnostic CT studies performed on 1287 consecutive adult patients at 10 Douala radiology department. We estimated lifetime attributable risks of cancer by study type from these measured doses. Estimation of LAR for cancer incidence and mortality was based on the effective dose, patient’s sex and age at exposure using the BIER VII preferred models. Results: Mean effective dose from CT scans examinations varied from: 0.30 and 8.81 msv. The highest doses were observed for lumbar spine CT (8.81 msv), followed by abdomen-pelvis procedure (6.46 msv), chest-abdomen-pelvic CT (6.61 msv), chest CT (3.90 msv), cervical spine CT (3.05 msv), head CT (1.7 msv) and lower for sinus CT (0.30 msv). The LAR values of all cancer from patients’ CT scans obtained vary from 67.13 excess per 100,000 (about 1 in 1489) and 0.45 excess per 100,000 (about 1 in 222,222). All cancer risk was high for lumbar spine CT in women 20 years old (67.13 excess deaths in 100,000 scans) followed by chest-abdomen-pelvic CT (50.36 excess deaths in 100,000 scans) and abdomen-pelvic CT (49.22 excess deaths in 100,000 scans) for the same age group. The LAR of incidence and mortality values were higher from female’s patients than males and higher for younger than older patients. Conclusion: This study was set out to estimate the LAR v

关键词： Patient Dose CT scan BEIIR VII Report Cancer Risk Assessment

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Non-Darcy Flow in Molding sands

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Open Journal of Applied sciences 2024年第4期14卷 976-982页

作者： Miguel A. Barron-Meza Joan Reyes-Miranda daniel Flores-sanchez Departamento de Materiales Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

Darcy’s law is widely used to describe the flow in porous media in which there is a linear relationship between fluid velocity and pressure gradient. However, it has been found that for high numbers of Reynolds this law ceases to be valid. In this work, the Ergun equation is employed to consider the non-linearity of air velocity with the pressure gradient in casting sands. The contribution of non-linearity to the total flow in terms of a variable defined as a non-Darcy flow fraction is numerically quantified. In addition, the influence of the shape factor of the sand grains on the non-linear flow fraction is analyzed. It is found that for values of the Reynolds number less or equal than 1, the contribution of non-linearity for spherical particles is around 1.15%.

关键词： Darcy’s Law Molding sands Non-Darcy Flow Reynolds Number shape Factor

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Cerebral small vessel disease modifies outcomes after minimally invasive surgery for intracerebral haemorrhage

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 446-456,I0147页

作者： Yunke Li sung-Min Cho Radhika Avadhani Hassan Ali Yi Hao santosh B Murthy Joshua N Goldstein Fan Xia Xin Hu Natalie L Ullman Issam Awad daniel Hanley Wendy C Ziai The George Institute for Global Health BeijingChina Department of Neurology Division of Neurocritical CareJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurology Division of Brain Injury OutcomesJohns Hopkins Medical Institutions CampusBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Emergency Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurosurgery West China Hospital of MedicineChengduSichuanChina Department of Neurosurgery University of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA

Background Minimally invasive surgery(MIs)for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage(ICH)is controversial but may be beneficial if end-of-treatment(EOT)haematoma volume is reduced to≤15 *** explored whether MRI findings of cerebral small vessel disease(CsVD)modify the effect of MIs on long-term *** Prespecified blinded subgroup analysis of 288 subjects with qualified imaging sequences from the phase 3 Minimally Invasive surgery Plus Alteplase for Intracerebral Haemorrhage Evacuation(MIsTIE)*** tested for heterogeneity in the effects of MIs and MIs+EOT volume≤15 mL on the trial’s primary outcome of good versus poor function at 1 year by the presence of single CsVD features and CsVD scores using multivariable *** Of 499 patients enrolled in MIsTIE III,288 patients had MRI,149(51.7%)randomised to MIs and 139(48.3%)to standard medical care(sMC).Median(IQR)ICH volume was 42(30–53)*** the full MRI cohort,there was no statistically significant heterogeneity in the effects of MIs versus sMC on 1-year outcomes by any specific CsVD feature or by CsVD scores(all P_(interaction)>0.05).In 94 MIs patients with EOT ICH volume≤15 mL,significant reduction in odds of poor outcome was found with cerebral amyloid angiopathy scoresence of lacunes(OR,0.37(0.18–0.80);P_(interaction)=0.02)and absence of severe white matter hyperintensities(WMHs)(OR,0.22(0.08–0.58);P_(interaction)=0.03).Conclusions Following successful haematoma reduction by MIs,we found significantly lower odds of poor functional outcome with lower total burden of CsVD in addition to absence of lacunes and severe *** features may have utility for prognostication and patient selection in clinical trials of MIs.

关键词： surgery surgery absence

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Model of Mediating Determinants of Time Differences in INDYCAR

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2024年第4期14卷 232-240页

作者： Wilfrido Isidro Aldana Balderas Héctor daniel Molina Ruiz Enrique Martínez Muñoz Eleazar Villegas González Tirso Javier Hernández Gracia Arturo sánchez sánchez Cruz García Lirios Alfredo Barrera Escobar University of México HuehuetocaMèxico University of Hidalgo PachucaMèxico University of Tlaxcala Mèxico University of CDMX Mexico University of FV Mexico

The IndyCar series distinguishes itself by providing the same design and operation of the single-seater to its *** difference in times is then attributable to the skills of the drivers,but considering the data from the races could test this *** objective of this work was to establish a trajectory model to predict race times.A cross-sectional,correlational,and explanatory work was carried out with a sample of 18,474 records in the period from 2020 to 2023 of the IndyCar *** results show that the time span predicts the time *** relation to the studies of acceptance of the technology,the adjustment of this to human capacities to explain the time differences in the series of racing cars is discussed.

关键词： time differences ranking differences ranking race time laps completed

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study of the Management and Disposal Practices of Unused or Out-of-Date Medicines by Households in the Municipality of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 291-302页

作者： daniel Dori Adama Guembré Kampadilemba Ouoba Nicolas Méda Rasmané semdé Drug Development Laboratory African Center of Excellence for Training Research and Expertise in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEA-CFOREM) Sciences and Health Doctoral School Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Charles De Gaulle University Children's Hospital (CHUP-CDG) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Agency for Pharmaceutical Regulation (ANRP) Ministry of Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Health Doctoral School Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Not all medicines that pass-through consumers’ hands are used, and some often expire in households. These health products can be sources of accidental risks and pollution when they are not properly disposed of. In Burkina Faso, there are as yet no guidelines for the disposal of unused medicines in households. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent of household possession of unused or expired medicines, and to describe attitudes and disposal practices. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study covering households in the Ouagadougou commune conducted from June to August 2021. Two-stage stratified sampling was used: selection of Enumeration Zones (EZs) and selection of households, with each EZ comprising several households. Data collection was based on direct interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data were processed using Epi Info software version 7.***.4.0. Results: In total, 417 household residents were surveyed out of the planned 423 households, corresponding to a completion rate of 98.58% compared with the initial sample. Among the respondents, 79.62% had unused and/or expired medicines in their household. A total of 2562 drug packaging units were counted, for a total weight of 121.90 kg. Nearly 75% were aware that improper disposal was a danger to the environment. some respondents kept their unused medicines at home until they expired (43.41%), and disposed of them mainly by throwing them in the household garbage (75.58%). The majority (79%) were in favor of the government setting up a take-back program for these medicines. Conclusion: The introduction of a take-back program for unused or out-of-date medicines will ensure safer disposal of medicines, and better protection for households and the environment.

关键词： Unused Medicines Expired Medicines Disposal Household Risk

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Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A critical review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 139-145页

作者： Wellington Andraus Francisco Tustumi Alexandre Chagas santana Rafael soares Nunes Pinheiro daniel Reis Waisberg Liliana Ducatti Lopes Rubens Macedo Arantes Vinicius Rocha santos Rodrigo Bronze de Martino Luiz Augusto Carneiro D’Albuquerque Department of Gas.roenterology Transplantation UnitUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil

Background:Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(phCCC)is a dismal *** is no consensus regard-ing the best treatment for patients with unresectable *** present review aimed to gather the current pieces of evidence for liver transplantation and liver resection as a treatment for phCCC and to build better guidance for clinical *** sources:The search was conducted in PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and *** related references were searched *** criteria were:reports in English or Portuguese literature that a)patients with confirmed diagnosis of phCCC;b)patients treated with a curative intent;c)patients with the outcomes of liver resection and liver *** reports,reviews,letters,editorials,conference abstracts and papers with full-text unavailability were excluded from the ***:Most of the current literature is based on observational retrospective studies with low grades of *** resection has better long-term outcomes than systemic chemotherapy or palliation ther-apy and liver transplantation is a good alternative for selected patients with unresectable *** candidates for resection or transplantation should be medically fit and free of intrahepatic or extrahep-atic *** a general rule,patients presenting with a tumor having a longitudinal size>3 cm or extending below the cystic duct,lymph node disease,confirmed extrahepatic dissemination;intraoper-atively diagnosed metastatic disease;a history of other malignancies within the last five years,and did not complete chemoradiation regimen and were medically unfit should not be considered for *** of these criteria should be individually *** transplantation or resection should only be considered in highly experienced hepatobiliary centers,and any decision-making must be based on a multidisciplinary ***:phCCC is a complex condition with high *** therapies,including hepatec-tomy and liv

关键词： Liver transplantation Cholangiocarcinoma Liver neoplasms

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study of Harmful Vaginal Practices of Women in the Municipality of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 425-438页

作者： daniel Dori Ramata Porgo Hyacinthe Zamané Nicolas Méda Rasmané semdé Drug Development Laboratory African Center of Excellence for Training Research and Expertise in Pharmaceutical Sciences (CEA-CFOREM) Sciences and Health Doctoral School Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Charles De Gaulle University Children’ s Hospital (CHUP-CDG) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Public Health Laboratory Sciences and Health Doctoral School Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Mother and Child Laboratory Sciences and Health Doctoral School Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Vaginal practices include washing, altering, cutting, cleaning, enhancing, drying, tightening, lubricating, or loosening of the vagina, labia, clitoris, or hymen. This study aimed to investigate the different vaginal practices of women using non-pharmaceutical products. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical purposes that took place from January 15 to April 23, 2023, in the four largest markets in the municipality of Ouagadougou. This was performed using the data collection sheet in the KoboCollect application. Epi info 7.***.5.0. software was used for data analysis. For the analysis of associated factors, a p-value Results: In total, 977 women were surveyed. Among them, 43.19% underwent vaginal procedures using non-pharmaceutical products. The female practitioners were 34.34 ± 7.44 years old. The products used included plants, mineral substances, ointments, tablets, and solutions. Among the practicing women, 40.99% were looking for vaginal tightening. The main purpose was to maintain their partners (45.97%). Three-point thirty-two percent (3.32%) of the women who underwent vaginal procedures had reported adverse events. Conclusion: Raising awareness of the consequences of vaginal practices and encouraging women to go to a health center for any gynecological problem could significantly reduce the prevalence of vaginal practices.

关键词： Vaginal Practices Women Adverse Events Products

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以芳基重氮盐为芳基前体电化学合成芳基取代的苯并噻吩和菲

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电化学（中英文） 2024年第4期30卷 6-48页

作者：蓝丽媛蒋洋叶 R.daniel Little 曾程初北京工业大学环境与生命学院北京100124 Department of Chemistry&Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106USA

芳基取代的苯并噻吩和菲是药物化学和材料科学中的重要结构单元。尽管已经投入了很多来制备这类化合物,并且已经开发了多种方法来构建2-取代的苯并噻吩核心结构,但仍然需要环境友好且有效的合成方法。基于我们以前的以芳基重氮盐为芳基... 详细信息

芳基取代的苯并噻吩和菲是药物化学和材料科学中的重要结构单元。尽管已经投入了很多来制备这类化合物,并且已经开发了多种方法来构建2-取代的苯并噻吩核心结构,但仍然需要环境友好且有效的合成方法。基于我们以前的以芳基重氮盐为芳基前体的电化学Minisci型芳基化反应,以及来自Konig小组的工作,本文使用成对电解以苯重氮盐为芳基前体来获得2-芳基苯并噻吩和9-芳基菲。首先,选择2-甲硫基苯重氮盐1a和4-甲基苯乙炔2a作为模型底物,通过考察溶剂、支持电解质、电极材料和电流密度来优化反应条件。经过大量的努力,发现在装备有石墨毡阳极、镍片阴极的单室电解池中,使用n-Bu_(4)NBF_(4)作为支持电解质,DMsO作为溶剂,控制在4mA·cm^(-2)条件下恒流电解,获得89%产率的所需产物3a。在最佳条件下,考察该电化学方案和底物范围的普适性。结果表明,烷基乙炔和芳基乙炔都适用于该方法,并成功地得到了一系列芳基取代的苯并噻吩衍生物。考虑到菲类化合物在药物化学和材料科学中的广泛应用,将此方案应用到菲衍生物的合成中,获得了相应的9-芳基菲衍生物。最后,通过循环伏安法分析了可能的机理。2-甲硫基苯重氮盐1a在CH_(3)CN中相对于Ag/Ag^(+)在-0.4 V处产生一个显著的不可逆还原峰,而在扫描电位窗口中没有检测到苯乙炔2a的信号。此外,尽管峰电流略有增加,2a的存在没有改变1a的还原峰电位。这些结果表明1a的还原比2a的还原容易。基于循环伏安分析和光催化结果,我们提出了成对电解机制,即芳基重氮盐1a在阴极的电化学还原产生芳基5a,然后芳基5a加成到苯乙炔上,在分子内环化后产生乙烯基6a和磺酰基7a。最后,7a的阳极氧化,接着用DMsO脱甲基化,生成目标产物3a。总之,我们发展了一种成对电解法来合成2-芳基苯并噻吩衍生物和9-芳基菲衍生物。该方案具有广泛的底物范围和官能团耐受性,进一步证明了芳基重氮盐作为多用途芳基自由基来源通过电化学还原产生芳基自由基的实用性。

关键词：苯并噻吩菲成对电合成芳基重氮盐芳基自由基

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Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto s.Nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyle Kelly G.stratton Carrie D.Nicora Nathalie Munoz Kathleen M.Navarro daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Karl K.Weitz Vanessa L.Paurus Kent J.Bloodsworth Kelsey A.Allen Lisa M.Bramer Fernando Montes Kathleen A.Clark Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental and Molecular sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational Analytics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Los Angeles County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***:To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profiles ***-exercise were compared by student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of *** blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy *** urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid *** saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***:This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

关键词： Multi-omics analysis Intense exercise Human performance Biofluids Metabolism Immunity

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Oncologic outcomes with and without amniotic membranes in robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy:A propensity score matched analysis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 19-25页

作者： Jonathan Noël daniel stirt Marcio Covas Moschovas sunil Reddy Abdel Rahman Jaber Marco sandri seetharam Bhat Travis Rogers subuhee Ahmed Anya Mascarenhas Ela Patel Vipul Patel Advent Health Global Robotics Institute CelebrationFLUSA University of Central Florida College of Medicine OrlandoFLUSA Big and Open Data Innovation Laboratory University of BresciaItaly sUNY Upstate Medical University SyracuseNYUSA Kansas City University College of Medicine Kansas CityMOUSA Harvard University CambridgeMAUSA

Objective:Placement of human placenta derived grafts during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP)hastens the return of continence and *** long-term impact on the oncologic outcomes remains to be *** objective was to determine the oncologic outcomes of patients with dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane(dHACM)at RARP compared to a matched ***:In a referral centre,from August 2013 to October 2019,599 patients used dHACM in bilateral nerve-sparing *** excluded patients with less than 12 months follow-up,simple prostatectomy,and unilateral *** with dHACM(amnio group)were 529,and were propensity score matched 1:1 to 2465 patients without dHACM(non-amnio group)and a minimum follow-up of 36 *** the time of RARP,dHACM was placed around the neurovascular bundle in the amnio *** and categorical variables in matched groups was tested by two-sample Kolmogorov-smirnov test and Fisher's exact test *** measured were biochemical recurrence(BCR),adjuvant and salvage therapy ***:Propensity score matching resulted in two groups of 444 *** incidence functions for BCR did not show a difference between the groups(p=0.3).Patients in the non-amnio group required salvage therapy more frequently than the amnio group,particularly after partial nerve-sparing RARP(6.3%vs.2.3%,p=0.001).Limitations are the absence of prospective ***:The data suggest that using dHACM does not have a negative impact on BCR in *** of cancer specific and overall survival will require follow-up study to increase our understanding of these grafts’impact on prostate cancer biology.

关键词： Prostatectomy Prostatecancer Robotic Oncology Outcome Allograft Biomaterial Dehydrated human amnionchorion membrane

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